II abuilt-inbed,asonashiportrain

alowerIupperberth;

aretumberth

tooccupyItakeIbookIreserveaberth

togetonatrainIboatIbus

•Weboardedthetrainat10o'clock.

_{•Flight516isboardingatGate3.}

379

boardaboard

hoardingcardhoardinghousebook

booking

camp

_{" thesideofaship}

onboardaship;goonboard

•Theywent011hoardinOdessa.

adv onatrainIshipIplane

•Thecaptaina11dhiscrewwelcomedthepas.\·engersaboard

Flight/79.

•Allaboard!usedtotellpassengersofaship,buortrainthattheymustgetonbecauseitwillleavesoon.

n thecardthatyoushowwhenyougetonaplaneorboat

aboardingpassAmE

" aprivatehousewherepeoplecanpayforaccommodationandmeals

v toengageaheadoftime

tobookaticketIberthIseatIroomIcabtnIholiday

•Youctmbookbytelephone.

•Webookedseatsinadvanceasthetrainslverecrowded.

•ShewastoldtheI2./Oflightwasjit!frbooked.

n anarrangementthatyoumakeinadvancetodosmth

abookingfomlIofficeIclerkIhall

tomakeabooking

totakebookings

•Earlybookingisstronglyrecommended.

n aplacewherepeopleliveintentsorhutstopitchImakecamp

atenniscamp

asummercamp

•Shespenttwoweeksatacamp.

_{•Let'sreturntocamp.}

ump v

campbed n

camper II

campsite, n

campingsite

cancel l'

380

gocamping

alightnarrowbedthatyoucanfoldupandcarryeasilyacampcotAm£

apconwhogoescamping

aplacewherepeopleputuptheirtents,parktheircaravan,etc.

acampgroundAm£

todecidethatsmththathasbeenanangcdwillnotnowtakeplace

•Allflightsha1·eheencancelled/>,•cause{fbad1veather.

^{cancellation n} _•!Jeavyseascancausecancellationofferryservices.

^{cancellations=ticketsthathavebeenreturned}

^{•Arethereanycancellationsforthetrip?}

captain n ^{someonewhocommandsashiporaircraft}

_•^{Thecaptainandcrewwelcomeyouaboard.}

cargo.ship	n	ashipwhichcarriesloads
carriage	n	avehiclethatmovesonrails But:aguard'svan;asmokingcar;
		adiningIbuffetIrestaurantcar (Infml)asleeper;asmoker;anon-smoker

_• ^{Theyhadamealinthedining-car.}

_• ^{Ifyourjourneyislongyoucanhaveabedinasleeper.}

^{• Shedoesn'tlikegoingonalongjourneyinasmoker.}

change ^{v toleaveonetrainIbusIshipandboardanothert}ochangeforatrain;tochangefromtraintoboat

_•^{WheredoIchangeforParis?}

charge v ^{toaskpaymentfor}

•^{Ifyoudon'tcheckoutonFridayanextradaymustbecharged.}

charge n ^{cost;payment;expense}

atachargeof60pence;anexcessluggagecharge

_•Shehadtopayanexcessluggagechargeasitwasthreekilosoverweight.

•^{Morningteaisservedatachargeoftenpence.}

check ^{n anactofmakingsurethatsmthissafe,correct,etc.byexaminin}git

asecuritycheck

•^{Thepassengerwassearched.Itwasasecuritycheck.}

check	v		totest,toverifybyexaminationorcomparisontocheck-in=toregisterinahotel/airport
			tocheckout=topayandleaveahotel
class			businessclass-travellingconditionsonanaircraftthatarc
		moreexpensivethaneconomyclassbutnotasexpensiveas
		firstclass;
		economyclass-thecheapestclassofseatsinaplane
		firstclass-thefirstandmostexpensiveseatsinaplane
		touristclass-thecheapeststandardoftravellingconditions
		onaplaneIship,etc.
		toflyItravelbusinessclassIeconomyclass,etc.
		firstclassIeconomyclasspassenger
		secondclass-awayoftravelling,esp.onatrainthatis
		cheaperbutnotascomfortableasfirstclass

