Ex.4 Put the correct word into the gap in each sentence.
1. borrow/lend Can you ……..me 5 pounds until tomorrow? I didn’t bring my umbrella, so I’ve had to……John’s.
2. discovered/invented Primitive men…..fire thousands of years ago. Alexander Bell…..the telephone.
3. worthless/priceless She thought that the painting was valuable, but experts told her that it was a……forgery. It is generally agreed that the Mona Lisa by Leonardo da Vinci is……..
4. raise/rise The sun will……at 6 a.m. tomorrow morning. He will…..his hand when he needs attention.
5. infamous/unknown Although William Barnes wrote many poems, he’s almost …..to the present generation. All British children have heard of Dick Turpin. He was an……robber, who stole from travelers and was executed for his crimes.
Gerund as an attribute
Walking – stick, boiling- point, swimming – race, blotting-paper, eating apples, cooking apples, laughing- stock, dancing-room, dancing master
Test 1
Choose a correct variant
He mustn’t have taken advantage of your mistake.
А) Он не мог воспользоваться вашей ошибкой.
Б) Не может быть, чтобы он воспользовался вашей ошибкой.
В) Он не мог бы воспользоваться вашей ошибкой.
She seemed to be very self-assured.
А) Нам показалось, что она очень самоуверенная.
Б) Им показалось, что она очень самоуверенная.
В) Она казалась очень самоуверенной.
He seemed to be embarrassed.
А) Казалось, он был смущен.
Б) Он оказался смущенным.
В) Уму показалось, что он смущен.
She is said to have got married.
А) Ей сказали, что она вышла замуж.
Б) Она говорит , что вышла замуж.
В) Говорят, что она вышла замуж.
He mustn’t have failed an exam!
А) Не может он провалить экзамен.
Б) Он не должен провалить экзамен.
В) Не может быть, чтобы он провалил экзамен.
TEST 4
Choose the suitable word. Only one variant is correct.
You must be very …. of your son’s success.
a) proud b)tired c)cold
2. He brought us…..news.
a) odd b) dark c) exciting
3. There was an…. glove lying on the table.
a) dark b) my c) odd
4. He will be…..to help us.
a) glad b) sad c) late
5. He was too…. to ask for a help.
a) cold b) proud c) late
Ex.5
Find if there is gerund, participle 1 or verbal noun in the following sentences:
The firemen rushed to the burning house.
There are some newspapers lying on the table.
The building is not yet completed.
I’m responsible for not having done the work in a proper way and time.
We admired the wild animals, playing on the grass.
There is a publishing house in the center of our city.
Excuse my being late.
Living in a big city has a lot of advantages.
Having written a letter he sent it by e-mail.
We fixed the date of our meeting.
There are children playing in the garden.
Her hobby is playing the piano.
Do you know any English sayings and proverbs?
Is there a swimming-pool near your house?
I saw you dancing in a dancing-hall.
Test 2
Choose the correct form of the verb
My brother…..like me.
a) looked b) looks c) is looking
2. Who speaks French in your family? I…….
a) have b) do c) am
3. She usually…..to bed very early.
a) goes b) has gone c) going
4. Don’t go out. It…..hard.
a) was raining b) rains c) is raining
5. Does he usually…..the week-end in the country?
a) spends b) spend c) spent
Test 3
Put in the necessary preposition
We lost our way ……the forest. a) in b) at c) on
He whispered words of love …….me. a) to b) with c) at
I like the way she smiles …..people. a) to b) at c) with
Do you like to talk……your friend over the telephone now? A) with b) at c) to
Does your teacher often frown…..you? a) with b) to c) at
Don’t do anything …..I come! A) before b) until c) till
This is only one problem…..thousands of others in our city. A) between b) among c) of
They haven’t been to Moscow …. the war. A) above b) from c) since
The guests are sitting…..the table now. A) into b) in c) at
It all depends….you. a) on b) of c) from
Test 4
Choose the correct word :
You….beautiful today. A) look b) see c) watch
Please, give me….more cake. A) some b) any c) little
Did you hear…..news? a) the latest b) the last c) the late
….does it take you to get to the University? A) how long b) how much c) how many
What …… places can I see today? A)another b) other c) others
You enjoyed the film,…..? a) didn’t you b) don’t you c) aren’t you
Where’s ……bus stop? A) closest b ) the nearest c) the most near
….are well-known writers. A) Both them b) Both of them c) Both they
He speaks English….better than French. A) more b) much c) most
His son is…..a) so old as yours b) as old as your one c) as old as yours
Test 5
Choose the correct word:
He keeps….hard. a) smoke b) to smoke c) smoking
She doesn’t enjoy…..a) to travel b) traveling c) travel
Would you mind….me? a) to follow b) following c) follow
It’s no use….. noise about it. A) to raise b) raise c) raising
I’m interested in …..economics. a) studying b) study c) to study
Test 6
Choose the correct answer:
Would you like to have a walk in the park?
