Fitandwell!

UNIT1

WHYNOTTAKEUPSPORT?

_{FocusVocabulary}

Somepopularsports

archery

artisticgymnastics(callisthenics)

boxing

carImotorcycleracingcycling

diving

fencing

figure-skatinggliding

glidergymnasticshanggliding

mountaineeringrowmgandcanoeingskating

skiing

sld-jump

skydivingIparachuti11gswimming

weight-liftingwindsurfingwrestlingyachting

athleticsItrack-und-.field

discusIhammerIjavelinthrowinghighIlongItriplejump

hurdleracesmarathonpolevault

toraceItorunshot-pulling

_steeplechase

_{_j}

172 ^I

Somepopulargames

hadmi11tonhcl.\ketbulIcricket(BrE)

jootba/11smcer(AmE)

go({

lwckey'icehockey

d"ss

_JmuRht.

Openairgames

Ju.:tba/1(BrE)

polo

_-

rugby(c:ol/oq.rugger)(BrE)IAmerican.fvotba/1

(lawn)lefl/11.volleyballwaterpolo

Indoorgames

.'Wfll{lh

tabletellJII

gym(g_vmnmir1111j

CVItrl

COlll'\l'

pitch

arroH'bathowcluh

cue

_\ dart

oar

Competitionsites

playgroumlring

nnk

track

Sportingequipment

pacldll'puck

racket ⁽

rodIlinestickslwlllecmk

_Participants

crew(used{orspnrtsmenrowing01wilingahoat)

nationalIOlympic'collegeteam

umpire_...rt:,[ereeIjudgeopponentIrim/sportmumIathlete

sporlSWOIIIan

_sportspeople

chcllflpion.\hipcompetitioncontest

CllfJ

final.'i<'llll·:finul(.'liP

Competitions

games(O(rmpicGames)

match

1 Tuurrwmenr

173

_Audience

fan(colloq)

spe(:tator

sportsenthusia.\'l

^tofollow _•

tosupportto.houtfor

_{ScoringSystem}

best!record/fastesttime

tqbeat/todefeattodraw

goal

tolose

lo.fer

_point

runner-up

record .

tosetItobeatItobreakItoholdarecord .J

toscorescorevictory

_towin

WordsinCont@xt

Readthefollowingpassegeanddotheexercises.

WhyDoWeDoSport?

'- Sporthasplayedanimportantpartinourlivesformanycenturies.Forsomeitseemsasnecessaryandnaturalaseatingandsleeping,forothersitisjustenter·tainmentontelev1ston

Todayitiseasytoforgetthatsportissupposedtobe

forenjoyment,forthegoodfeelingthatisproducedwhenthebodyhasdonesomephysicalwork.Manypeoplenowadaysworkinofficeswheretheyhavetositatdesksforsixoreighthoursaday.Forthisreason,wefeeltheneedforexerciseattheendofthedayandturntosport,

Howbettertogetridoftensionorletoffsteamthantohitaballhardorgorunning?

Sport,then,shouldprovideanopportunityforpeopletoexpressthemselvesinawaythatisnotalwayspossibleinworklife.Itcanprovideachallengeandcanbreakdowneco­nomtcandsocialbarrters.Thus,aparticipantcanbecomegoodatsomethingpurelythroughhisorherability.

However,theseidealsdonotalwaysstandupwhenwelookatprofessionalsport.Inthissituation.sportseemslesstodowithenjoymentandmoretodowithmakingmoney.Topsportspeopleappeartoviewtheirsportasawayofmakingasmuchmoneyaspossi·bfeinasshortatimeaspdssible.A!aresultofthisdesire,someparticipantsarepreparedtotakedrugstohelptheirperformances-andthereforehelptheirbankbalances.Onthe

174

otherhand,wtlhoutthesepotentialrecord-breakingperformances,sportwouldnotbeasattracttvetowatchonTVThereisnodoubtthattelevisedsport1sgreatentertamment

ButsporthasbecometooconnectedtobigbusmessSponsorshipadvert1s1ngandap­

pearancemoneyfortopsportspeoplehavealliedtoaSituationwhereitsomettmesseemsthattheathletecomessecondtotheaccountant.

