12. Match the words with their definitions.

    1	experiment	d	is a test under controlled conditions that is made to demonstrate a known truth, examine the validity of a hypothesis, or determine the efficacy of something previously untried.
    2	effect	a	is something brought about by a cause or agent; a result.
    3	observation	e	is the act of noting and recording something
    4	discovery	b	is the process of learning something that was not known before, or of findings someone that was missing or hidden
    5	procedure	c	is a process or series of acts especially of a practical or mechanical nature involved in a particular form of work
    6	to perform	k	to begin and carry through to completion; do
    7	to contribute	g	to give or supply in common with others
    8	to explore	f	to investigate systematically; examine
    9	exploitation	h	the act of employing to the greatest possible advantage
    10	to blend	i	cause (something) to be mixed with (something else)
    11	revelation	j	the act of disclosing

13. Find 10 words from the table above.

    e	x	p	e	r	i	m	e	n	t	r	p
    x	a	q	x	c	t	z	x	y	k	h	r
    p	w	z	p	e	r	f	o	r	m	g	o
    l	w	s	l	q	g	k	f	z	i	j	c
    o	v	c	o	n	t	r	i	b	u	t	e
    r	q	d	i	s	c	o	v	e	r	y	d
    e	l	m	t	v	a	w	r	f	q	k	u
    m	n	k	a	t	j	g	i	f	e	t	r
    t	o	e	t	f	u	p	q	e	m	n	e
    r	y	w	i	d	k	i	r	c	q	s	f
    k	j	h	o	m	l	y	s	t	b	a	i
    b	l	e	n	d	t	q	i	k	w	n	v
    w	x	r	e	v	e	l	a	t	i	o	n

14. Fill in the word(s) from the list below. Use each word only once. Translate the collocations into Ukrainian.

    1	extensive observations	6	many noteworthy scientists
    2	to motivate scientists	7	control and test groups
    3	technical procedures, explorations or activities	8	to perform experiments
    4	a common misconception	9	the pursuit of knowledge
    5	to blend the quest of pure science	10	to pursue any goal

15. Arrange the following words according to

similar meaning: accurately, properly, procedure, process, goal, objective, sole, solitary, evidence, proof, exploitation, usage;

opposite meaning: encourage, discourage, noteworthy, insignificant, misconception, concept, crucial, noncrucial, damage, improve, order, disorder.

16. Match the words and expressions with their translation.

1	accurately	c	точно
2	constraints of time	g	обмеження часу
3	to fund	e	фінансувати
4	the inability to control	b	неможливість контролювати
5	all hands-on experiences	d	весь практичний досвід
6	misconception	i	неправильне уявлення
7	to accompany	f	супроводити
8	the quest of pure science	j	пошук чистої науки
9	to pursue any goal	a	переслідувати будь-які цілі
10	applied science	h	прикладна наука

17. Fill each gap with the appropriate word from the list below.

scientists, proof, discovery, scientific, considered, inevitable, frequently, science, criticize.

First, even if individuals understand that 1) scientific laws are equal in importance to theories, they rarely appreciate that all knowledge in science is tentative, occasionally seeing 2) “proof” in science equal to proof in mathematics. The issue of tentativeness is part of the self-correcting aspect of science but one that those who fault science 3) frequently ignore. Creationists, for instance, are quick to 4) criticize science by pointing to the 5) discovery of several teeth found in Nebraska early in this century (Gould, 1991). Initially, these teeth were 6) considered to have come from a primitive human, but were later found to be those of an extinct pig. 7) Scientists made both the initial identification and the later revision, but those who would like to fault 8) science only discuss the error, while rarely mentioning the 9) inevitable correction.

18. Choose the correct answer.

1. However, a __________ of science is that it is subject to revision when new information is presented.

   A badge

   B hallmark

   C device

   D index

2. Accumulated _________ can provide support, validation and substantiation for a law or theory, but will never prove those laws and theories to be true.

   A evidence

   B support

   C view

   D evolution

3. The problem of induction argues against proof in science, but there is another element of this myth worth _____________.

   A travelling

   B exploiting

   C using

   D exploring

4. They are careful in the analysis of evidence and in the ________ applied to arrive at conclusions.

   A courses

   B transactions

   C activities

   D procedures

5. Another aspect of the inability of scientists to be objective is found in theory-laden _________, a psychological notion.

A obscurity

B occasion

C observation

D offence

19. Work in small groups. Match 1-5 with a-e to make sentences.

1.	The result of the lack of oversight has recently put	d	science itself under suspicion.
2.	An interesting corollary to this myth is that scientists rarely	a	report valid, but negative results.
3.	Humans are the producers of new knowledge and	e	also the arbiters of what counts as new knowledge.
4.	Nothing could be farther from	c	the truth.
5.	I could not help making hypotheses	b	about everything I saw. Darwin