a) I’m from Russia b) We stayed at our friends c) With great pleasure
Do you often frown at people?
a) As a matter of fact, I’m very serious b) surely, I’ll do it c) yes, why?
Why is she whispering?
а) she can. B) It’s a good idea c) the matter is she has a sore throat
Could you please tell me the way to the theatre?
a) You see, I was absent b) Cross the road and turn left c ) yes, it is.
Is there a well-kept park near your house?
a) oh, I never b) Because he… c) Yes, there is.
Ex.6
Fill the blanks with “make” or “do”. Write only in your note-book, no marks in the teaching materials!
1. Will you - me a cup of coffee? 2. I will - my best.
3. I never – the washing up. 4. Don’t - a mess.
5. I’d like to - you an offer. 6. Do you - aerobics?
7. Don’t - any plans. 8. Will you - me a favor?
9. Can you - the waltz? 10. Did I - a mistake?
11. I haven’t had time to - the accounts. 12. I will - a date to see them.
13. I will never - business with them again. 14. Are you have to -- trouble?
15. Can you - the ironing for me? 16. You should - a casserole.
17. They can - a cabinet for you in a week. 18. I’d love to - some more exercises.
19. These windows need cleaning. Can you -- them?
Ex.7
Past Perfect and Modal Verbs
As soon as the teacher entered the classroom, he saw that the students had already written a composition.
When Brown came to school in 1950, Green had already been working there for 5 years.
By 3 o’clock he had answered only half the letters he had received that morning.
In 1950 he had been married for 10 years.
On reaching the station , he found that his friends had just arrived.
When he came to England in 1952, he had already learnt to speak English well.
The driver was just about to start when he remembered that he had not filled the petrol tank.
We had got everything ready for them long before they arrived.
They had been to several parties during the Christmas holidays.
I was told that they had left the district a few months before.
He asked me where I had been and what I had been doing.
They told me that Smith had died two days before.
When he had his supper he went to bed.
As soon as they had finished breakfast, they ran out to play.
We had hoped that you would be able to visit us.
I had meant to call on you, but was prevented from doing it.
She had thought of paying us a visit but the bad weather made change her plans.
They had wanted to help us, but couldn’t get here in time.
I hadn’t for a minute supposed that I should get the first prize.
Ex.33
MODAL VERBS
You are always to knock before you enter my room.
You are to write your name at the top of each paper.
Mother told me I was not to speak to strange men.
You can’t play football in the park today.
Will you be back early this evening?
Could I have this dictionary, please?
Can I see your railway time-table?
May I trouble you to pass the salt?
You might make a little less noise.
We you be so kind as to help me with the luggage?
We are to be married in May.
Jim and Marry are to meet us at the station.
You must do as you are told.
Soldiers must obey orders without questions.
We are to be there at 9 o’clock.
Military service is compulsory in many countries.
Is there any need for haste?
Must you go so soon? - Yes, I must.
He didn’t need to be reminded about it.
You needn’t have harried.
He’s so rich that he doesn’t have to work.
You don’t have to go to the University 7 days a week, do you?
You ought to start at once.
He ought to have been ashamed of his behavior.
You shouldn’t laugh at his mistakes.
You ought to have helped them.
You ought to have been more careful.
The weather has been excellent and we may expect a good harvest.
Tom asked his father whether he could go to the cinema.
And who may you be?
Your father must be nearly 80 now.
You must have been enjoying yourselves.
They left at 9, so they ought to have arrived by now.
It may rain tomorrow.
That may or may not be true.
I may be away from home tomorrow.
He might have been hurt.
You might have asked me to your wedding!
The news can’t be true!
The box was so heavy, that I couldn’t lift it.
Ht said he couldn’t come to the meeting.
He seemed to be unable to give up his bad habits.
I shall not be able to help you.
As he has behaved badly, he must be punished.
He didn’t tell me where he had been but I knew though.
