Grammar exercises

Grammar Revision:

• Gerund

• Infinitive

Exercise 1. Study the following examples.

1) A person writing reports from abroad is called a foreign correspondent. – Человек, передающий репортажи из-за рубежа, называется иностранным корреспондентом.

2) A manager buying shares before they were officially available was accused of insider trading. – Менеджер, покупавший акции до официального объявления о продаже.

3) Writing his reports, the correspondent covered the latest development in the country. – Работая над репортажем, корреспондент осветил последние события в стране.

4) Armed (being armed) with a huge slush fund, he could reach understanding with any party. – Вооруженный (вооружаемый) огромным фондом для подкупа, он мог достичь взаимопонимания с любой партией.

5) Having written his report, he posted it. – Написав свой репортаж, он отправил его по почте.

Exercise 2. Translate into Russian.

1. Working for the local newspaper, he knew a lot about town's problems. 2. Exchanging opinions with other people, you enrich your mind. 3. The man speaking to the students is the Head of the Department. 4. At the entrance you will be met by a man holding a folded newspaper. 5. The article, being typed now, will be published tomorrow. 6. Having completed their tests, the students handed them in. 7. The man addressing the meeting is the leader of the opposition. 8. Coming from Latin, this word has undergone many changes in English language. 9. Having spent all the money he started looking for work. 10. She spent a good deal of her time on clothes not ever being sure where true elegance lay.

Exercise 3. Translate into Russian.

Examples:

1) Creating a firm takes a lot of time and energy. – Создание фирмы требует много сил и времени.

2) I am surprised at his having become a journalist. – Я удивлен, что он стал журналистом.

1. Before drawing conclusions one must carefully examine all the facts. 2. Learning rules without examples is useless. 3. The book must not be published without being looked through by the author. 4. He had not missed the opportunity of becoming a good writer.5. By working at day and night he succeeded in finishing the paper in time. 6. The editor is thinking of using new approaches.7. On receiving a lot of orders he began hiring more workers. 8. People are afraid of having time to think, so they go to the cinema, watch TV, go to a football match.

Exercise 4. Point out participles and gerunds and translate the extract: “National Campaigns in the UK”.

Remember the words:

poster афиша, плакат, постер.

voting голосование

dire ужасный

consequence последствие

duly должным образом, правильно

Spending on national advertising campaigns, including posters, with a national message and not mentioning individual candidates, is now limited by electoral law. Only the biggest, well funded parties can mount such campaigns.

Parties with smaller financial recourses try to get round this by holding press previews of their posters which are put up, duly photographed, and taken down as soon as the press and televisions cameras leave. The message on the posters is normally extremely simple, offering a vision of hope or a warning of the dire consequences of voting for the other side, sometimes both.

Exercise 5. Choose the correct item.

1.Stop ___at once!

A to talk В talking С talk

1. I'd rather___steak than fish.

A have В to have С having

2. The family were all looking forward ___ on holiday.

A going В to going С to go

4.The teacher told him he must ____ harder.

A study В studying С to study

5.He denied____the watch.

A steal В to steal C stealing

6.I'm busy_____my kitchen at the moment.

A paint В painting С to paint

7.Ben's interested in___karate lessons.

A to take В taking С take

8.When you finish___ you can watch television.

A eat В to eat С eating

9.They would prefer____tennis on Saturday afternoon rather than Sunday morning. A to play В playing С play

Exercise 6. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct infinitive or -ing form to complete the dialogues.

1.A: What did Sally say?

B: Well, she agreed (meet) us at the train station at 6:00.

2.A: I'm really looking forward (see) Tom again.

B: Yes. It's been ages since we last saw him.

3.A: Do you fancy (visit) the Martins this Friday?

B: Yes, that would be nice.

4.A: I really want (buy) an air-conditioner.

B: Me, too. It's very hot this summer, isn't it?

5.A: I hate (go) to the opera.

B: Really? I love the opera!

6.A: Did you remember (call) your mother?

B: Yes. I called her this morning.

7.A: I couldn't help (notice) that Ray has bought a new laptop.

B: Yes, his old one was stolen last week.

8.A: I don't mind (look) after your dog while you're away.

B: Thanks. That would be great.

9.A: What would you like (have) for dessert?

B: How about a fruit salad?

10.A: Does Greg know how to swim?

B: No. I don't know why, though. It's so easy (learn).

Exercise 7. Put the verbs in brackets in an '-ing' form or infinitive.

1.A: How was the party?

B: Horrible, I regret (go) there.

2.A: Good morning, Mr Jackson. Have you corrected our tests?

B: Yes, I have and I regret (tell) you that you've all failed.

3.A: I can't open this jar of honey.

B: Try (put) it in hot water for a few minutes.

4.A: It looks like our video has broken down.

B: Why don't we try (look) at the manual?

5.A: Are you sure you locked the door?

В: I clearly remember (turn) the key in the lock.

6.A: Did you remember (buy) a present for granny?

B: Yes, I did. And I remembered (get) her flowers, too.

7.A: I could do with a drink of water or juice.

B: I'm quite thirsty myself. Let's stop (get) a drink.

8.A: Would you like some chocolate?

B: No, thanks, I stopped (eat) sweets ages ago.

Exercise 8. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct infinitive form or the -ing form.

1. It's no use (talk) to Bob; he won't change his mind. 2. She will (return) the books next weekend. 3. It was good of you (help) me fix my bicycle. 4. The man suggested (call) the police in, to investigate. 5. I can't get used to (live) in such a hot country. 6. He admitted (rob) the bank. 7. You had better (hurry), or you will be late for work. 8. They refused (give) me my money back. 9. She is too short (become) a fashion model. 10. My parents let me (stay) up late at weekends. 11. Our teacher makes us (do) homework every evening. 12. The kitchen windrows need (clean). 13. They have begun (make) preparations for the party. 14. He advised her (speak) to her boss. 15. I dislike (go) to the theatre alone. 16. Mr. Roberts was seen (leave) his house at 12:15 last night. 17. My sister can't stand (watch) horror films. She gets terribly scared. 18. Can you imagine (spend) your holidays on the moon? 19. There is no point in (call) again. There is no one at home. 20. I don't allow people (smoke) in my house. 21. It was silly of you (forget) to lock the door. 22. He risks (lose) his wallet when he leaves it on his deck.

Exercise 9. Translate into Russian.

Examples:

1) To work under a good manager is a great luck. – Работать под руководством хорошего менеджера – большая удача.

2) The manager is known to be an experienced one. – Известно, что этот руководитель является опытным.

3) We expect this person to be a good manager. – Мы ожидаем, что этот человек будет хорошим руководителем.

1. His theory is believed to be correct. 2. To run a company efficiently means to be a good manager. 3. He was supposed to attend the lecture that morning. 4. He is known to be a good editor. 5. The meeting is expected to open at three. 6. The data was thought to be important. 7. He wants me to come on Sunday. 8. He declared himself to be a member of the Club. 9. I heard the professor mention these facts in his lecture. 10. He never expected a theatre to be run on such business like lines.

Exercise 10. Translate into English.

1. Известно, что реклама на телевидении является наиболее эффективным средством. 2. Мы слышали, что наши коллеги обсуждали повестку конференции.

3. Вторая мировая война помешала ему закончить книгу (to prevent from). 4. Он вспомнил, что уже читал этот рассказ. 5.Они избрали путь, ведущий к быстрому успеху.