
- •О.М. Михайлова-Пехан, г.Я. Наконечна
- •Вінниця вдту 2002
- •6.3 Вживання герундія ………….....……………………....................81
- •(The Infinitive)
- •Exercise 1. Make up five sentences from each table.
- •Exercise 12. Translate the following sentences into Ukrainian paying attention to active and passive forms of the Infinitive:
- •Exercise 13. Translate the following sentences into Ukrainian paying attention to the Perfect Infinitive:
- •Exercise 16. Translate the following sentences into Ukrainian paying attention to different functions of the Infinitive:
- •2 Об‘єктний інфінітивний комплекс (The Objective Infinitive complex) або складний додаток (The complex object)
- •I suppose that the velocity of movement changes.
- •I suppose the velocity of movement to change.
- •( Складний додаток )
- •3 Суб’єктний інфінітивний комплекс (The Subjective Infinitive Complex)
- •3.1 Переклад суб'єктного інфінітивного комплексу на українську мову
- •Дієприкметник (the participle)
- •4.1 Вживання дієприкметників Present Participle Active
- •Present Participle Passive
- •Past Participle
- •Perfect Participle Active
- •Perfect Participle Passive
- •Exercise 4. Translate the following word-combinations into English.
- •Exercise 5. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian paying attention to Participle I and Participle II and their functions in the sentence.
- •Exercise 6. Express the idea contained in the clause by the Participle complex.
- •Exercise 7. Make up five sentences from each table.
- •Exercise 8. Transform the following sentences using participle phrases instead of the subordinate clauses.
- •Exercise 9. Replace one of the homogeneous predicates by Participle I.
- •Exercise 10. Find the participles, state their form and function in the sentence. Translate the sentences.
- •Exercise 11. Translate the following sentences paying attention to the difference
- •In translation between Participle I and Participle II.
- •Exercise 12. Translate the following sentences paying attention to participles. Define their functions.
- •Exercise 13. Translate the Ukrainian words and word-combinations given in brackets using Participle I or Participle II.
- •Exercise 14. Translate the following sentences into English using the participles.
- •Exercise 15. Make up five sentences from each table paying attention to the Objective Participle Complex.
- •Exercise 16. Transform the following complex sentences into simple ones using the Objective Participle Complex.
- •In the field.
- •Exercise 18. Paraphrase the following sentences using the Objective Participle Complex.
- •Exerrise 19. Translate into English using the Objective Participle Complex.
- •Exercise 20. Translate the following sentences into Ukrainian paying attention to the participles.
- •Exercise 21. Open the brackets using the Present Participle or the Perfect Participle.
- •Exercise 22. Open the brackets using Participle I or the Perfect Participle. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian.
- •Exercise 23. Find the participles in the following sentences and translate them
- •Into Ukrainian.
- •Exercise 24. Find Participle II in the following sentences and translate them
- •Into Ukrainian.
- •Exercise 25. Translate the following sentences into Ukrainian paying attention to different functions of the participles.
- •Exercise 26. From each pair of sentences make one sentence using Participle I. Example: She was sitting in an armchair. She was reading a book. - She was sitting in an armchair reading a book.
- •Exercise 30. This exercise is similar but this time you have to make a complex with Participle II.
- •Exercise 31. Complete these sentences with the following verbs. Each time you have to put the verb in the correct form:
- •Exercise 32. Translate the following sentences into Ukrainian paying attention to the forms and functions of the participles.
- •Exercise 33. Translate the sentences paying attention to different forms of the participles.
- •Exercise 34. Find the predicate first, then define the function of the participles in the sentences and translate them into Ukrainian.
- •Exercise 35. Translate the following sentences into Ukrainian paying attention to Participle I and Participle II.
- •Exercise 36. Write questions to the italicized parts of the sentence.
- •Exercise 37. Translate the following sentences from Ukrainian into English.
- •Exercise 38. Translate the following sentences into Ukrainian paying attention to the participles.
- •Exercise 40. State the forms and functions of the participles; translate the following sentences into Ukrainian.
