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Файл:1 курс метода ANSWERS.doc
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- •Contents
- •Foreword
- •Unit 1: University.
- •Comment on the picture.
- •Do you agree or disagree with the quotations? Discuss them in pairs.
- •Discuss the following questions in small groups or pairs.
- •Test yourself. Are you attentive?
- •A) Underline the stressed sound in each word as in the example. Practise reading.
- •Read the article "Our University" and answer the questions.
- •Find 7 phrases with the adjectives in the text.
- •The National Technical University of Ukraine
- •Look through the list of words and phrases and check if you know their Ukrainian equivalents. Use the Mini-Dictionary (unit 1) if necessary.
- •Explain the meaning of the words and phrases.
- •Arrange the following words according to
- •Match the word(s) with their translation.
- •Fill the cells in the table with the words derived from the given ones.
- •Fill in the correct word derived from the word in bold.
- •Underline the correct word.
- •Fill in the blanks with prepositions wherever necessary.
- •Paraphrase the following word expressions using
- •Compose sentences matching phrases from three columns.
- •Translate the sentences into English using the construction “there is/are…”, “there was/were…”, “there will be…”. Mind the order of words.
- •Choose the correct answer.
- •Describe the picture. Use the Present Indefinite and the Present Continuous.
- •Use “make” or “do” with the following words. Then make up a story about students' life using as many phrases from the list as possible.
- •Translate into Ukrainian.
- •Remember your first day spent at the University and tell your groupmate a story.
- •Complete the story or make up your own.
- •In small groups or pairs discuss discuss the following questions.
- •Read some information about Higher Education in Great Britain and America (see Further Reading, unit 1). Then in pairs ask and answer questions based on this text.
- •Work in pairs. What would you say in the following situations?
- •Comment on the following jokes, and retell them not using direct speech.
- •You are a student of the kpi. Make up a story about exams using the suggested words and phrases from the Mini-Dictionary (unit 1).
- •Give the Ukrainian equivalents of the following proverbs and sayings (5 of the suggested) and comment on them.
- •You are going to listen to some information about studies and degrees in Great Britain. Listen and answer the questions.
- •Choose the correct variant.
- •Listen again and complete the phrases.
- •Curious problems and puzzles How many miles a day?
- •When will Harry have a bicycle?
- •How much does the man weigh?
- •Divide the Camels
- •How did they cross the River?
- •Further Reading From the History of the National Technical University of Ukraine
- •The British Higher Education
- •Americans and Higher Education
- •Scripts studies and degrees in great britain
- •Mini-Dictionary
- •The National Technical University of Ukraine
- •Unit 2: Imperial English: the Language of Science.
- •Can you name
- •English language − around the world
- •If you have any difficulties, see Appendix 7. Africa
- •America
- •Australia and oceania
- •Look at the picture and read notes. What question is raised?
- •Do you agree or disagree with the quotations? Discuss them in pairs.
- •Discuss the following statements.
- •Underline the stressed sound in each word as in the example. Practise reading.
- •Read the article "Imperial English: the Language of Science" and match the statements to the paragraphs.
- •Answer the following questions.
- •Imperial english: the language of science?
- •Look through the list of words and phrases and check if you know their Ukrainian equivalents. Use the Mini-Dictionary (unit 2) if necessary.
- •Explain the meaning of the words and phrases.
- •Cross the odd word out.
- •Fill in the word(s) from the list below. Use each word only once. Translate the collocations into Ukrainian.
- •Arrange the following words according to similar meaning.
- •Fill the cells in the table with the words derived from the given ones.
- •Fill each gap with an appropriate word from the list below.
- •What is the nature of Artificial Languages?
- •Work in small groups. Arrange the following words and phrases in the correct order to make the sentences. The first word is underlined.
- •Mary is the 6th year student. Now she is graduating from the kpi. Mary has had an interesting life at the university. Write sentences about the things she has done. Use the Present Perfect.
- •Underline the correct word in bold.
- •Put the verbs into the correct tense. Use the Present Simple and the Present Perfect tenses.
- •Find and correct the mistakes.
- •Choose the correct answer.
- •Adequate instrument for the expression of scientific ideas
- •She _____ an article about the role of English in science all morning.
- •Fill in the where necessary.
- •Translate into Enlish.
- •Edit the English translation (b).
- •Edit the Ukrainian translation (b).
- •You argue with your friends that English is an imperial language and it will be dominant next 10 years. Your friends don't agree with you. Give your reasons.
- •Test yourself. Do the English Language Quiz (see Problem-Solving, unit 2). The English Language Quiz
- •Further Reading Later Lingua Franca
- •Language and Science
- •Most Frequently Viewed Questions about English What is the Oxford Comma?