381

coach ^{n abuswithcomfortableseatsusedforlongjoumeyst}oworkoncoachtoursBrE

^{•Wewetrlbycoachandsatupthewholenight.}

compartment n afirst-classcompartment;asecond-classcompartment;

,,

asleepingcompartment

^{conveyor(belt)} acontinuousmovingbandusedfortransportingsuitcasesfromonepartofanairporttoanother

Syn:carrouselBr£IcarouselAm£

_{costly adj Syo:expensive}

^{•Carsarecostlynowadays.}

"

courier apersonwhotsemployedbyatravelcompanytogiveadv1ccandhelptoagroupoftouristsonholidayBrE

crash n anaccident,asmashupanaeroplaneIcarcrash

^{•Manypeopledon'tflybecausetheyarescaredofplanecrash.}

crew n ^{allthepeopleworkingonaship,plane,etc.the}flightcrew

•^{Theseplanescarryover300passengersandcrew.}

cruise n aseavoyagefromporttoport,esp.apleasuretrip

^{•Theroughseadidn'tdiminishthethrillofthecruise.}

customs n 1.taxesimposedonimportedgoods

2.anoffice

_•AttheentranceofItotheClL'itomso,fficethecustomsofficercheckedtheirpassports.

acustomshallcustomsdutyIduties

topaycustomsonsmthtogothroughcustoms

completeItillinacustomsdeclarationIform

deck /I thefloorofashipondeckaship

^{•ComingondeclctheysawthecoastofFrance.}

^{delay 11} aperiodoftimewhensmbIsmthhastowaitbecauseofaproblemthatmakessmthsloworlate

adelayof2hoursIatwo-hourdelay

todosmthwithoutdelay=immediately

^{delay v} _•Thousandsofcommutersweredelayedforoveranhour.

^{depart v} _{toleaveaplace,csp.tostartatrip}

^{•FlightsforHelsinkidepartfromTerminal4.}

382

departure

destinationdue

duty

duty-free

farenight

n theactofleavingaplace

thedepartureloungeItimeIgate

thedeparturesboard

•Flightsshouldbeconfirmed48hoursbeforedeparture.

•Afiercheckinginfortheflightthepassengerswentrothedeparturelounge.

11 theplacetowardwhichoneisgoingholidaydestinations

•Thetownisapopulardestinationforart/overs.

ad) expectedorscheduledtoarrivebedueataplace

•TheMoscow-MinskExpresswasdueat10p.m.

n ataxthatyoupayonthingsthatyoubringintoacountrycustomsIexciseIimportduties

dutyonwinetopayduty

ad) (ofgoods)thatyoucanbringintoacountrywithoutpaying

taxonthem

duty-freecigarettesIshopping

tobuysmthduty-free

n moneypaidfortransportation

•Yot1saveyourrailwayfaretravellingonfoot.

n I.ajourneymadebyair

asmoothIcomfortableIbumpyflightadomesticIaninternationalflight

•WemetonaflightfromParistoMinsk

2.aplanemakingaparticularjourney

•FlightBA1235isnowboardingatGate4.

_{ascheduledflight}

^{flightattendant} _"

hidcawa)' ⁿ

hitchhike ^v

hitchhiker 11

Syn:stewardess,airhostess

aplacewhereyoucangowhenyouwanttobealonetotravelbyaskingforfreeridesinotherpeople'scars

hostel II ^{alodgingplace,aninna}youthhostel

•Youthhostelsexisttoencouragepeopletoexplorethe

countryside.

