Transport and tourism: an economic giant Active Vocabulary

underestimated industry - індустрія, яку було недооцінено

in terms of - з точки зору

to generate employment - забезпечувати роботою, створювати робочі місця

to be engaged in – займатися чимось

to account for - розраховувати на

value added – додана вартість

virtually - фактично

nevertheless - тим не менше

thereby - тим самим

balance of payment - платіжний баланс

to bring in foreign currency - ввозити іноземну

валюту

temporary fluctuations - тимчасові коливання

due to - внаслідок

threat – загроза

have but dented - не могло не відбитися

forecast - передбачення, прогноз

no doubt - безсумнівно

impact - поштовх

to hamper – перешкоджати

Read and translate the text:

The transport and tourism is an underestimated industry in terms of economic importance and of its capacity to generate employment. In fact transport and tourism is the third largest item of consumer expenditure of households in most development countries.

The transport and tourism industry is the vast, complex network of businesses engaged in the lodging, transportation, feeding and entertainment of the traveller. This definition includes hotels and other lodging places, the transportation services, restaurants and other eating und drinking establishments and recreational and cultural services.

Transport and tourism is the largest employer in a number of countries as one out of every 16 workers in the world is employed in this trade. In Europe transport and tourism account for almost 10 percent of European employment. Transport and tourism employment, investment, output and value added exceed those of such major industries as steel, automobiles, textiles and electronics in virtually every country.

Transport and tourism can be seen as a combination of small and large scale sectors, perhaps different from each other in organization, in culture and in structure. These sectors need each other to form one line of product and services.

International tourism, catering for people who travel to and stay in countries from which they do not originate, is often considered even more important than domestic tourism, because international travellers are said to spend more and stay longer at their destination, and because they bring in foreign currency, thereby improving the balance of payments of the country they visit.

The number of international travellers has increased progressively since the 1960's. Temporary fluctuations due to the energy crisis of the 1970's and the economic downturn of the early eighties, as well as threats of international terrorism, have but dented to the general growth trend.

More spare time, improved and less expensive transport facilities, increased interest in «life as such», a desire to meet other people with different values and to experience the unusual, lead to the forecast that tourism will continue to grow. In particular international tourism will continue to grow by at least 3 to 5 percent annually to the year 2000. Tourism will grow faster than any other industry in our world.

No doubt this growth will have a tremendous impact on investments in this sector, and on the demand for labour. A multitude of countries are already facing tremendous shortages in qualified staff and are thus hampered in making further investment.

Ex. 1. What are the Ukrainian equivalents for:

underestimated industry, to cater for,

in terms of, to stay longer at their destination,

to generate employment, to bring in foreign currency,

consumer expenditure of households, balance of payment,

complex network of businesses, temporary fluctuation,

to be engaged in, due to,

recreational and cultural services, to forecast,

in a number of countries, no doubt,

to account for, shortage in qualified staff,

combination of, to hamper in making further investment.

Ex. 2. Give English equivalents for:

індустрія, яку було недооцінено; тимчасові коливання;

з точки зору; не могло не відбитися;

забезпечувати роботою; бажання познайомитися з іншими людьми;

складна мережа бізнесу; внаслідок;

розраховувати; передбачати;

перевищувати; особливо;

фактично; щорічно;

однак; безсумнівно;

велика кількість різноманітних секторів; перешкоджати;

ввозити іноземну валюту; значний поштовх.

поліпшувати платіжний баланс;

Ex. 3. Say from what verbs these nouns are:

Underestimate establishment organization increase

employment investment consideration recreation

expenditure combination improvement

transportation difference fluctuation

Ex. 4. Find proper definition:

1. employment a. the sum invested or the property purchased

2. investment b. to provide a supply of food

3. cater c. activity in which one is employed, the state of being employed, work (syn.)

4. service d. to plan ahead, to predict some future event or condition

5. forecast e. the work or action performed by one who serves

Ex. 5. Answer the following questions:

1. The transport and tourism is an underestimated industry, isn’t it?

2. What does the transport and tourism industry include?

3. Do you agree that transport and tourism is the largest employer in a number of countries?

4. What sectors are needed to form one line of product and services?

5. Why is international tourism considered more important than domestic one?

6. What is the tourism forecast?