Tosumupsportatanamateurlevelshouldbeforenjoymentandfttness,andshould

prov1deanoutletforsurplusenergy.Atthesametime.wehavetosaythatprofessionalsportseemstohavelosttheseaimsandisnowbeingusedbysomepurelyasawayofmak1ngmoney

-

_{Ex.1Puteachofthesesportsintooneofthethreegroups.}

⁽

volleyball JUdo tabletennts

sathng cychng footballgolf handball tennisswtmmtng boxing basketball

sportsplayedInteams		sports tha1canbe playedaaalnstoneotherperson	sportsthatcanbeplayedalone
t--

^,_'

_{Ex.2Whichofthesportsarethesepeopleprobablytalkingabout?}

hanggltd1ngwtnd-surfmg

snookerIpool/billiardsmotorracing

bowlsdarts

horse-ndtng

1.'Theballhasanaturalcurveonitsoitdoesn'tgoinastraightltneonthegrass.

2.'Provtdedtt'snottoowindyatthetop,there'snoproblem'

3.'Itismcredtblynotsy.fastanddangerous,butit'sreallyexcttlngtowatch·

4.'Yougetsoreatfirstandcanhardlysitdown,butyougetusedtoitafterawhile.'

5.'It'sallamatterofbalancereally.'

6.'Youneedagoodeyeandalotofconcentration'

7'Itisn'teasyatalltohittheballintothepocket.'

_{Ex.3Collectthewordsfromthelisttofillthethreeboxes.}

(

basketball.cncket,golf.squash.polo.tabletennis.football.tennts.volleyball.icehockey,waterpolo

_{[Gimespliyedw1a7t/I Gamesplayed ,. Gamesplayedwitha...}

betweentwote4/.!!!

j l-'a:..:c.:.:..Jile::.:.tr...c:::..:.;lu=-=bst::.::ic:.:..:kL.:b=-='t__J

_{Canyouthinkofmoregameswhichyoucanaddtothislist?}

175

_{Ex.4Findasmanycombinationsaspossible.}

basketballboxingcricketfootballgoff

icehockey

runningskatingsquashswimmingtenniSvolleyball

ringracketstickbootsgloves

course

'lcourtclubp1tch

batrinktrackpoolracket

costumetablepuck

_net

_{Ex.5Makecompoundnouns,/Ikethis:shoesforrunning-runningshoes}

shoesforrunnmgshortsfortennissocksforfootball

ballforcncketwinnerofthematchscorerofthegoal

playerofsquashmemberoftheclub

Ex.SWhatdoyouholdInyourhand?

golfsquashtennisbadmintondartsarcherycricket

_tabletennis

baseballhockeysnookerpoolbilliardscanoeingrowingfeshing

bat rodIWne club bow paddle t oar cue

1-Ex.7Whatdoyoucallapersonwho•••?

a)doesthelong-jump?along-jump&r e)doesgymnastics?

b)rideshorsesinraces? f) playshockey?

c)dnveacarsinraces? g)pfayafootball?·

d)throwsthediscusIjavelin? h)doesthepole-vault?

176

_{Ex.8Fillthegapswithsuitableverbs.}

1Weremanyrecords------------attheOlympics?

2.We'vebeen somanytimeswedeservetobebottomof

theleague!

' ^{3 Congratulations!Howmanypointsdid):OU by?}

4.Who theworldrecordforthe1000metres?IsitaRus-

sian?

5.Ionlyeveronce--------agoal,andthatwassheerluck.

6 Liverpool Hamburg4-2yesterday.

ClassCommunication

Questionnaire

_{UsingthisQuestionnaireInterviewyourpartnerthenspeakaboutyourpartners}

^{attitudetokeepingnt.}

_{1.Wouldyoudescribeyourselfas:}

Veryfit

Quitefit

Average

_Unfit

youthinkphysicalfitnessIsImportant?

Yes No

2.

Doyouevergetoutofbreath?

Canyoutouchyourtoes(withoutbendingyourknea)?Canyourun1km?

Canyouhangfromabar,supportingyourownweightfor20seconds?

_I

3.DoesyourdailyroutineInvolveanyphysicalexertion?