- •What is the difference between Street and Road?
- •Is there An Official Committee which regulates the English language, like the Académie française does for French?
- •Script lingua franca: many languages for many different roles
- •Imperial English: the Language of Science
- •Unit 3: The Mind Machine?
- •Comment on the pictures.
- •Do you agree or disagree with the quotations?
- •Discuss the following questions.
- •Underline the stressed sound in each word as in the example. Practise reading.
- •Read the article and choose the most suitable heading from the list below for each numbered part of the article. The first one has been done for you.
- •Match this information with the links that are underlined in the text. On a real Internet page you can "click" on these words to get more information.
- •Answer the following questions.
- •Think of other headings to the text.
- •Explain the meaning of the words and phrases.
- •Cross the odd word out.
- •Find 10 words from the table above.
- •Fill in the blanks with the words from the list below. Use each word only once. Translate the collocations into Ukrainian.
- •Find the words in the text to which the following are the synonyms. The first is given to make the task easier.
- •Match the words and phrases with their Ukrainian equivalents.
- •Fill in the correct word derived from the word in bold.
- •Fill each gap with an appropriate word from the list below.
- •Find and correct the mistakes.
- •Read the sentences. If a line is correct, put a tick. If it has a word which should not be there, write it in the space provided.
- •Fill in a, an, the where necessary.
- •Fill in the gaps with for, on (2), by, in (3), of (3).
- •Edit the Ukrainian translation (b).
- •Translate into English.
- •Сша створюють комп'ютер з мозком людини Компанія ibm оголосила про початок роботи над комп'ютером, що працює за принципом людського мозку. Дослідження фінансується з державного бюджету сша.
- •T est your brain power. Solve the problems with a partner (see Problem-Solving, unit 3). What's your brain power?
- •Answers What's your brain power?
- •How to Boost your Memory
- •Human Brain Vs. The Computer
- •Mini-Dictionary
- •Unit 4: iq testing
- •How many words can you write in two minutes using only letters found in the word intelligence?
- •Discuss the following questions in small groups or pairs.
- •Do you agree or disagree with the quotations? Discuss them in pairs.
- •In pairs or small groups, try to find the answers to the following brain boosters.
- •Mark the following statements true (t) or false (f). Compare your answers with a partner, then read the text below and check your answers.
- •Think of the name for each paragraph of the text.
- •Interesting facts about iq tests
- •Work in pairs and see if you can remember the following words and phrases. Take turns to ask each other. Use the Mini-dictionary if necessary (unit 4).
- •Explain the meaning of the words and phrases.
- •Find the words in the text to which the following are the synonyms. The first letter is given to make the task easier.
- •Fill the gaps in the sentences with the correct word(s) (1-6) from the table above. You won’t need all the words.
- •Read about three types of intelligence. Fill the gaps with the words given below.
- •Rational intelligence
- •Emotional intelligence
- •Financial intelligence
- •Rearrange the letters in bold to make words that fit into the gaps.
- •Put the words in the correct order to make meaningful sentences. The first word of each sentence is underlined.
- •Choose the best word(s) from each pair in bold to complete the sentence.
- •Put the words in brackets into the correct form.
- •Find and correct the mistakes.
- •L ook at the pictures and make up a student's story of passing iq test yesterday. Use past indefinite tense.
- •Underline the correct tense.
- •Follow the directions. Use troublesome verbs.
- •Name things that rise.
- •Choose which verb tense (Past Simple or Past Continuous) fits better.
- •Fill in a, the where necessary.
- •Fill in the gaps with a suitable preposition from the list.
- •Translate the following sentences into English.
- •Edit the Ukrainian translation (b).
- •Discuss the following questions in small groups or pairs.
- •Use the information from Units 3−4 and prepare a three-minute talk for the students’ conference on intelligence, iq tests and memory.
- •Say what you were doing, or what was happening, at these moments.
- •This year's winner is being intervied by a journalist.
- •You are going to listen to the part of a lecture on iq.
- •Listen again and complete the sentences with information from the lecture.
- •Choose any 5 phrases from exercise 16 and use them in your own sentences.
- •Choose any 2 quotations from exercise 3 (warm-up section) and comment on them (40-70 words each).
- •Write some advice for students’ campus leaflet on how to raise your iq level and, hence, to improve your academic performance.
- •Try to find solutions (Problem-Solving, unit 4).