^{youthhostellingBrE=theactivityofstayinginyouthhostels}

andwalkingbetweenthem

togoyouthhostelling

383

journey n ^{theactofgoingfromoneplacetoanother,usuallytakingalon}gtime

tomakeajourney,togoonajourney

_•^{It'satwoday'sjourneybytrain.}

_• ^{Shehadtomakethejourneyalone.}

^{• GoingonajourneyL'ialwaysexciting.}

land v Syn:touchdown

Ant:takeoff

_•^{Thecaptainannouncedthattheplanewouldlandin}

^{Londoninfivehours.}

luggage 11 baggageAm£

aluggagevan

carryonIhandluggagealuggagerack

aleftluggageoffice

_{port n ac1tywithaharbourwhereshipsloadandunloadcargo}

•^{ThelinercalledataportonthesoutherncoasttlAfrica.}

promenade 1l I.apublicplaceforwalking,usuallyawidepathbesidethesea

2.awalkthatyoutakeforple-asurebythesea,inapublicpark,etc.^prome'^{nade v towalkupanddowninarelaxedwaybythesea,i.t1apark,etc.}

_•^{AISverdlovskthepassengersgotdowntopromenadeon}

theplatformwhiletheychangedthelocomotive.

reception	n	theareainsidetheentranceofahotel,anofficebuilding,etc.wherevisitorsgofirstwhentheyarrive
		•Youcanleaveamessagewithreceptioll.
		areceptiondesk
receptionist	tr	•Whe"arrivingatahotelyouaregreetedhyatrained
		receptionistatthereceptiondesk.
reserve	v	keepbackforoneself
		reserveseatsIberths
reservation	n	•TheyreservedseatsontheLondontrain. keepinganorderuntilcalledfor
		areservationfortwolowerberths
		holdthereservation,getreservation
		makeareservation
		changeIreconfirmthereservation

_•Sheaskedhimtosaveherthefirstcancellatimrsasnoreservationswereavailable.

areservationsdesk

^runway n alongnarrowstripofgroundwithahardsurfacethatanaircrafttakesofftromandlandson

•^{Thepilotmadeaperfectlandingonthenmway.}

384

sailor n ^{1.apersonwhomakeshislivingbysailing}

_•Theoldsailor'sstoryofhtstravelswaslistenedtowithgreatatlenrion.

2.apersonwhomakesatriponaship

•^{Nickisabadsailor,i.e.hefeelsseasickwhenatsea.}

sea ^{n acalmIheavyIroughIstormysea}

_•^{Theseawastooroughfarsailinginsmallboats.}

^{bysea=onaship}

atsea

_•Lifeatseawasnevereasy,andhewasalwayspleasedtobebackhome.

seasick ^adj _•Hefeelsseasickwhentheseaisrough.

seasickness,airsickness,motionsickness

•Hehasalwayssufferedfromseasickness.

security ^{n theacttitiesinvolvedinprotectingacountry,person,etc.again}sdanger,attack,etc.

airportIhotelsecurity

thesecurityforcesIservicesasecurityguard

asecuritycheck

self-catering ^{adj aholidaywhichprovidesyouWithaccommodatJOnandtheequipment}thatisnecessarytocookyourownmealsBrE

_•Allpricesarebasedonaweek'sself-cateringinsharedaccommodalion.

terminal

ticket

n ^{I.abuildingorsetofbuildingsatanairportwhereairpassenger}sarriveandleave

2.aplace,buildingwherejourneysbytrain,busorboatbegin

orend

arailwayIferryIbustenninal

n aprintedcardthatgivesonearight,astotravelinatrainIbus

asingleticketBrEIone-wayticketAmE

areturnticketBr£Iround-tripticketAm£

fixeddatetickettobookaticket

anopendateticketaticketcollector

_{aticketofficeImachine}

385

_I!1

tour n ajourneyinwhichashortstayismadeatanumberofplaceswiththeviewofsightseeing,thetravellerretumingtotheplacefromwhichhestarted

tomakeatourof(anumberofplaces)

togoonasightseeingtour

apackagetourBrEIapackageholidayAmE-=acompletelyplannedholidayarrangedbyacompanyatatixedprice,whichincludestravel,hotels,meals,etc.

aguidedtour

atourguideIoperator

_•OntheirSouthernEnglandlour/heyvisitedWindsor.

