• Образец тестового задания к тексту 1.2:

Укажите, какие из следующих утверждений соответствуют содержанию текста 1.2 имеют смысл, исходя из содержания текста 1.2: 1. Economics is a social science. 2. There’s no one universally accepted definition of economics. 3. The earlier definitions of economics are based on the notion of wealth. 4. Economics is the study of the choices people make because of scarcity. а) все d) только второе и третье b) ни одного e) только четвертое c) только первое

• Поисково-просмотровое чтение

Текст 1.3 «Economics: Areas of Study»

(1) Traditionally, economics is broadly divided into two main branches: microeconomics which is the study of the behaviour of an economy at the level of individual economic entities (individuals, households, and businesses/firms), and macroeconomics – the study of the behaviour of the economy taken as a whole/as an aggregate. As to Finance, which has traditionally been considered a part of economics, it has today effectively established itself as a separate, though closely related to economics, discipline.

(2) Some economists also argue that two other branches of economics should be distinguished, namely mesoeconomics, which is the study of markets and other similar intermediary institutional arrangements within a nation, and megaeconomics, which is the study of economy at the international level. As national economies get more and more connected globally to one another, their study at the international level becomes an extremely important one.

(3) The main areas of study into which economics is typically divided can be further sub-divided into numerous sub-disciplines that do not always fit neatly into the micro-macro-meso-mega categorization. These sub-disciplines, in alphabetical order, are: agricultural economics, business economics, ecological economics, environmental economics, evolutionary economics, international economics, labour economics, managerial economics, resource economics, socioeconomics, transport economics, urban economics, economic geography, economic history, industrial organization, just to name a few.

(4) Other subdivisions of economic study are also possible, as a result of the fact that in recent years the subject matter that economists have studied for centuries has expanded, making its boundaries less defined. Since modern economic analysis focuses on decision-making, it can be applied, with varying degrees of success, to any field where people are faced with alternatives – education, marriage, health, etc. Some economists extend economical analysis to all personal decisions regarding not only questions like “How many eggs should I buy?”, but also “How many hours should I spend with my children?”, and “How long should I spend brushing my teeth?”

Задания к тексту 1.3:

Прочтите текст 1.3 и укажите, на какие из следующих вопросов можно найти ответ в данном тексте:

1. На какие основные области исследования традиционно подразделяется экономика как наука?

2. Что такое финансы?

3. Какие новые области исследования выделяются в экономике в последнее время?

4. Какие области исследования, помимо основных, выделяются в экономике как науке в настоящее время?

5. Что такое экономический анализ?

6. К каким сферам человеческой деятельности применим экономический анализ?

7. Сколько времени следует уделять воспитанию детей в семье с экономической точки зрения?

Форма итогового контроля степени сформированности навыков поисково-просмотрового чтения – компьютерный тест.

• Образцы тестовых заданий к текстам для поисково-просмотрового чтения:

(1) Укажите, на какие из приведенных ниже вопросов можно найти ответ в следующем тексте: What is economics? One should not expect to find a short definition that conveys with absolute clarity all there is to know about economics. Neither should one believe that there is only one correct definition possible. Many good definitions are possible, and each will focus on some important aspect of the subject. 1.Что такое экономика? 2.Существует ли одно общепринятое краткое определение экономики? а) на оба вопроса b) только на первый вопрос d) только на второй вопрос e) ни на один из вопросов (2) Укажите в каком из предложений (абзацев) следующего текста говорится о значимости экономики как науки: (1) So what exactly is economics in modern terms? (2) Economics, first and foremost, is a social science, a “school of thought” or “theory”.  (3) As such, economics helps to explain the mysteries of human behaviour in relation to the production, distribution and consumption of goods and services under conditions of scarce resources and unlimited wants: why people and economies behave the way they do, and why things happen the way they do.   (4) The role of economists is thus to analyze scarcity and make predictions and practical recommendations regarding the most effective ways of using available resources to achieve people’s economic desires and goals. а) в первом и втором b) в третьем d) в четвертом e) ни в одном Примечание: См также задание к тексту 2.3 ниже.