- •Further Reading Parts of an iq Test
- •Verbal Intelligence
- •Mathematical Ability
- •Spatial Reasoning Skills
- •Visual/Perceptual Skills
- •Classification Skills
- •Logical Reasoning Skills
- •Pattern Recognition Skills
- •Script History of intelligence testing
- •Mini-dictionary
- •Iq Testing
- •Unit 5: The Principal Elements of the Nature of Science: Dispelling the Myths.
- •Underline the stressed sound in each word as in the example. Practise reading.
- •A nswer the following questions.
- •The principal elements of the nature of science: dispelling the myths
- •Explain the meaning of the words and phrases.
- •Cross the odd word out.
- •Find 10 words from the table above.
- •Arrange the following words according to
- •Match the words and expressions with their translation.
- •Fill each gap with the appropriate word from the list below.
- •Fill in the correct word derived from the word in bold.
- •Underline the correct item.
- •Choose the correct answer.
- •Fill in a, the where necessary.
- •Edit the Ukrainian translation (b).
- •Translate into English.
- •Complete the sentences with necessary information.
- •How else did n. Tesla contribute to the society? Find additional information about n. Tesla and share this information with your fellowmates.
- •W rite comments on one of the following quotations.
- •Work in small groups. You are asked to create a crossword devoted to science and scientists. Then offer it to your fellowmates to solve.
- •W ork in pairs. Now you are taking part in the Project "Inventions of the 20th century". Choose the inventions that you like and cover the following information:
- •Try to understand a famous puzzler's logic (see Problem-Solving to unit 5). A famous puzzler's logic
- •No experienced person is incompetent;
- •Answers
- •Further Reading Sir Isaac Newton Scientist and Mathematician, 1642 - 1727
- •Script nikola tesla the genius who lit the world
- •Mini-dictionary
- •Unit 6: Beauty in Science
- •In the article below, find 3 adjectives, 3 adverbs, an adjective in the superlative degree, 3 irregular verbs and 3 prepositions.
- •Read the text again and answer the following questions.
- •Think of other heading to the text.
- •A thing of beauty
- •Explain the meaning of the words and phrases.
- •Match the words and collocations (1-8) from the text with their definitions (a-h).
- •Find words in the texts to which the following are the synonyms. The first letter is given to make the task easier.
- •Find phrases in the article that match the meanings (a-e).
- •Fill the gaps with the words given below.
- •Find and correct the mistakes in the sentences if there are any.
- •Fill in each blank by putting the verb in brackets into the correct past tense.
- •Fill in a, the where necessary.
- •Translate the following sentences into English.
- •Edit the Ukrainian translation (b).
- •Discuss the following questions in small groups or pairs.
- •Do you agree with the following statements. Discuss them with your classmates.
- •Remember the story how d.I. Mendeleyev developed the periodic classification of the elements.
- •Listen and decide whether the facts from the lecture are true or false.
- •Darwin's Flowers
- •The First Vaccination
- •Primordial Soup
- •Nasa Inventions You Might Use Every Day
- •Mini-dictionary Beauty in Science
- •Unit 7: Mathematics.
- •Who invented math?
- •Do you agree or disagree with the quotations? Discuss them in pairs.
- •You need to
- •Tell what the following abbreviations or shortenings mean. If you don't know, see Appendix 4.
- •Read the text "Mathematics − the language of science" and answer the questions.
- •Think of the heading for each paragraph of the text. Mathematics − the language of science
- •Explain the meaning of the words and phrases.
- •Cross the odd word out.
- •Fill in the word from the list below. Use the word only once. Translate the collocations into Ukrainian.
- •Find words in the texts to which the following ones are the antonyms. The first letter is given to make the task easier.
- •Pick up from the text “Mathematics” all the adjectives to the following words.
- •Match the words and phrases with their Ukrainian equivalents.
- •Fill the cells in the table with the words derived from the given nouns.
- •Make up adverbs adding “-ly” to the given words. Translate these words into Ukrainian.
- •Fill the gaps in the text about mathematics with the missing word(s) from the list below.
- •Fill in the correct word derived from the word in bold.
- •26. Give examples of equations or formulae that you had to solve at your lessons of mathematics.
- •27. Find and correct mistakes.
- •30. You want to ask your friend to do something for you. Use the prompts below to make questions, as in the example. Use the Future Continuous.
- •31. Choose the correct answer.
- •32. Put the verbs into the correct tense.
- •33. Put articles where necessary.
- •34. Translate into English.
- •П'єр Ферма
- •35. A. Discuss the following questions in small groups.
- •36. A. Look at the portraits of famous mathematicians, name them and tell about their contribution to science.
- •38. You are going to listen to some information about mathematics. Decide whether the facts from the text are true or false.
