
- •Передмова
- •Revision:
- •Reading:
- •Dissertations:
- •Electronic Resources:
- •Revision:
- •Reading:
- •Electronic resources:
- •Revision:
- •Reading:
- •Dissertations:
- •Electronic Resources:
- •Semantic change Definition of semantic change / Extension (Generalization) / Narrowing (Specializaation) /Amelioration / Pejoration / Further kinds of semantic change / Folk etymology
- •Revision:
- •Reading:
- •Electronic Resources:
- •2.3 Polysemy Stages of semantic change /Definition of polysemy and polysemes / Polysemy vs Homonymy / Examples of polysemes / Polysemy vs Indeterminacy /Linguistic processes governing polysemy
- •Revision:
- •Reading:
- •Electronic Resources:
- •2.4 Homonymy and paronymy Definition of Homonyms / Origins of Homonyms / Partial Homonyms / Homographs / Homophones / Capitonyms / Heterologues / Stylistic use of Homonyms / Paronyms
- •Revision:
- •Reading:
- •Dissertations:
- •Electronic Resources:
- •Antonymy Definition of Antonyms / Derivation of Antonyms / Gradable Antonyms / Complementary Antonyms / Other types of Antonyms /Auto-Antonyms
- •Revision:
- •Reading:
- •Electronic resources:
- •2.6 Synonymy Definition of Synonymy and Synonyms / Types of Synonyms / The Basic Semantic Functions of Synonyms / Synonym Paradigms / Non-Lexical Synonymy /
- •Revision:
- •Reading:
- •Dissertations:
- •Electronic Resources:
- •Other semantic relations between words Hyponyms and Hypernyms / Incompatibility / Holonymy and Meronymy / Series / Hierarchies
- •Revision:
- •Reading:
- •Dissertations:
- •Electronic Resources:
- •Word-formation
- •Revision:
- •Reading:
- •Dissertations:
- •Electronic Resources:
- •3.2 Affixation Definition and affix types / Suffixation / Semi-suffixes / Prefixation / Semi-prefixes
- •Revision:
- •Reading:
- •Dissertations:
- •Solid compound adjectives
- •Revision:
- •Reading:
- •Dissertations:
- •Electronic Resources:
- •3.4 Minor linear derivation types
- •Revision:
- •Reading:
- •Electronic Resources:
- •Revision:
- •Reading:
- •Revision:
- •Reading:
- •5. Phraseology
- •Revision:
- •Reading:
- •Electronic Resources:
- •Revision:
- •Reading:
- •Dissertations:
- •Electronic Resources:
- •Revision:
- •Reading:
- •Dissertations:
- •Dictionaries:
- •Online resources:
- •Exercises
- •Reading:
- •Subject index
- •Name index
Reading:
All Synonyms Alphabetical List [електронний ресурс]. – © 2001-2007, Hillclimb Media. - http://www.synonym.com/synonyms/
Antonym List at Michigan Proficiency Exams [електронний ресурс]. – (c) 2006-2010. – http://www.michigan-proficiency-exams.com/antonym-list.html
Brians P. Common Errors in English Usage / Paul Brians [електронний ресурс]. – © 2008. – http://www.wsu.edu/~brians/errors/
British National Corpus [електронний ресурс]. - http://corpus.byu.edu/bnc/
Corpus of Contemporary American English [електронний ресурс]. - http://www.americancorpus.org/
Classic Short Stories at World English [електронний ресурс]. – © world-english.org 1999-2004. – http://www.world-english.org/stories.htm
Commonly Confused Words at AskOxford.com [електронний ресурс]. – © Copyright Oxford University Press, 2010. – http://www.askoxford.com/betterwriting/classicerrors/confused/?view=uk
Compound Words at Enchanted Learning [електронний ресурс]. – ©2008-2009 EnchantedLearning.com. – http://www.enchantedlearning.com/grammar/compoundwords/
Cooper A. Homonyms / Alan Cooper [електронний ресурс]. – © 1996-2001, Alan Cooper. – http://www.cooper.com/alan/homonym_list.html
Harper D. Online Etymology Dictionary / Douglas Harper [Електронний ресурс]. - http://www.etymonline.com/ - © November 2001.
Krasnov K.V. English Russian Dictionary of "False Friends" [К. В. Краснов. Англо-русский словарь "ложных друзей переводчика"] / Krasnov K.V. – M.: Э.РА, 2004. – 80 с.