Oxford,Cambridge,Stratford-on-Avon,andthenc:ame

backtoLondon.

_I

^{tour v togotouring}

tourism ^{n thebusinessofprovidingthingsforpeopleplacesforthemtostay},entertain,etc,whiletheyareonholiday

_• ^{Thecountrydependsontourismformostofitsincome.}

tourist	n	touristindustryatouristoffice apopulartouristattractionIdestinationIresort
traln	n	athroughIdirectIexpressIovernight/inter-citytrain; thetrain'sschedule
		togetonIoffatrain
		tocatchItakeIgetatrain
		tochangetrains
traveJ	n	theactofmakingajourney,alongoneindistantorforeignplaceswiththeviewofdiscoveringsmthneworinsearchof
		pleasureandadventure

•^{ErnestHemingwaywroteabookaboulhistra,·elsin}

Africa.

^{travel v} totravelfirstclassIbusinessclass,etc.totravelbylandIseaIair

•^{Travellingbylandisconsideredbymanytohesajerthan}

travellingbyairorsea.

^{traveller n} travelerAmE;onewhichiskeenontravelling

Ant:ahome-lover,astay-at-homeIahome-staytype

386

tru\'clliog ^adj

trip ⁿ

\'Oyagc ⁿ

voyager _III

atravellers'chequeBrEItraveler'scheckAm£

•JohnisarmetravellerwhilehissisterAnnisahome-stcvf)pe.

trdvelingAmE

travellingexpenses

atravellingcompanion

abriefjourneyorexcursionmadebylandorwater

•TheHi/IOnsenjoyedtheirweek-endtriplotheseaside.

alongjourneyesp.bywaterorinspaceanaround-the-worldvoyage

togoonavoyage

•-Wouldyouliketogoonaseavoyage?

-Oh,no.I'msurelobeseasick.

someonewhomakeslongandaftendangerousjourneysonlhesea

!ILJ PHRASALVERBS

togetav.·.aytogetbacktocheckintocheckout

todropsomeoneoff

tolookround(somewhere)

topicksomeoneuptotakeoff

totouchdown

tosetoff

tostopoff

I IDIOMATICEXPRESSIONS

astone'sthrowawayTravelbroadensthemind.togetawayfromitall

inthemiddleofnowhere

offthebeatentrack

_{tobeswarmingwithpeople}

387

^REFERENCES

_I

^r:.

AbbsB.,FreebairnI.DevelopingStrateg(es.Harlow:Longman.1990.

AbbsB.,Freebaim/.Blueprint.London:Longman.1993.

Carlon-SprengerJ.GreenalfS.FlyingColours.Oxford:HeinemannInternational,1991.

Cosmopolitan.October.1994.

EastwoodJ.EnglishforTravel.Oxford.1994.

Glamour.August,1993.

WorkmanG.PhrasalVerbsandldroms.Oxford·UniversityPress,1993.HarmerJ.,RossnerRMorethanWords.Harlow:Longman.1991.lATEFLIssues.December1998-January1999.

JonesLIdeas.Cambr.:Univ.Press,1994.

JonesL.,AlexanderR..InternationalBusinessEnglishCambr.:Univ.Press,1989.

JonesLProgresstoFirstCertificate.Cambrtdge,1995.

JonesLNewProgresstoFirstCertificate.Cambr..Univ.Press,1998.

GoldmanL.GettingAlongwithIdioms.NewYork·MinervaBooks.1981

McCarthyV.,O'DellF.EnglishVocabularyinUse.Cambr.:Univ.Press,1995.

ParadeMagazine.July18,1999.

RedmanS.EllisRAWaywithWords.Cambr.:UnivPress,1990.

