At the Post Office
The Post Office is situated at the center of the city. It occupies a big building. When you enter the hall you can see several openings into which you can drop your letter. To the right you can see long counters with notices:
“Postage”, “Stamps”, “Parcels”, “Telegrams”, “Pensions”, etc. If you want to send a parcel you must pack it property.
If you have to get somebody on the phone, you must put a coin into a slot, dial the number, then you should wait, until your call is answered.
Ex 17. Make up a story about
Every day shopping
Post Office service.
Unit 10
Grammar
Perfect Tenses.
The Passive Voice.
The Present Perfect Tense.
Chart
Affirmative Form |
Negative form |
Interrogative Form |
I have asked He She has asked It
We You have asked They |
Have I come? he Has she asked? it
We Have You asked? They |
I have not asked He She has not asked It
We You have not asked They |
Read and memorize adverbs
already today
just this month
ever this week, year
never lately
Ex 1. Translate into Russian:
His parents have lived in Bishkek for twenty years. I know it.
Nick has learned English since childhood, now he speaks it well.
I haven’t seen my friends for ages.
She has been ill for a long time. She is so pale now.
My friends have bought some modern furniture lately.
Ann’s uncle has received a new flat recently. He’s invited many friends today.
I’m afraid I’ve caught cold. I’m not feeling well.
Have you called the doctor? – Ann has just phoned him.
John has received a letter. He hasn’t answered it yet.
Mary has just gone to the doctor. She has cut her finger.
I’ve just bought tickets for a new film. I didn’t do it yesterday.
The Browns have moved to a new flat.
I have not seen him since Sunday.
This student has studied English only this year.
Ex 2. Answer the questions.
Have you seen your friend lately? Since when haven’t you seen him? Are you going to visit him tomorrow?
Are you a student? How long have you been a student? Do you study English? Since when have you studied English? You like English, don’t you?
Do you like to read? How many books have you read this month? Have you read any English books recently? What book are you reading now? Where have you taken it?
Have you been to the theatre lately? Who has? How many times have you been there? You have been to Opera House, haven’t you? Is it far from the centre? When are going there next time?
Ex 3. Translate into English.
Мои друзья только что получили новую квартиру.
В комнате жарко. Мама только что открыла окно.
Студент ответил на все вопросы. Его ответ отличный.
Ты уже отправил письмо? – Нет, я еще только собираюсь его отправить.
Вы уже спрашивали меня об этом.
Он мне все хорошо объяснил.
Я только что позвонила своей приятельнице. Но ее нет дома.
Я пригласила на свой вечер всех своих друзей.
Ты уже заперла дверь? – Нет еще.
Ты уже взяла книги в библиотеки? – Да, только что.
Они уже закончили переговоры с этой делегацией.
Вы уже видели доктора? – Нет еще, он занят.
Дождь только что прекратился.
Урок начался, перестаньте разговаривать.
Ты знаешь что они поженились на этой недели?
Ex 4. Read and translate the dialogues.
a)
A: Hello, Mary. What luck running into you!
M: Hello, Ann! I’m so glad to see you. How are you getting on with your graduation paper? Have you finished it?
A: No, I haven’t yet. I’m here on a study trip.
M: How long have you been in Moscow?
A: About three weeks. I’ve been here since January.
M: What have you seen in the city?
A: I haven’t seen many things yet. I’ve been too busy. I am working at the library most of the time.
M: Do you mean to say you’ve been in Moscow three weeks and haven’t seen any sights?
A: I’m afraid not. Do they arrange sight – seeing tours here?
M: Yes, there are several tours every day.
A: Can I still make it today?
M: No, I’m afraid you’ve missed it. It’s too late.
A: By the way, I’ve visited the Zoo.
M: Oh! I haven’t been to the Zoo since last year, but I don’t think it has changed much.
A: I think not, but I enjoyed myself.
M: What is your friend Kate doing nowadays?
A: She is teaching physics in her home town.
M: How’s that? She has not graduated, has she?
A: No, she hasn’t. She’s graduating this year. By the way, she has gone to her native town.
M: Now, why has she done that?
A: She’s got married and gone home to join her husband.
M: How wonderful! Look here, Ann. You’ve missed the tour, so you have some time, don’t you?
A: Yes, I do, and…
M: Why not to go to my place and have a nice chat over a cup of coffee?
