Vocabulary exercises

I.

1. d

2. a

3. b

4. i

5. c

6. e

7. h

8. g

9. f

10. j

II.

1. f

2. e

3. a

4. d

5. g

6. b

7. c

8. h

III.

1. 2h 3g

2. 2i 3d

3. 2b 3c

4. 2f 3e

5. 2k 3a

6. 2l 3k

7. 2j 3b

8. 2e 3l

9. 2a 3h

10. 2d 3f

11. 2c 3i

12. 2g 3j

V.

1. division; 2. divided; 3. divisional; 4. division; 5. divisional; 6. divisional; 7. divide; 8. divisible; 9. divisive; 10. divided.

VI.

1. high technology; 2. car/motor/truck industry; 3. heavy industry; 4. pretax profit; 5. prosperity of economy; 6. purchase/purchasing/spending power; 7. net/pure profit; 8. forced/hard labour; 9. transfer powers; 10. manual labour; 11. royal profit; 12. wage labour; 13. middle management; 14. operating division; 15. sampling observation; 16. top management; 17. travel industry; 18. trading profit.

VII.

1. g

2. a

3. j

4. g

5. c, e, g, l

6. g

7. d

8. e

9. d

10. d

11. d

12. c

13. h

14. k

15. g, f

16. i

17. c

18. a

19. a

20. b, f, g

21. h

22. d, g

23. h

24. d

25. a

26. g, l

VIII.

1. beyond; 2. in; 3. out; 4. into; 5. from; 6. of; 7. of; 8. of; 9. over; 10. of; 11. out of; 12. from; 13. at; 14. at; 15. of; 16. in; 17. over; 18. to.

IX.

1. division, labour, productivity; 2. contribution; 3. distribution; 4. insurance; 5. prosperity; 6. labour; 7. specializations; 8. power; 9. standards; 10. source.

III.

1. m

2. a

3. c

4. h

5. b

6. f

7. l

8. e

9. i

10. d

11. k

12. j

13. n

14. g

IV.

1. a

2. c

3. f

4. d

5. e

6. g

7. j

8. i

9. h

10. b

V.

1. of; 2. from, of, to, of; 3. out, across, up, of; 4. of, in; 5. for, in, in; 6. of; 7. of, in, to; 8. of, out, off; 9. for, for, for, for; 10. over, about.

VI.

1. a, _; 2. _, the, the, the; 3. _, a, the, the; 4. _, the, an, the, the; 5. the, the; 6. the, the, _, the; 7. _, a; 8. the, _, an; 9. the, the, _; 10. _, a, _, _.

VII.

1. introduced, bring about; 2. producing, con­tinuous production; 3. upsurge in prosperity; 4. division of labour, perform; 5. tech­niques, prosperity, unemployment; 6. responsible for; 7. earth-shatter­ing, notion; 8. appropriate length, finally; 9. convinced, specialization, poverty and want. 10. ad­vantages, various.

IX.

1. Over two hundred years ago, Adam Smith introduced some ideas which were to bring about a world revolution. 2. Scientists and engineers, trained in extremely narrow fields, became specialists in inventing. 3. To make the market as large as possible, there must be no impediments to free trade both within a country and among countries. 4. Machines started performing repetitive operations faster, and more accurately than people. 5. Like so many ideas which have earth-shatter­ing effects, his was a disarmingly simple notion. 6. After two centuries, Adam Smith remains a towering figure in the history of economic thought. 7. Smith thought that the fruits of the division of labour are limited by the extent of the market. 8. Smith drew attention to the ad­vantages which could be gained if these various tasks were performed by different work­ers. 9. What were called mass-production lines yesterday are called robotic production lines today. 10. If we enjoy a high standard of living in modern society, we owe much to this Scottish economist and philosopher.