- •39. Complete the sentences.
- •40. Complete the phrases.
- •41. Write 5 sentences using abbreviations or shortenings from exercise 6.
- •42. Write our equivalents to the suggested numbers and measures in the suggested joke. A Joke
- •44. Try to solve mathematical problem. Number & Math Play
- •Further Reading Who Created the Quadratic Formula?
- •Mathematical Problems
- •Who Created the Quadratic Formula?
- •The Formula Moves to Europe
- •Mathematics
- •Unit 8: Recreational Mathematics.
- •What is recreational mathematics?
- •What magic figures do you know? Why are they called magic?
- •Work in small groups. In three minutes, write down a list of things which are usually round and/or square.
- •What do you think the word “quadramagicology” mean? What information do you expect to read? (the study of magic squares)
- •Look at the picture of a turtle and tell what is special about it. How might it be connected with the text? Share your ideas with other students.
- •Info for teachers
- •Read the article below to find out if your guesses were right.
- •Some sentences have been removed from the text by mistake. Put each sentence into appropriate place in the text (1-5).
- •What do you remember after reading the text? Mark the following statements as true (t) or false (f). Then check your answers in the text.
- •Quadramagicology
- •Underline the stressed sound in each word as in the example. Choose any 4 words and use them in your own sentences.
- •Explain the meaning of words and phrases below. Choose 3 words you like and write sentences with the words chosen.
- •Find words or phrases in the article that match the meanings (a-e).
- •Arrange the following words in pairs of synonyms.
- •Fill in the blanks with appropriate words from the list below.
- •Put the appropriate verb of measurement into the sentences, changing its form if necessary. Pay attention to the tenses.
- •Match the pictures with the words that describe shape.
- •A drawing game. Try to draw each of the items below spending just a few seconds on each.
- •Label the shapes with the suitable words. Then check your answers in the text below.
- •A.What do you think life will be like in 100 years? Use perhaps, probably (not), certainly, I (don’t) think, I’m sure, I hope, I’d like to imagine.
- •Put the verb into the correct future form to complete the sentences.
- •Choose the best variant to complete the sentence.
- •Translate the following sentences into English.
- •Now, listen and do the tasks that follow.
- •Listen again and complete the descriptions.
- •Explain the difference between
- •Discuss the following questions in small groups or pairs.
- •Describe the following buildings in as many details as possible. Think about their shape, size, material.
- •1. Building on the Elbe in Hamburg-Altona, Germany
- •2. Habitat 67, Montreal, Canada
- •3. Crooked house, Sopot, Poland
- •Do you agree with the following quotations? Why (not)?
- •Your friend came across an interesting article about geometric shapes in art and history. Help him to translate some of the sentences he had difficulty with.
- •Write an abstract (4-6 sentences) in English to the article about origami.
- •How well do you remember the words from the unit. Work in pairs and do the quiz.
- •Try to solve the suggested problems (see Problem-Solving, unit 8). Numbers Quiz
- •Further Reading a Brief History of Magic Squares
- •Scripts hip to be square: rubik's cubes and sudoku
- •Mini-dictionary Recreational Mathematics
- •Unit 9: The Dawn of Atomic Physics
- •Think of as many words as possible related to physics. How important is physics to you?
- •Match the letters used in Physics with their phenomena they stand for.
- •Discuss the following questions in small groups.
- •Do you agree or disagree with the quotations?
- •Underline the stressed sound in each word as in the example. Practise reading.
- •Practise reading the following numerals:
- •Read the text "The dawn of atomic physics" and put the sentences into chronological order.
- •Answer the following questions.
- •Think of other heading to the text. The dawn of atomic physics
- •Look through the list of words and phrases and check if you know their Ukrainian equivalent. Use the Mini-Dictionary (unit 9) if necessary.
- •Explain the meaning of the words and phrases.
- •Find 7 words from the table above.
- •Find the words in the texts to which the following are the synonyms. The first letter is given to make the task easier.
- •Match the words and phrases with their Ukrainian equivalents.
- •Translate the following phrases from the text into Ukrainian.
- •Fill in the proper word from the list below.
- •Fill in the blanks with the words from the table above. You won’t need all the words.
- •Сhoose the proper word from the pairs in bold. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian.
- •Put the words and phrases in the correct order to make sentences. The first word is underlined.
- •Complete the sentences. Mind the rule of Conditional sentences.
- •Choose the correct answer.
- •Translate into English paying attention to the present, past and future tenses.
- •Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense.
- •Fill in the gaps with
- •A suitable preposition and translate the following sentences into Ukrainian.
