
- •Gerunds and Infinitives
- •What is a Gerund?
- •What is an Infinitive?
- •Gerunds or Infinitives?
- •Verbs Followed by Gerunds
- •Verbs Followed by Infinitives
- •Verbs Followed by Both
- •Part II
- •Verbs Followed Only by Gerunds
- •Verbs Followed Only by Infinitives
- •Verbs Followed by Gerunds or Infinitives (with a significant change in the meaning)
- •Part III
- •Gerunds and Infinitives – Exercise 01
- •Gerunds and Infinitives – Exercise 02
- •Gerunds and Infinitives – Exercise 03
- •Gerunds and Infinitives – Exercise 04
Gerunds or Infinitives?
If you want to speak correct and natural English, you should know when to use gerunds, and when to use infinitives.
Deciding between a gerund and an infinitive as an object is much more difficult than subjects. You must learn which verbs are followed by gerunds, infinitives, or both. The tables show which verbs are followed by gerunds and which are followed by infinitives.
Verbs Followed by Gerunds
Admit |
Delay |
Give up |
Quit |
Suggest |
Anticipate |
Deny |
Imagine |
Recall |
Tolerate |
Appreciate |
Discuss |
Keep |
Recollect |
Understand |
Avoid |
Dislike |
Mention |
Recommend |
|
Can't help |
Don't mind |
Mind |
Report |
|
Can't stand |
Enjoy |
Miss |
Resent |
|
Complete |
Finish |
Postpone |
Resist |
|
Consider |
Get through |
Practice |
Risk |
|
Verbs Followed by Infinitives
Agree |
Claim |
Expect |
Know how |
Prepare |
Tend |
Appear |
Consent |
Fail |
Learn |
Pretend |
Threaten |
Arrange |
Decide |
Forget |
Manage |
Promise |
Try |
Ask |
Demand |
Happen |
Mean |
Seem |
Wait |
Care |
Deserve |
Hesitate |
Need |
Struggle |
Want |
Choose |
Desire |
Hope |
Offer |
Swear |
Wish |
Verbs Followed by Both
Can afford |
Choose |
Hate |
Plan |
Stop |
Allow |
Continue |
Hesitate |
Prefer |
Threaten |
Attempt |
Dread |
Intend |
Pretend |
Try |
Can bear |
Expect |
Like |
Regret |
|
Begin |
Forget |
Love |
Remember |
|
Can't stand |
Go |
Neglect |
Start |
|
Here is the full explanation:
Part I
The basic difference between gerunds and infinitives is the following:
Using a gerund suggests that you are referring to real activities or experiences. Using an infinitive suggests that you are talking about potential or possible activities or experiences.
So let's say you eat ice cream every day. This is an actual action you are doing. Then you could say: "I like eating ice cream". On the other hand, if you are on a diet, and you don't usually eat ice cream, then you are talking about a potential action. You could say: "I like to eat ice cream." When used before the main verb, gerunds tend to sound more like natural English. For example, the sentence "Playing tennis is a lot of fun" sounds more natural than "To play tennis is a lot of fun". The later sentence sounds more theoretical.