I needn’t have put on my thick coat.
You needn’t to come there until 9.
Umbrellas must be left downstairs.
Visitors mustn’t feed the animals.
You must be tired.
They must have gone home.
How dare you say that!
I daren’t go there again.
When she was 12 she could read Latin.
You shouldn’t give the baby scissors to play with.
Ex.8
Participle I and II
1. Some stamps collected by him are very curious.
2. At last she saw the man, saved her sun.
3. Some questions, touched upon in the report are worth careful consideration.
4. I want the letter posted at once.
5. I had the suit cleaned.
6. She has had her handbag stolen.
7. The general had two horses shot under him.
8. The soldier had his left leg amputated.
9. King Charles I had his head cut off.
10. Some of the houses had their windows broken.
11. We have had our house broken into by thieves.
12. We have the enemy almost surrounded.
13. They have scarcely any money saved for their old age
14. If treated by a good doctor the sick man will recover.
15. If treated by an experienced doctor the sick man began to feel better.
16. Supported unanimously, the project was approved.
17. The situation being favorable they bought the shares.
Complex Subject.
Verbs in Passive
To say, to suppose, to expect, to report, to know, to assume, to consider, to prove, to find, to seem, to appear, to turn out, to happen, to be likely, sure, certain.
Предложения такого типа рассматриваются обычно как содержащие составное именное сказуемое, которое состоит из глагола- связки и прилагательного или существительного. В состав этой конструкции может входить существительное или местоимение ,следующее обычно за глаголом, а в случае эмфазы оказывающееся в начале предложения.
Мнение, суждение или предположение группы неопределенных лиц о ком –либо или чем-либо можно выразить двумя способами:
1) сложноподчиненным предложением со сложным подлежащим, в состав которого входит имя существительное или местоимение в именительном падеже + инфинитив (неопределенная форма глагола с частицей to)
Подлежащее сказуемое инфинитив
The oil value is said (supposed, expected, assumed, reported, considered, proved, found) to change, to be changing, to have changed.
Сказуемое английского предложения переводится на русский вводным безличным предложением.
Известно (предполагается, допускается, сообщается, доказано, найдено ), что стоимость нефти изменится (меняется, изменилась).
В действительном залоге часто применяются такие глаголы как
Seem, appear, turn out, prove – по-видимому, оказывается .
To be (un)likely, to be (un)sure), to be (uncertain) (мало)вероятно, безусловно, непременно.
В следующих предложениях инфинитив важнее личного глагола.
I fail to see what you mean. Не понимаю, что вы имеете в виду.
We happened to be there.
I chanced to meet him in the park.
He appeared to enjoy the concert.
They seemed not to notice it.
The swimmer failed to reach the shore .
Ex.9
Training exercise (participle and gerund)
1. Not having found what he wanted he slowly went out.
2. The young man took the form, then put it on the table without filling it in.
3. Not knowing what to answer, he kept silent.
4. He sat in the hall without taking off his coat.
5. Without turning round, he answered us rudely.
6. Not loving (caring for) him, she couldn’t be jealous of him.
7. Not wishing to leave him alone, I invited him to my place.
8. It was very cold in the room and the children slept without taking off their clothes.
9. Not knowing the password, I wanted to pass them by unobserved.
Ex.9
Training exercises with infinitive constructions
Here are the papers to be signed.
Jean has nothing to be displeased with.
There is the time element to be considered.
Diplomacy is to do and say the nastiest things in the nicest way.
His instructions seem to be ignored.
Our new colleague turned out to be unusually quiet .
They want their chief to be removed from the office.
Have somebody clear it up.
Have someone raise the question if you are not coming yourself.
Why don’t you have your assistant do the job?
I consider him the best writer living.