- •Fill in a, the where necessary.
- •Edit the Ukrainian translation (b).
- •Tell your partner about one or two new things about physics you have found out at the lesson.
- •Imagine that you are a great scientist working in a certain field of physics. You are invited to the university to tell students about your research or discovery.
- •L ook at the table with equations. Think of the authors of these equations and their contribution to science.
- •Science Quiz: General Physics
- •Physics quiz
- •Does the balloon go forward, backward, or neither?
- •Is this a way to send signals faster than c?
- •Further Reading The Famous Work of Ernest Rutherford
- •Script physics
- •Mini-dictionary
The Formula Moves to Europe
This early version of the quadratic formula was carried to Europe in 1100 AD by a Jewish Mathematician / Astronomer from Barcelona named Abraham bar Hiyya. As the Renaissance raged on in Europe, interest and attention began to be focused on unique mathematical problems. Girolamo Cardano began to compile the work on the quadratic equation in 1545.
Cardano was one of the best algebraists of his time. He compiled the works of Al-Khwarismi and Euclidian geometry and blended them into a form that allowed for imaginary number. This inclusion also allowed for the existence of complex numbers.
Complex numbers are also called imaginary numbers and are primarily used for taking the square root of a negative number. This derivation and blending of mathematical knowledge resulted in the creation of the quadratic formula that we now recognize and use for calculating polynomial equations of powers of two.
The Importance of the Formula
The development of the quadratic formula and its solution took over 3000 years of work by mathematicians. Granted the work wasn’t done on a full time basis, but the formula was studied throughout this time and mathematicians did make significant progress over that period.
Looking back now and realizing how much time it took to come to an explicit mathematical derivation and solution to the quadratic formula, it is amazing that the ancient cultures were able to solve their problems without the aid of solutions like the formula.
Scripts
Mathematics
The word “mathematics” comes from the Greek “mathema” which means in ancient Greek “what one learns”, “what one gets to know” also “study”, “knowledge”, “learning” and “science” and in modern Greek just “lesson”.
In English until 1700 the term “mathematics” meant “astrology”, “astronomy” rather than “mathematics” as it is now. Mathematics is the study of quantity, space, structure and change.
Through the use of abstraction and logical reasoning, maths developed from counting, calculation, measurement, and the systematic study of the shapes and motions of physical objects. Practical maths has been a human activity for as far back as written records exist. The earliest uses of Maths were in trading, land measurement, painting. In addition to recognizing how to count physical objects, prehistoric peoples also knew how to count abstract quantities, like time – days, seasons, years. Elementary arithmetic (addition, subtraction, multiplication and division) naturally followed.
The systematic study of maths in its own right began with the Ancient Greek between 600 and 300 BC.
Maths continued to develop, for example, in China in 300 BC, in India in 100 A.D. and in the Muslim world in AD 800 until the Renaissance when mathematical innovations interacting with new scientific discoveries led to a rapid increase in the present day.
Mathematics is used throughout the world as an essential tool in many fields, including natural science, engineering, medicine, and the social sciences.
Nowadays, all sciences suggest problems studied by maths and many problems arise within Maths itself. Often Maths inspired by one area proves useful in many areas. A distinction is often made between pure Maths and applied Maths. However pure Maths topics often turn out to have applications, e. g. number theory in cryptography and computer science.
Many mathematicians talk about the elegance of maths, its inner beauty. Simplicity and generality in Maths are valued.
MINI-DICTIONARY
Mathematics − the Language of Science
-
precise and concise statements
точні та стислі ствердження
common language
загальна мова
to conceal the meaning
приховувати значення
in this capacity
в цій якості
spoken language
розмовна мова
to influence our reasoning
впливати на наші міркування
signs and symbols
знаки і символи
purposefully designed
спеціально розроблений
to pervade / to permeate
проникати
verbal
словесний
literal notation
буквене позначення
successively through three stages
послідовно через три етапи
certain words of frequent use
певні слова частого використання
a similar metamorphosis
аналогічні/подібні метаморфози
abbreviated algebra
скорочена алгебра
to denote the unknown magnitudes
позначати невідомі величини
vowels and consonants
голосні та приголосні
the given quantities
задані величини
calculus symbol
символ обчислення
to grasp
зрозуміти
insoluble by other methods
нерозв'язний іншими методами
ambiguity
двозначність
susceptible
вразливий/сприйнятливий
to superscribe
робити надпис зверху
a product of social development
продукт суспільного розвитку
a convenient shorthand
зручне скорочення
a powerful technique
могутній спосіб/потужна техніка
to take the form (of)
набирати вигляду
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