Контрольное задание № 6

существительное

субстантивированное прилагательное

2,49,59,60

прилагательное

9,23,33,44,55,62,64

II форма глагола (простое прошедшее время

4,5,7,9,17,18,23,27,29,31,36,40,41

III форма глагола (причастие II )

1,5,9,13,14,16,20,21,26,28,35,44,52,61,69,71,75

№

текст

перевод

1

T4 Program was framed as a euthanasia program

была разработана

2

to kill incurably ill, physically or mentally disabled,

c физическими и

умственными отклонениями

3

emotionally distraught, and elderly people. Adolf Hitler

4

initiated this program in 1939, and , while it was

начал проведение (реформ)

5

officially discontinued in 1941, killings continued

была приостановлена…,

продолжались

6

covertly until the military defeat of Nazi Germany in 1945

7

In October 1939, Adolf Hitler empowered his personal

дал официальное разрешение

8

physician and the chief of the Chancellery of the Fuhrer

9

to kill people considered unsuited to live. He backdated

которых считали

непригодными

(недостойными),

датировал задним числом

10

his order to September 1, 1939, the day World War II

11

began, to give it the appearance of a wartime measure.

12

In this directive, Dr. Karl Brandt and Chancellery chief

13

Bouhler were charged with responsibility for expanding

была возложена

ответственность

14

the authority of physicians … so that patients considered

которых считали

15

incurable can be granted a mercy killing.”

16

Within a few months, the T4 Program – named for the

названная в честь

17

Chancellery offices that directed it from the Berlin

направляли

18

address Tiergartenstrasse 4 - involved virtually the entire

вовлекла (затронула)

19

German psychiatric community. A new bureaucracy,

20

headed by physicians, was established with a mandate

возглавляемая

была создана

21

to kill anyone deemed to have a “life unworthy of living.”

считавшегося

22

Some physicians active in the study of eugenics, who saw

23

Nazism as “applied biology”, enthusiastically endorsed

прикладная

одобрили

24

this program. However, the criteria for inclusion in this

25

program were not exclusively genetic, nor were they

26

necessarily based on infirmity. An important criterion

основывались

27

was economic. Nazi officials assigned people to this

направляли

28

program largely based on their economic productivity.

основываясь

29

The Nazis referred to the program’s victims

направляли

30

as ”burdensome lives” and “useless eaters.”

31

While the program’s personnel killed people at first by

убивали

32

starvation and lethal injection, they later chose

33

asphyxiation by poison gas as the preferred killing

предпочтительный

34

technique. Physicians oversaw gassings in chambers

35

disguised as showers, using lethal gas provided by

замаскированных

предоставляемый

36

chemists. Program administrators established gas

установили

37

chambers at six killing centers in Germany and Austria:

38

Hartheim, Sonnenstein, Grafeneck, Bernburg, Hadamar,

39

and Brandenburg. The SS staff in charge of the transports

40

donned white coats to keep up the charade of a medical

надевали

41

procedure. Program staff informed victims’ families of the

сообщали

42

transfer to the killing centres. Visits, however, were not

43

possible. The relatives then received condolence letters,

получали

44

falsified death certificates signed by physicians, and urns

подделанные

подписанные

45

containing ashes.

46

The transformation of physicians into killers took time

47

and required the appearance of scientific justification.

потребовало

48

Soon after the Nazis came to power, the Bavarian minister

49

of health proposed that psychopaths, the mentally retarded

предложил

умственно отсталых

50

and other “inferior” people be isolated and killed.

51

Pseudoscientific rationalizations for the killing of the

52

“unworthy” were bolstered by economic considerations.

поддерживали

53

According to bureaucratic calculations, the state could

54

put funds that went to the care of criminals and the insane

55

to better use – for example, in loans to newly married

молодоженам

56

couples. Proponents for the program saw incurably sick

57

children as a burden on the healthy body of the Volk,

58

the German people.

59

The murder of the handicapped was a precursor to the

физически или умственно

неполноценных

60

Holocaust. The killing centers to which the handicapped

инвалидов

61

were transported were the antecedents of the

перевозили

62

extermination camps, and their organized transportation

организованная

63

foreshadowed mass deportation. Some of the physicians

стала началом

64

who became specialists in the technology of cold-blooded

хладнокровного (жестокого)

65

murder in the late 1930s later staffed the death camps.

укомплектовали штат

66

They had long since lost their moral, professional, and

67

ethical inhibitions.

68

On August 24, 1941, almost two years after the T4

69

Program was initiated, it appeared to cease. In fact, it had

была запущена

казалось, что

70

gone underground and continued covertly during the war

продолжалась

71

years. The total number of victims killed under the T4

(убитых)

72

Program may have reached 200,000 or more. The official

73

conclusion of the T4 Program in 1941 also coincided with

совпал

74

the escalation of the Holocaust, the culmination of Nazi

75

programs to eliminate those deemed an embarrassment

которых рассматривали

76

to the “master race.”