A: With pleasure.
b)
- How long have you lived in Bishkek?
- Since 1990.
- Do you like it?
- Yes, very.
c)
- Where are the tickets? You haven’t bought them, have you?
- Of course, not.
- Have you ever seen the ballet before?
- No, it is the first time I’m going to see it.
- Oh, it’s a very good ballet.
d)
- I see, John hasn’t returned yet.
- No, he hasn’t.
- Why is he so long?
- I’m sure he’s gone to the cinema or is just taking a walk.
Ex 5. Learn the following poem by heart.
To a False Friend.
Our hands have met, but not our hearts,
Our hearts will never meet again.
Friends, if we have ever been,
Friends we cannot now remain.
I only know I loved you once,
I only know I loved in vain.
Our hands have met, but not our hearts,
Our hearts will never meet again.
Thomas Hardy
The Past Perfect Tense
Chart
Affirmative Form |
Negative Form |
Interrogative Form |
He She It had worked We You They |
I He She It had not worked We You They |
I He She Had It worked We You They |
I
Ex 6. Read and translate.
I had come to the station before my friends.
I had seen my daughter before she called me.
He was so very tired. It seemed to him that he had work for a very long time.
I asked the landlady if I could see the rooms I had lived in for five years.
It was the most pleasant, view he had ever seen before.
The wind had stopped suddenly and from behind the house a bird was inging.
They had washed the dishes before their children came back.
He hadn’t read the whole book before he returned it to the library.
Ex 7. a) Give short answers.
Had the children done their tasks before it grew dark?
Had the rain stopped before they came back from school?
Had you written to your parents before you went on a business trip?
Had she gone to bed before you switched off the TV set?
Had you looked through your composition before you handed it in?
Had you come before the lessons were over?
b) Transform before – clauses into after – clauses, changing the tense accordingly.
Ex 8. Complete the sentences using The Past Perfect Tense.
When she came home she remembered that….
Ted was late for the lecture because….
When I opened the door I….
This woman returned to the native village after….
Children left the yard when the rain….
Aunt Polly didn’t believe her eyes when Tom….
I had read the book before I ….
Did you hear when they…?
Ex 9. a) Read and ask question.
b) Retell the text.
Camping
Never had children been so excited, not even when their father had first told them about the forth coming trip.
Now he had announced that they were going camping on the big, gaily painted barge. Before it he had spotted a good camping place.
What fun it was putting up the tent. “You see, children”, cried the father, “this place isn’t too near the bank, the ground is even, there are trees around and the grass is fresh”. Besides, these is a farmhouse not far where we can get fresh milk, butter, bread and eggs.
Before the tent was erected, their mother had come back from the farmhouse with the loveliest food products they had ever seen. So the wonderful business of cooking the meal began.
The Future Perfect Tense
Chart
Affirmative Form |
Negative Form |
Interrogative Form |
I (We) shall(will) have worked He She It will have worked You They |
I (We) shall (will) not have worked He She It will not have You worked They |
Shall (will) I have worked ? We He She Will It have worked? You They
|
Ex 10. Read and translate.
They will have closed the shop before we get there. Hurry up.
He will have booked the tickets by the 1st of June.
We shall have booked them up.
My son and I will have come to the Crimea by the 7-th of July.
We will have been there a week and then he will join us.
By the end of the week we will have completed the largest part of the task.
By the evening we shall have done our shopping.
he will not have forgotten the names of actors by the time he discusses the play with us.
By the time the train starts, the passengers will have taken their seats.
Ex 11. Use Future Indefinite or Future Perfect.
I (to see) her tomorrow. I (to see) her by Monday.
They (to close) early the shop on Saturday. They (to close) the shop before we get there.
They (to pack) by the time the taxi comes. They (to pack) when I bring them my luggage.
Ex 12. Practice reading the dialogues.
I want you to go to the shop. There is a lot of things we need, especially bread.
And can’t I do it a little bit later, after the break. I am waiting for Ann and she’ll have come by 2 o’clock.
It’s a pity, but I will have finished my dinner by this time.
I’ll have done my homework before 5 o’clock. Let’s go to the cinema then.
Oh, but I shan’t even have begun my homework, and I’ll begin it only after supper.