Yes No

4.Doyoutakeregularexercise?

^{Yes No}

177

_{5.Ifyoutakeregularexercise,howoftendoyoutakeIt?}

Everyday

_{Everyotherday}

Morethanonceaweek

_Onceaweek

Less

_{6./fyoutakeregularexercise,inwhichofthefollowingwaysdoyoutakeIt?}

Sport

Jogging

SWimming f

Other(Whatotherways?---J

Dance

Cycling

Keep-f1texerc1ses

YogaWalk1ngAerobics

_Shap1ng

^{7.Ifyouplayasport,Iit:} _,

AteamgameCompetitiveOrganised

Amateur

Professional

_{8.Doyoupossessanysportsequipment?}

^Yes No

_{/fso,what?_· _}

_{9.DoyouIDidyouplayanysportsatschool?}

^Yes No

Ifso,whichones? _Howoften?--------

_{10.DoyouIDidyouhaveP.E.(PhysicalEducation)classesatschool?}

Yes No

_{Ifso.howoften?------}

11.DoyouthinksportsorP.E.shouldbeacompulsorypartoftheschoolcur­

riculum?

^Yes No

12.Why?IWhynot?-----------

178

Lookthroughtheinformationonsportsandsayinwhatwayeacf?sportisbenefi­

cialforyourhealthandwhatitrequiresfromapersonwhodecidestotakeitup.

Athletics

Allbranchesofathleticsarebeneficial.You,reallyneedtobededicatedtoenJOYthem/asthiS1snotadv1sableforanyonewhodidnotenJOYsportpreviously

Boxing

Th1sisexcellentforarmsandlegsandgoodforletting-offsteamYouhavetobelightonyourfeet,even1fyouareaheavy-weight.andthatmaybewhymostboxersareexcellentdancers f

Climbing

Th1sisgoodforsmgle-minded,andexercisesarmsandlegsverywell.Psychologicalmake-upisimportantinclimbing-youneedtobethecalm,resourcefultypeandhavegreatpowersofconcentration.Amateursmustnot,ofcourse.attemptdifficultclimbsaloneorinbadweather-theycaneasilyendupstranded.

FootballandRugby

Thesearebothverygoodforlegmusclesandgeneralfitness.Thedisadvantage1sthesummerrestbetweenseasons.Andwhenyouareplayingavo1dfatten1ngdrinksandsnacksafterthegame

Gymnastcs

Thesearemarvlousfordevelopingasenseofgraceandpo1seaswellasbemggoodformusclesgenerallyTh1s1sanIncreasinglypopularsportwhtchcouldbewellworthconsid­eringseriously1fyouaref1t,agileandhaveagoodsenseofbalance

Riding

Rtding1sbecomtngmoreandmorepopular,anditiscertainlyagoodwayofgettingawayfrom1tall.ItisexcellentforpostureandcanbenefitthighmusclesThemajordisadvan­tage1sthat1tsometimesproduceslargebuttocks.

₎

Skating

Th1sisgreatfun,andisgoodforlegs,anklesandgeneralpostureandhasadefiniteairofglamourabouttt,too.ItIS,however,probablybetterstartedyoung-childrentendtofalltessdums1ly

Squash

Th1s1sgoodformax1mumexercise1nm1nimumt1me.FortymtnutesforagameisusuallyquiteenoughYouneedtobeagile.wiryandhaveagoodeye.SquashISanexcellentwin­tercho1ceas1tISplayedindoors.

179

_Swimming

_/

^{Thisisanotherexcellentall-yeaHoundsport.Sadly,manyadultsforgetaboutsenous}

swtmmingoncethetrschooldaysareover.Butatisasplendidsporttofollowwithyo_,urchildren,andprov1desgoodexerciseformostpartsofthebody.Breaststroke,inparticu-larisexcellentforth1ghmuscles(

^\ Tennis

Soc1allytennis1sgreatfunbutyouneedtobefairlyproficientbeforeJOinmgaclub.Itpro­VIdesexcellentgeneralexercise.too.