Oliver D. ESL Idiom Page / Dennis Oliver [електронний ресурс]. – Copyright © 1995-2007 Dave's ESL Café. – http://www.eslcafe.com/idioms/id-mngs.html
Thesaurus.com [електронний ресурс]. – Dictionary.com, LLC. © 2010. – http://thesaurus.reference.com/
Subject index
Abbreviation |
93, 135 |
Ablaut reduplication |
134 |
Absolute productivity |
100 |
Acronym |
136 |
Ageism |
12 |
Affixation |
92, 100 |
Amelioration |
42, 149 |
American English |
178 |
Analogy |
14 |
Antilogy |
69 |
Antiphrasis |
45 |
Antonym |
11, 62 |
Antonymy |
62 |
Aphaeresis |
131 |
Apocopation |
131 |
Applied lexicology |
16 |
Archaic word |
12 |
Archaism |
170, 174 |
Assimilation |
14 |
Axiological shift |
14 |
Auto-antonyms |
68 |
Auto-antonymy |
45, 68 |
Auto-converse |
46 |
Back clipping |
131 |
Back-formation |
93, 130 |
Backronym |
139 |
Bahuvrihe |
122 |
Blend |
132 |
Blending |
93, 132 |
Borrowed words |
13 |
Borrowing |
96 |
British English |
178 |
Capitonyms |
59 |
Catch phrase |
155 |
Categorization |
15 |
Classifications of word-formation devices |
89 |
Clipping |
93, 131 |
Cognitive metaphor |
44 |
Cockney |
180 |
Coinage |
170 |
Collocation |
152, 159 |
Collocation dictionaries |
190 |
Collocational restriction |
153 |
Combinability |
15 |
Comparative lexicology |
16 |
Complementary antonyms |
66 |
Composite forms |
155 |
Compound |
120 |
Compound Adjectives |
125 |
Compounding |
93 |
Compound Nouns |
124 |
Compound Prepositions |
128 |
Compounds spelling |
122 |
Compounds stress patterns |
123 |
Compound Verbs |
127 |
Compression |
14, 93, 146 |
Concept |
15 |
Conceptualization |
15 |
Conceptual pictures of the world |
15 |
Connotation |
34 |
Connotation shift |
94, 149 |
Contextual anonyms |
67 |
Conversion |
93, 141 |
De-adjectival nouns |
143 |
De-adjectival verbs |
143 |
Degree of semantic isolation |
160 |
De-nominal adjectives |
143 |
De-nominal verbs |
141, 143 |
Denotation |
33 |
Derivational affix |
100 |
Derivational prefixes |
111 |
Derivational suffixes |
101 |
Descriptive lexicology |
16 |
Deterioration (degeneration) |
43 |
De-verbal nouns |
141, 142 |
Diachronic dictionaries |
189 |
Dialect |
11, 177 |
Dictionaries of slang |
189 |
Dictionaries of synonyms and antonyms |
189 |
Dictionaries of word-frequency |
189 |
Direct nomination |
87 |
Directional antonyms |
67 |
Electronic computer dictionaries |
190 |
Elliptical nomination |
146 |
Emotionally charged words |
175 |
Emotionally coloured vocabulary |
12 |
Emotionally neutral vocabulary |
175 |
Enantionymy |
69 |
Endocentric compound |
121 |
Eponym |
145 |
Estuary English |
180 |
Etymological dictionaries |
189 |
Etymology |
16 |
Euphemism |
176 |
Exact reduplication |
134 |
Exocentric compound |
121 |
Explanatory dictionaries |
188 |
Extension |
39 |
False friends |
59 |
Field |
11 |
Folk etymology |
46 |
Fore-clipping |
131 |
Free combination |
152, 159 |
Full conversion |
148 |
Full homonyms |
58 |
Full reduplication |
134 |
Full synonyms |
72 |
General dictionaries |
188 |
Generalization |
39 |
General lexicology |
16 |
Gradable antonyms |
63 |
Grammatical conversion |
117 |
Grammatical meaning |
32 |
Heterologues |
59 |
Historical lexicology |
16 |
Holonymy |
82 |
Homograph |
58 |
Homonym |
10, 50, 56 |
Homonyms proper |
60 |
Homonymy |
56 |
Homophone |
59 |
Hyperbole |
45 |
Hypernym |
79 |
Hyponym |
79 |
Iconic derivation |
93, 139 |
Ideographic synonymy |
73 |
Idiolect |
12 |
Idiom |
160 |
Impure opposites |
67 |
Incompatibility |
81 |
Incorporation |
93 |
Inflectional affix |
100 |
Initialism |
135 |
Inner derivation |
141 |
Inter-level conversion |
144 |
Interpreter’s false friends |
