- •Words and word combinations
- •Exercises
- •I. Write out the scientific terms from the text and give their Ukrainian equivalents.
- •II. Translate the following sentences into Ukrainian paying attention to the Predicates.
- •III. Translate the sentences with the Passive Constructions.
- •Text 2 the properties of the engineering materials (Part I)
- •Words and word combinations
- •(Part II)
- •Exercises
- •I. Give the Ukrainian equivalents: 1-7 (Part 1), 8- (Part 2).
- •II. Write out the words from the text:
- •III. Group the following words according to
- •Text 3 characteristics of metals
- •Exercises
- •I. Give the Ukrainian equivalents:
- •II. Underline the Predicates and state their Tenses and Voices. Translate into Ukrainian.
- •III. Make up 4 sentences with the following words: alloys, ferrous, non-ferrous, metals .
- •Iron, the master metal
- •Words and word combinations
- •Exercises
- •I. Add the missing words from the list.
- •II. Translate the sentences paying attention to the Passive Voice.
- •III. Choose the end of the sentences.
- •IV. Translate into Ukrainian paying attention to the Modal Verbs and their equivalents.
- •Text 5 aluminium
- •Words and word combinations
- •Exercises
- •I. Answer the questions in written form and make up a dialogue using some of them.
- •II. Translate into Ukrainian in written form. Consult various kinds of dictionaries. Metal Fatigue
- •(Part I) copper, tin, bronze
- •Words and word combinations
- •(Part II) lead, solder, zink
- •Words and word combinations
- •Exercises
- •I. Give the Ukrainian equivalents 1- 5 (Part I), 6 – 10 (Part II).
- •II. State the part of speech of the words in the brackets. Fill the blanks with proper words.
- •III. Interpret the meaning of the following correlated terms and use 5 of them in the sentences of your own:
- •IV. Translate the sentences paying attention to the polysemy of the words in bold type.
- •Text 7 metal joints
- •Exercises
- •I. Give the Ukrainian equivalents.
- •II. Insert the missing words.
- •III. From what part of speech were these words converted?
- •Text 8 computer-aided design (cad) drawing
- •Words and word combinations
- •Exercises
- •I. Find the accordance to the following abbreviations and translate them.
- •II. Give the full names to the following shortened words:
- •III. Find the Infinitive and state its function.
- •Turning, drilling and boring machines
- •Words and word combinations
- •Exercises
- •II. Give the English equivalents.
- •III. Speak about machine tools according to the plan.
- •Text 10 the lathe
- •Words and word combinations
- •Exercises
- •I. Find the Gerund and state its function.
- •II. Explain the meaning of the international prefixes. Give the Ukrainian equivalents.
- •Text 11 lathe tools
- •Words and word combinations
- •Exercises
- •I. Give the Ukrainian equivalents.
- •II. Translate into Ukrainian paying attention to the numerals.
- •III. Make up a dialogue using the questions to Text 9. Text 12 m odern machine tools
- •Exercises
- •II. Underline the converted terms.
- •III. Guess the meaning of the words analyzing their components.
- •Text 13 semi-automatic machine tool
- •Exercises
- •II. Make up sentences with the following words:
- •III. Translate the sentences with acronyms.
- •Text 14 parts of machine tools
- •Exercises
- •II. Translate into Ukrainian paying attention to the meaning the word “one” and define its function.
- •III. Open the brackets using the verbs in proper tenses. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian.
- •Text 15 automatic control
- •Exercises
- •II. Insert the missing words.
- •Information to manufacture automatic machine
- •Text 16 production-line robots
- •Exercises
- •I. Give the Ukrainian equivalents:
- •II. Make up 6 questions of all types to the text.
- •III. Compose a dialogue using Text 15-16 and Exercise II.
Text 5 aluminium
Aluminium is the oldest and best known light metal. It is a white silvery metal which does not rust in the air. It is soft, that is why it is used only when alloyed with other metals. It occures in the Earth's crust principally as the oxide, bauxite (Al2O3), and is extracted from it by an electrolyses.
The addition of small quantities of other metals in the making of alloys produces materials which are light but very strong. It is one of the commonest metals in industry. Low weight and resistance to corrosion combine with its toughness to make aluminium very suitable for the bodies of vehicles and also for castings-gear-boxes, pistons, cylinder heads. It is used for making cooking utensils, ladders, refrigerators, wrapping material (“silver paper”, “silver” membrane). Its shiny surface reflects heat, and aluminium foil is used for the heat insulation of houses. Aluminium paint protects ironwork from rust, obliterates dark paint, and reflects light.
Some important aluminium alloys are magnalium and duralumin (95% aluminium + 4% copper + 1/2% manganese + 1/2% magnesium) which is only half as dense as steel but twice as strong; unlike aluminium, it can be tempered by heat treatment; it is used for making aircraft, houses, furniture and motor pistons.
Words and word combinations
castings-gear-boxes – форми для лиття зубчатої передачі
piston – поршень
ladders – драбини
wrapping material – матеріал для упакування
“silver” membrane – кришка-мембрана з фольги, що легко знімається
foil – фольга
to obliterate – знищувати, витирати
magnalium – магналіт, альмаг
which is only half as dense as steel – чия щільність вдвоє менша ніж у сталі
Exercises
I. Answer the questions in written form and make up a dialogue using some of them.
1. What does aluminium look like?
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2. Where does aluminium occure?
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3. What makes aluminium very suitable for the bodies of vehicles?
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4. Why is aluminium used for the heat insulation of houses?
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5. What important aluminium alloys do you know?
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6. Where is aluminium used in every-day life?
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7. What is the meaning of the word ‘alloy’?
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8. What are the properties of aluminium alloys?
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