I hope you will. We shall have had supper and Mother will have cleared the table by half past six, so again you will do your homework till night. Will you have done it by 11 o’clock?
Oh, yes, I will have finished it by 10 o’clock.
Ex 13. Translate into English.
До того как начался урок они проветрили класс.
К этому времени она уже убрала все комнаты.
Я надеюсь к концу месяца мы осмотрим весь город.
К новому году они получат удобную квартиру.
Они подошли к станции когда уже стемнело.
К 7 часам все гости уже собрались.
Они закончат перевод текста к концу урока.
Вчера он позвонил другу.
К этому времени следующего года он закончит университет.
Она уехала к родителям до того, как пришла эта телеграмма.
The Passive Voice
Chart
I am asked – Present I was asked – Past Indefinite Passive I will be asked – Future
I am being asked – Present Continuous Passive I was being asked – Past
There is no Future Continuous Passive
I have Present I had been asked Past Perfect Passive I will have Future |
Ex 14.
Translate into Russian, define the tense.
Make sentences negative, interrogative.
Sport clubs are attended by thousands of young people.
A spectator was shown to his seat.
When the table had been cleared guests began to sing and dance.
A little boy was stung by a wasp.
He had been introduced to me before I met you.
Many new buildings have been built in our city lately.
After the film had been shot the actors got their leave.
A review of the performance will be written after the first night.
A new play is being staged at our theatre.
The letter was being typed when you came?
Ex 15. Answer the questions.
By whom was Oliver Twist written?
Will you be sent abroad to continue your studies? (when, why)
Who had been invited to your birthday?
What problem was being discussed when you entered the hall?
How many new monuments have been erected in Bishkek lately?
How many chambers is the Parliament of Great Britain divided into?
What work is being done by our students now?
By what time had the supper been prepared?
Where is a group of students being waited for?
What building is still being built in your city?
Ex 16. Open the brackets.
The papers (to sign) just by the dean.
The newspapers (to look through) already by me.
The proposal (to discuss) by that time.
A new grammar rule usually (to illustrate) by some examples.
A new plan still (to work at) by the members of the board.
Who (to examine) now?
A new building of our university (to finish) by 2010.
I (to bring) you a cup of tea, here it is.
He couldn’t understand when he (to call) by nobody for such a long time.
The agreement (to sign) tomorrow.
Ex 17. Change the sentences from Active into Passive.
The lecturer stressed the importance of his proposal.
This actor will play the leading part.
The students have learnt a lot of new words.
The secretary is answering the telephone call.
My friend adviced me that specialist.
They had eaten all the sweets before their parents came.
Somebody has locked the door I can’t open it.
Our friends were making special preparations the whole evening.
Ex 18. Transform the sentences from Passive into Active.
The narrator was asked to repeat his fairy tale again.
Moscow is very much admired by tourists.
When will the mail be brought by a postman?
Wait a bit, the dinner is being prepared now.
Many rare paintings had been damaged by the fire, before they came.
The guestion hasn’t been prepared properly.
The telegram will have been delivered by their arrival.
What article was being translated during the whole lesson?
Ex 19. Translate into English.
Какой вопрос сейчас обсуждается?
Этим студентам была предоставлена новая тема для реферата.
За последнее время в нашем городе открылось много кафе и ресторанов.
Интересно, какие достопримечательности будут показаны делегатам конференции.
Когда я вернулся, наш дом все еще строился.
Сколько книг было прочитано вами к концу семестра.
Эти приглашения будут отправлены к концу недели.
Много новых предметов изучается студентами этого университета.
Ex 20. Read and translate the text.
Most villages and towns on the British Isles came into existence because of their convenient situation for trade.
Rather more than a hundred years ago, there was a great change in the history of mankind. Many machines were invented, many workers were replaced by them. For example, spinning and weaving, which previously had been done by hand, were done by machines and they were driven by steam-power.
The work which usually was done at home began to be carried an in large mills or factories, and workers settled down near them.
More and more factories were build and men and women left their villages, country districts in great numbers and crowded into towns.
Since then the movement of people into towns has been going on until now. English is dotted with great cities.
All over Britain, and especially in those parts where there was coal, manufacturing regions appeared. Many towns were thus founded, and now the population of those places is very dense.
Ask questions to the text
retell the text
Ex 21. Speak on:
scientific discoveries,
practical use of them.