59 |
International words |
13 |
Interpretant |
32 |
Jargon |
181 |
Language activators |
190 |
Language of abuse |
175 |
Language pictures of the world |
15 |
Left-branching language |
121 |
Lexeme |
27 |
Lexical derivation |
91 |
Lexical field |
169 |
Lexical hierarchy |
83 |
Lexical meaning |
32 |
Lexical phrases |
155 |
Lexicography |
16, 186 |
Lexicology |
9 |
Lexis |
26 |
Linear derivation |
92, 93 |
Litotes |
45 |
Loaded expressions |
31 |
Loaded lexicon |
175 |
Loaded words |
12, 31 |
Major derivation types |
94 |
Meaning |
29 |
Meronymy |
82 |
Metaphor |
43, 94, 149 |
Metaphoric nomination |
149 |
Metonymy |
44 |
Middle clipping |
131 |
Minor derivation types |
94, 130 |
Morphological word-formation |
91 |
Motivated lexical units |
87 |
Multicomponent Compounds |
128 |
Narrowing |
40 |
Native vocabulary |
13, 169 |
Near-opposites |
67 |
Neologism |
12, 170, 171 |
New Englishes |
179 |
Nomination |
86 |
Nomination of the second order |
86 |
Nonce word |
94, 96, 170 |
Non-lexical synonymy |
77 |
Non-linear derivation |
92, 93 |
Noun adjunct |
94, 148 |
Online dictionaries |
191 |
Onomatopoeic words |
87 |
Opposition |
14 |
Paronym |
10, 60 |
Paronymy |
52, 60 |
Partial reduplication |
134 |
Partial synonyms |
72 |
Part of speech |
25 |
Pejoration |
43, 149 |
People first language |
182 |
Phonetic reduplication |
134 |
Phraseological dictionaries |
189 |
Phraseological unit |
158 |
Phraseological variants |
163 |
Phraseologism |
96, 158 |
Phraseology |
16, 158 |
Poetic vocabulary |
11 |
Political correctness |
182 |
Polyseme |
50 |
Polysemy |
49, 50 |
Portmanteau |
132 |
Prefixation |
111 |
Primary nomination |
87 |
Productive affix |
100 |
Professional vocabulary |
11 |
Pronouncing dictionaries |
189 |
Proverb |
165 |
Pseudo-acronym |
137 |
Quotation |
156 |
Redistribution |
141 |
Redundant-acronym syndrome |
138 |
Reduplication |
93, 134 |
Regional variation |
11, 177 |
Relational antonyms |
67 |
Relative meaning |
100 |
Relative terms |
67 |
Restricted dictionaries |
188 |
Reverse dictionary |
190 |
Reversive antonyms |
67 |
Rhetoric |
16 |
Rhyming reduplication |
134 |
RP, received pronunciation |
179 |
Semantic analysis |
10 |
Semantic change |
39 |
Semantic functions of synonyms |
73 |
Semantic shift |
148 |
Semantic synonyms |
73 |
Semantic word-formation |
91 |
Semasiology |
16, 29 |
Semi-affixes |
106 |
Semi-prefixes |
118 |
Semi-suffixes |
107, 108, 109 |
Sentence stems |
155 |
Series |
83 |
Sign |
29, 32 |
Signification |
33 |
Signified |
32 |
Signifier |
32 |
Semantic field |
169 |
Simple nomination |
86 |
Slang |
181 |
Social variants of vocabulary |
181 |
Social variation of language |
179 |
Sociolect |
12 |
Socrates |
32 |
Specialization |
40 |
Specialized dictionaries |
189 |
Special lexicology |
16 |
Stability of phraseological units |
162 |
Standard English |
178 |
Structural synonyms |
165 |
Stylistic synonyms |
73 |
Substitution |
46 |
Suffixation |
100 |
Swear words |
175 |
Syncope |
131 |
Synechdoche |
45 |
Synonym |
10, 72 |
Synonymy |
72 |
Syntactic derivation |
91 |
Taboo words |
175 |
Telescopic word |
132 |
Thematic field |
11 |
Toponym |
145 |
Translation dictionaries |
190 |
Translation theory |
16 |
Unmotivated nomination |
87 |
Unproductive affix |
100 |
Vocabulary |
10 |
Vocabulary strata |
10 |
Vocabulary stratification |
169 |
Weak oppositions |
68 |
Word |
9, 20 |
Word boundaries |
22, 23 |
Word-class |
25 |
Word-combination |
96, 152 |
Word combinability |
15 |
Word definition |
20, 21, 24 |
Word-form |
26 |
Word-formation |
16, 86, 88 |
World Englishes |
177, 179 |
World Standard English |
178 |