Вопросы к практическому занятию

1. Какова цель проведения научных исследований в области молочной и пищевой промышленности?

2. Какие типы вопросов вы знаете?

3. К каким членам предложения можно задать специальные вопросы?

4. Какой порядок слов в указанном типе вопросов?

Практическое занятие 23

Научные исследования в области молочной или пищевой промышленности (часть II)

FOOD OR DAIRY RESEARCH (part II)

Теоретическая часть

Данный лексический материал предназначен для того, чтобы студенты смогли составить высказывание о значении научных исследований в области молочной и пищевой промышленности в жизни современного общества.

generic характерный для определённого класса, об –

щий

commodity предмет, товар, товарный

generalization обобщение

frequency частота

failure неудача, провал

considerations обсуждение

venture рискованное предприятие или начинание

plea оправдание, ссылка

fashionable современный, модный

food пища, питание

industry промышленность

to ensure обеспечивать

safety сохранность

wholesomeness сохранность

control контроль

enhancement увеличение, повышение

quality качество

property свойство

technology технология

Задания

Задание 1. Прочитайте и переведите текст:

Food or dairy research?

Over the last few decades, it has become fashionable to promote “generic” food research, rather than commodity-oriented research. An important argument is that many of the problems encountered with a given commodity are to some extent encountered with other ones. Knowledge obtained at a higher level of generalization would be applicable to a range of commodities, whereby money is saved.

Much of this is undoubtedly true, but in the author's opinion other considerations have played a considerable role. One is that scientists tend to consider commodity-oriented research to be of low status. The other one is that too many failures of the first kind were made by the old-fashioned technologists. This was indeed the case, and the frequency of these failures has decreased. On the other hand, the number of failures of the second kind has markedly increased. The latter will partly be due to more and more “fundamental” scientists trying to compete for funding of their research by venturing into “applied” problems. Another reason is, however, that the change from commodity-oriented to generic food research has caused a significant erosion of knowledge of the systems studied.

These considerations lead to a plea for a fairly defined position of dairy research within food research. This can be in the form of separate institutions, or of separate departments within (food) research institutions. One of the main reasons why much of dairy research has been fairly successful is the combination of knowledge of the system with application of advanced scientific methods and theories.

Задание 2. Работа в парах. Задайте друг другу вопросы по содержанию текста.

Задание 3. Дайте ответы на предлагаемые вопросы по содержанию текста:

1. What has become fashionable over the last few decades?

2. What is an important argument?

3. What did knowledge obtain at?

4. What have in the author's opinion have played a considerable role?

5. What do these considerations lead to?

6. Can it be in the form of separate institutions or not?

7. What is one of the main reasons? Why?

Задание 4. Задайте все типы вопросов к следующему предложению:

One of the main reasons why much of dairy research has been fairly successful is the combination of knowledge of the system with application of advanced scientific methods and theories.

Задание 5. Напишите степени сравнения нижепредложенных прилагательных:

few, fashionable, important, high, much, considerable, undoubtedly, low, many, markedly, fairly, significant, successful.