- •Exercise 41. Translate the following sentences into Ukrainian paying attention to the translation of Participle II with adverbial modifiers:
- •Exercise 45. State the forms and functions of the participles and translate the sentences into Ukrainian.
- •Exercise 46. Translate the following sentences into Ukrainian paying attention to the functions of Participle I and Participle II.
- •Exercise 47. Put questions to the words and word-combinations in bold type. Translate the sentences paying attention to the participles.
- •5 Незалежний дієприкметниковий комплекс (The Absolute Participle Complex)
- •(Absolute Participle Complex)
- •6. Герундій (the gerund)
- •6.1 Дієслівні властивості герундія
- •Про форми герундія дивись схему 6.1.
- •6.2 Іменникові властивості герундія
- •6.3 Вживання герундія
- •Cхема 6.3 Переклад герундія з прийменниками
- •Перекладати текст. ( Після повернення )
- •6.4 Комплекси з герундієм
- •6.5 Герундій і віддієслівний іменник
- •Те, що Фрейд присвятив своє життя психоаналізу, відомо всім.
- •6.6 Герундій і дієприкметник в функції обставини
- •Having finished the results. Результати.
- •I’m looking forward to going on holiday.
Perfect Participle Passive
Perfect Participle Passive вживається в функції обставини причини і часу і виражає дію, яка передує дії, вираженій дієсловом-присудком:
Having been asked the students Після того як студенти були continued with their work in the lab. опитані (після того як студентів
опитали), вони продовжували свою роботу в лабораторії.
Таким чином, дієприкметник виконує тільки дві функції в реченні – означення та обставини (див. таблицю 4.2).
Вправи
Exercise 1. Form Participle I (Indefinite, Active, Passive) from the following
verbs and translate them into Ukrainian:
to build, to grow, to think, to determine, to move, to obtain, to produce, to get, to develop, to return, to make.
Exercise 2. Form Participle II from the following verbs and translate them into
Ukrainian:
to bind, to send, to add, to achieve, to develop, to decide, to leave, to equip, to write, to do, to maintain.
Exercise 3. Translate the following word-combinations into Ukrainian:
the student attending all the lectures; the plan containing many details; the workers building a new house; the engineer using a new method; the engineer carrying out the research.
Таблиця 4.2 Функції дієприкметників та їх переклад
|
ПЕРЕКЛАДАЄТЬСЯ |
|
|
Participle I Active: Ving: asking Passive: being + Ved/V3 |
означення |
дієприкметником на -учий, -ючий, -ачий, -ячий |
The girl asking the question is from our group. Дівчина, яка задає питання, з нашої групи. The student being asked by the teacher now is our monitor. Студент, зараз опитуваний викладачем, наш староста. |
обставина |
дієприкметниковим зворотом |
Asking me about it she smiled. Питаючи мене про це (коли вона питала мене про це), вона посміхнулась. Being asked to take part in this work he agreed at once. Коли його попросили взяти участь в цій роботі, він одразу погодився. |
|
Participle II Active: — Passive: Ved/V3: asked |
означення |
дієприкметниковим зворотом |
The question asked by the teacher was not easy. Питання, задане викладачем (яке задав викладач), було нелегким. |
обставина |
дієприкметником, обставинним підрядним реченням |
When asked to help he agreed at once. Коли його попросили допомогти, він одразу погодився. |
|
Perfect Participle Active: having + Ved/V3: having asked Passive: having been + Ved/V3: having been asked |
обставина |
підрядним реченням |
Having asked some questions the students left the teacher’s room. Після того як студенти задали декілька питань, вони пішли з викладацької. |
Having been asked by the teacher the students left the room. Після того як студенти були опитані викладачем (після того як викладач опитав студентів), вони пішли з аудиторії. |
using the new methods; constructing new machines; using the new equipment; refusing to give an explanation ; developing new technology.
having calculated the distance; having introduced new methods of work; having installed new equipment; having obtained the necessary information; having passed all examinations.
the achieved results; all developed countries; the information obtained recently; help offered by the teacher; the research done in the laboratory.