MaggioR.HowtoSayit.NewJersey:PrenticeHall,1990.

SealB.VocabularyBu1lder.Harlow:Longman,1992.

SheerinS,SeathJ.,WhiteJ.SpotlightonBritain.Oxford,1995.

StudentHandbook.ThamesValley:Univ.Press,1995.

TheGuardian.September,1996.

VinceMichael.AdvancedLanguagePractice.Oxford,1994.

VineuP..CurlinJ.SurvivalEnglishOxford:He1nemannInternational.1994.Watcyn-JonesP.TargetVocabulary.Harmondsworth:PenguinBooks,1995.Watcyn-JonesPTestYourVocabulary.London:PenguinBooks,1991

WellmanG.TheHeinemannEnglishWordbuilder.Oxford,1992.

WellmanG.Wordbi/der.Oxford:HeinemannInternational,1995.

CollinsConciseEnglishDictionaryandThesaurus.Glasgow:HarperCollinsPublishes,

1992

OxfordAdvancedLearner'sDictionaryofCurrentEnglishIEd.A.P.Cowie.-Oxford:Univ.Press,1990.

LongmanLanguageActivator.Harlow:LongmanGroupUKLtd,1996.LongmanDictionaryofContemporaryEnglish.HarlOW'LongmanHouse.1995.

LongmanDictionaryofEnglishLanguageandCulture.AddisonWesteyLongman,1998.

Webster'sClassicReferenceL1braryDiCtionary.-Ashland:Landolllnc.,1999.

388

COAEP)KAHE

^{Preface ..................... ........---...} ...........·---·-·-..···········...........4

PartI.CHOOSINGACAREER..........................................................................................................5

_{Unit1.PROFESSIONALACTIVITYASPARTOFHUMANLIFE....................................5}

Un1t2	JOBHUNTING	............	.............................................. ..33
Un1t3	TEACHINGASACAREER	........	.............................. 53

Umt4CAREERPROSPECTSFORLANGUAGESTUDENTS................................61

Vocabulary............. . .................... . ...........................................70

PartII.HEALTHYANDHAPPY.....................-.........................................-.....................................86

Unit1.ILLNESSESANDTHEIRTREARMENT..................................................... .....86

Unit2.SOCIALMALADIES..............................................................................141

Vocabulary. ...............................................................................................157

PartIll.FITANDWELL..................................................................................................................172

Un1t1WHYNOTTAKEUPSPORT?.......................................................................172

Umt2LIFESTYLEANDFITNESS .......................................................... 193

Vocabulary ............ ............................ 199

PartIV.THEPICTUREOFTHEWORLD.....................................................................................204

Unit1THEWORLDWOULDBEADULLPLACE................................................. .204

Un1t2DISCOVERINGGREATBRITAIN.................,........................................214

Unit3.BELARUS.........................................................................................251

Vocabulary...................................................................................263

PartV.HUSTLEANDBUSTLEOFCITYLIFE............................................................................275

Un1t1.LIVINGINABIGCITYISACHALLENGE..................................................... .275

Umt2THETHEATRE. .....................................................................307

Un1t3THECINEMA ......................................................................................317

Vocabulary ....... .................................................................................... 328

PartVI.GOINGPLACES............................................................................................................336

Un1t1ONTHEMOVE. .............................................................. 336

Un1t2GETIINGAWAYFROMITALL.......................................................... 356

Vocabulary.. ....................................................................... .379

REFERENCES........................................................................ ........388

389

noaonpocaMonroaoronp11otipereH61RKH11ro6paaTbC

noren.219-73-88,219-73-90,298-59-85,298-59-87

noceTI1TeKHI1)1(Hbl11HTepHeT-Mara311Hhttp:/lwww.lltera.by

CS.acToaeuPeHaTaBHKToposHaKoweneaaTaTbAHaVleaHOBHaTa6onM'tEneHaBnap,l!tMHpoeHa