Упражнение №2.

Переведите данные предложения, используя лексику урока.

1.She was employed as a shop assistant.

2.The number of staff was reduced from 40 to 25.

3.They make profit of ten pence on every copy they sell.

4.They walked because they could not afford a taxi.

5.How much do you charge for those goods?

6.We did not try to work very hard because there was no incentive.

7.Gas and oil consumption always increases in cold weather.

8.Demand for fish this month has exceeded supply (to exceed – превышать ).

9. Several companies were competing with each other for the contract during the whole month.

10.This firm has better products than its competitors.

Упражнение №3.

Подберите нужный перевод следующих словосочетаний.

Freely set prices повышать цены

Laws of supply and demand сокращать издержки производства

To charge for goods платить служащим

A true market economy частное предпринимательство

To intervene in the economy подлинная рыночная экономика

To pay employees быть высоко конкурентными

Private enterprise нуждаться в стимуле

To need an incentive свободно установленные цены

To make profit законы спроса и предложения

To raise prices назначать цену за товары

To reduce production costs вмешиваться в экономику

To be highly competitive получать прибыль

Упражнение №4.

THE MARKET ECONOMY.

Прочитайте и переведите данный текст.

A market economy is an economy in which prices of things are freely set. They are based on the laws of supply and demand. The producer, but not the government, decides what to produce, how much to produce and to charge consumers for these goods, what to pay employees.

In a true market economy the government plays no role in the management of the economy. The government does not intervene in it. The market economy is not really controlled by anyone. It controls itself. The market economy is sometimes called the free market. The role of the company in the free market is to supply what people want. The system is based on private enterprise. As all firms are privately owned they try to make as large profit as possible. Privately owned firms need an incentive. The incentive is a profit. There are two ways for companies to make profit. The first way is to raise their prices. The second way is to reduce their production costs.

At first view market economy is a very attractive system. Businesses tend to be highly competitive. Competition is good for consumers because it helps to control prices and quality. If customers aren’t satisfied with products or services and if they can’t afford them, they will go to a competitor.

This system is often contrasted with a planned economy, in which a central government decides what will be produced and in what quantities.