- •Аннотация
- •Содержание
- •I. Read and translate the text
- •Vocabulary
- •II. Answer the questions
- •III. Make up your own sentences with the vocabulary
- •IV. Complete the sentences
- •V. Agree or disagree with the statements
- •VI. Prepare a summary of the text
- •VII. Retell the summary grammar: complex object
- •Exercises
- •Не did it. They saw it. - They saw him do it.
- •Additional study: world’s wonders
- •I. Read and translate the text
- •The Pharos was a tower of white marble built 270 вс. Of all the Seven Wonders of the world only the pyramids have endured to modern times.
- •Vocabulary
- •II. Make up your own sentences with the vocabulary
- •III. Answer the questions
- •IV. Make a test
- •V. Retell the text unit 2 lexical material: construction works
- •I. Read and translate the text
- •Vocabulary
- •II. Make up your own sentences with the vocabulary
- •III. Answer the questions
- •IV. Complete the sentences
- •V. Put all types of questions to the sentence
- •VI. Retell the text grammar: complex subject
- •Exercises
- •It is believed that the poem was written by Byron.
- •Additional study: the history of architecture
- •I. Read and translate the text
- •II. Give translation of the following words and phrases:
- •III. Answer the questions
- •IV. Complete the sentences
- •Unit 3 lexical material: history of construction
- •Vocabulary
- •Introduction – внедрение, введение
- •Inventor – изобретатель
- •II. Make up your own sentences with the vocabulary
- •III. Answer the questions
- •IV. Complete the sentences
- •V. Agree or disagree with the statements
- •VI. Put all types of questions to the sentences
- •VII. Retell the text grammar: mood
- •Exercises
- •If he were attentive, he would not make many mistakes.
- •If you (to be) free, I (to come) to see you.
- •If I (to see) her, I (to be) glad.
- •Additional study: modern architecture
- •I. Read and translate the text
- •II. Give translation of the following words and phrases:
- •III. Answer the questions
- •IV. Complete the sentences
- •V. Make up dialogues on the following situations:
- •VI. On the basis of the text “Modern architecture” you are to write your own composition
- •VII. Retell your composition unit 4 lexical material: building mechanisms
- •I. Read and translate the text
- •Vocabulary
- •Industry – промышленность
- •Interval – промежуток
- •II. Make up your own sentences with the vocabulary
- •III. Answer the questions
- •IV. Complete the sentences
- •V. Put all types of questions to the following sentences
- •VI. Make up dialogues on the following situations
- •VII. Make up a summary of the text
- •VIII. Retell the text “Building mechanisms” using the text grammar: compound sentences
- •The Compound Sentence
- •Разбор сложно-сочинённого предложения
- •Analysis of a Compound Sentence
- •Exercises
- •Additional study: building’s history
- •I. Read and translate the text
- •Vocabulary
- •Invention – изобретение
- •Industry – промышленность
- •Various – различный
- •II. Make up your own sentences with the vocabulary
- •III. Answer the questions
- •IV. Complete the sentences
- •V. Put all types of questions to the sentences
- •VI. Retell the text unit 5 lexical material: bridge and tunnel buildings
- •I. Read and translate the text
- •Vocabulary
- •II. Make up your own examples with the vocabulary
- •III. Answer the questions
- •IV. Complete the sentences
- •V. Find in the text information about:
- •VI. Make up dialogues on the following situations
- •VII. Make up a summary of the text
- •VIII. Retell the text grammar: sequence of tenses
- •Exercises
- •Mother told me that she needed to talk to me.
- •Образец: Helen said, "Where do you live?" - Helen asked where I lived.
- •Additional study: canals
- •I. Read and translate the text
- •II. Give translation of the following words and phrases:
- •III. Answer the questions
- •IV. Say what is right and what is wrong and why
- •V. Find in the text the most important information about:
- •VI. Retell the text “Interesting facts about canals” unit 6 lexical material: concrete panels
- •I. Read and translate the text
- •II. Give translation of the following words and phrases:
- •III. Answer the questions
- •IV. Complete the sentences
- •Grammar: reported speech
- •Exercises
- •She says, "I have to go." - She says (that) she has to go.
- •Не asks, "Are you ready to go out?" -He asks if I am ready to go out.
- •Не asks, "Where has she gone?" - He asks where she has gone.
- •Additional study: curtain walling
- •I. Read and translate the text
- •II. Give translation of the following words and phrases:
- •III. Answer the questions
- •IV. Complete the sentences
- •V. Put all types of questions to the sentences
- •VI. Make up dialogues
- •A curtain walling specialist is being interviewed by the reporter about curtain walling in general;
- •A student is having a practice on a curtain walling factory and asks the chief engineer about curtain wailing’s properties;
- •The student is passing a test and tells his teacher about fastening devices and fire resistance
- •VII. Retell the text список используемых материалов литература
- •Интернет источники
Vocabulary
to dwell - обитать, жить, проживать
cave – пещера
dried – высушенный
sunshine – солнечный свет
temple – храм
palace – дворец
to erect – воздвигать
to commemorate – увековечивать
pillar – столб, колонна
practicalness – практичность
pile – свая, стол
manufacture производство
kiln – обжиговая печь, сушильная печь
to protect – защищать
well – колодец
dome – купол
completely – полностью
durable – прочный
II. Answer the questions
How did people make their homes in hot countries?
Where did people learn to use sun-dried mud bricks?
What did the ancient Egyptians discover?
What did the ancient Egyptians often erect?
How did the ancient Greeks understand the art of building?
What did the Romans use in road works?
What is lime?
Who gave an idea of a kiln for lime?
Where are the remains of kilns still situated?
What was a province of the Roman Empire for about four centuries?
Who designed many ancient buildings in Rome?
What happened after the fall of the Empire?
What was reflected in many ways?
How were Roman traditions continued?
How many years did London Bridge take to build?
What ids concrete?
What was discovered in Mexico and Peru?
Who was the first to use concrete throughout the ancient Roman Empire?
III. Make up your own sentences with the vocabulary
IV. Complete the sentences
Many thousands of years ago there were …
Later people left their caves and trees and began to …
The ancient Egyptians discovered how to …
The ancient Greeks often used pillars, partly for …
… is one of the oldest industries used by man.
… were extremely inefficient.
Hadrian suggested the absolutely new for that time idea of …
In a period of 800 to 900 years the Romans developed …
… was reflected in many ways. Buildings combined the Roman arch and the steep peaked roof of Northern Europe.
… took thirty-three years to build.
… produced its own type of architecture and building materials.
One of the most recent discoveries is …
There are evidences that …
It consisted of mud, clay and pure lime, which …
V. Agree or disagree with the statements
In colder countries people dwelt in caves.
In ancient Egypt especially, people learned to use concrete.
The ancient Egyptians erected bridges.
Whereas the ancient Greeks tried to show the impression of greatness, might, and practicalness, the Roman architecture produces the idea of harmony and pure beauty in their buildings.
The Romans were great bridge, harbor and road builders.
One of the Romans, Marcus Porcius Cato, gave an idea of a kiln for lime, production: its shape and dimensions.
Germany was a province of the Roman Empire for about four centuries.
Many ancient buildings in Rome were designed by Adrian as well as by other Roman emperors.
The knowledge of how to make durable concrete has been lost for centuries.
Roman traditions were continued in the architectural form known as Roman Style.