ClassCommunication

Task1

WorkmtwoteamsIneachteamonepersonconfessesthatsheIheisnothappyaboutherIh1sstamtnaorsheIhehasaweightproblem.(Trytodescribeandetatlhowyoufeel).Thegroupgiveadvice,eachstudentadvocatesadifferentsport

_LJWriting

\

Writeaboutasportoragameyouenjoymostasaparticipantoraspectator.

TheVIllageSports

Formanypeople,sportisaquestionofwinningandlosing.NotethenumerousexpressionsconcerningsportingsuccessandfailureInthetext.

Thesportswereheldasusualontherecreationfield,nexttotheglovefactory.Offi­

cialsoutnumberedspectators,butthereweremorecompetitorsthaneverbefore.

Maggiewasthestar,asalways.Apartfromwinningthewoman'ssprintsandtyingforthefirstplacemthelongjump.shewasthechampionagaininthe(approximately)50metresfreestyleretaininghertitleforthefifthtime.Shetedfromstarttofinishtntherunning-theothersdidn'tstandacHance-andshewasInaclassofherownintheswamm1ng11wasawalk-over.completelyone-sided.Shewasacrossthatpondandbackbeforesomehadreachedtheotherside.

Dadd1dwelltooTherewasafieldoffifteenforthe400metres-tothebtcycleshedandback-andDadwasanoutsiderbeforetheracebecausehe'sunfit;butheexcelledhimselfandcamesecond.Washeproudofh1srunner's-upmedal?Youshouldhaveseenhtm'

180

Ourfam1lywerereigningchampoinsinthefive-a-sidefootballcompetitionandhotfavouritestowinthecupagain:Wedid,butonlyjust.Thefinal-againstouroldrivals,theLavenders-finishedinadraw,despitetwoown-goalsbyUncleMac,andwekeptthetrophyongoaldifferencefromearlierrounds.

Afterthat.thingsbegantogowrongandwesufferedanumberofdefeats.UncleMacandlittleDonaldwereinaphotofinishforlastplaceinthefather-and-sonrace-orwouldhavebeenifsomeonehadhadacamera.TheywerejustaboutovertakenonthelinebyoldMrGreywithhisfifty-year-oldsononhisback:itwasprobablyadead-heat.actually

Thenwewereoutclassedintheboxing.UncleBillwasabeatenfinalistatmiddle­

weight.butUncleMacwasknockedoutinthesecondroundatheavyweightandatlightweightIwasstoppedinthefirstround.(IswearthatBobbyLavenderisover50kilos.)

Becauseofmydisappointingperformanceinthatevent,Iwasrelegatedtothesubsti­

tutes'benchforthetug-of-warandAuntFlossiewaspromotedtoourfirstteam.IfeltsoashamedOuropponentsinthefirstheatwerethebutcher'sfamilyfromNumber15andtheyslaughteredus.\

Thenthingswentfrombadtoworse.Grannywaswellbeatenintheover70s'200-metreshandicap.Shewastowardsthebackofthefieldformostoftheraceandfailed

^{tofinishthecoursemtheend.Then,AuntJ.eJanehadallkindsofproblemsinthesack­}

raceandwasjustanalso-ran.Shedidgetansolatlonprizeforfinishing-twomin­utesaftertheothers-butwehadbeenhopingforavictoryinthatevent.Andthen,worstofall,Grandadwasdisqualifiedintheegg-and-spoonraceforhavingstucktheeggtothespoon.What'smore,he'sbeenbannedfromenteringthecompetitionforfiveyears.

I'venoticedoverthepastfewyearshowthevillagesportshavebeengettingmoreand

moreserious.It'sapity,really.Iblametelevision...foreverything.

WordMeaning

_{Ex.9FindtheEnglishequivalents.}

1.nerKa.Rno6eAa

2neper.RrneaHeKaHaTa

3.CKaMeKaaanacHx

4.6erBMBUJK8X

5')a6er

6.npee30Tce6.R

7eiilHe6bln0paBHbiX

8.He1.1MeTbHI.1KaKOfOUJ3HC8

9.KomNecraoy4aCTHKoecopeeHOBaHIII.R

'10.C0Xp8Hio1TbTI.1Tyn

11.yTewVIrenbtibtlfinpVJ

12OAHOBpeMeHHbltil,4>HW

,

1.nerKa.RnepaMora