Ex.10
Complex Subject
1. He seemed surprised at the news.
2. He seemed much older.
3. This seems to be an important point.
4. The situation seemed to us quite hopeless.
5. This appears to be the only exception to the rule.
6. To me his new book does not appear (to be) so good as his earlier book on this subject.
Ex.11
Transform the sentences, using Complex Subject
1. We didn’t expect that the matter would be so complicated.
2. Why do you think nobody expected that the exhibition would attract so many visitors?
3. Nobody expected that such an enormous sum would be offered for the picture at the auction.
4. Nobody expected that the situation would be so dangerous.
5. Nobody expected that so much damage would be done by the flood.
6. We didn’t expect that the weather would be so changeable.
7. We expect that the time and date will be convenient for everybody.
8. I didn’t expect that they would quarrel over such an unimportant thing.
Ex.12
Infinitive constructions
1. There was nobody to speak with.
2. There is nothing to apologize for.
3. There was a lot of people to consult.
4. There is nothing to worry about.
5. There is nothing to be afraid of.
6. There is nothing to speak about.
7. There is nothing to argue about.
8. There is nothing to be surprised at.
9. There is nothing to laugh at.
10. There is nothing interesting to speak about.
11. I have got no idea how to get there.
12. I have got no idea what to do next.
13. I have got no idea whom to consult with.
14. I have got no idea what to begin with.
15. Why not try to persuade him?
16. Why not suggest something else?
17. Why don’t you apologize to her?
18. This teacher is expected to teach you psychology and sociology.
19. The child likes to be read fairy-tales.
20. She is happy to have been invited to the party.
21. I’m sorry to disturb you.
22. He was glad to have been given permission to leave.
23. She is glad to have been cured.
24. He is sorry to have excepted the invitation.
25. He was sorry not to have taken the chance.
26. He was glad not to have been noticed.
Grammar Review Part II
Training exercises ( 1 - 92 )
Ex. 1. Insert the following pronouns: some , any, no, something, anything, nothing, somebody, nobody, somewhere, nowhere, anywhere
1. Did you have…lessons yesterday? –No, we did not have lessons yesterday. It was Sunday.
2. Have you got…questions?
3. Can you tell me…interesting about this exhibition?
4. Is there…interesting there?
5. Could you offer me…to read?
6. Do you know…in group twelve?
7. …rang you up at 5 o’clock.
8. When I came back, there was… in the room.
9. I saw her…but I don’t remember where.
10. Are you doing…this evening?
11. I’ve lost my gloves… and I can’t find them…
12. I wanted to read that book but I couldn’t find it….
13. If it rains we shan’t go…
14. We shall stay at home and read…interesting.
Ex. 2. Insert pronouns in a proper form
Let…translate those article into Russian (we).
Let…take the books from the library today (she).
He is quite ill. Let…stay at home (he)
Let…introduce myself. (I) My name is Helen.
Let…do these exercises in class (they)
Let…have a meeting after classes (we)
Let…learn the poem by heart (she)
Ex.3. Ask questions about Ed and Liz
(where/Ed and Liz live) – In Nottingham
(how long/they/be/married?) -15 years
(they/go out/very often?) – No, not very.
(what/Ed do for a living?) –He is a policeman.
(he/enjoy his job?) –Yes, very much.
(he/arrest anyone yesterday?) –No.
(they/have/a car?) –Yes.
(when/they/buy it) –Ayear ago.
(how much/it cost?) - 3,000 pounds(they/go/on holiday next summer?) –Yes.
(where/they/go?) – To Scotland.
Ex. 4. Make exclamations (!) You think that dress looks nice. – Does that dress look nice!
You think it’s a lovely day.
You think it was a good film.
You think everything is expensive these days.
You think Tom looked well.
You think the child is very clever.
You think the children were very noisy.
You think that woman is very fussy.
Ex. 5. Give the Russian for: to care, to care for somebody, smth.; to care to do smth.; to care about smth.; to care about doing smth.
He failed in his exams but I don’t think he cares.
He doesn’t care what they say about him.
I don’t much care about going now, though.
Well, who cares?
I’m a fool to care when you don’t care for me.
Do you care what you wear?
Do you care who you are friends with?
Do you care what people think about you?
Do you care for the cinema, music, reading?
Ex.6. Translate into Russian
You must leave the place at once.
People mustn’t fish in this river.
You must decide what you want to do.
You must do it all again before next week though I must confess it’s the first bad repair you’ve done.
I can’t do it now, but I expect I can do it next week.
If you can’t type any better than this you had better not to type at all.
You mustn’t forget what I told you last lesson.
You mustn’t be scared in the dark.
Ex. 7. Insert the following modal verbs must, may, can, could
with a proper form of infinitive
1. Bob…(to fail) the exam. He is very lazy.
2. Bob….(to fail) the exam. He is quite at home in English.
3. Bob…(to fail) the exam. He never impressed me as a bright boy.
4. They…(to go) to Sochi by sea! She is a poor sailor.
5. He… (to drive) much better now.
6. You…(to take a walk) after dinner in the park today.
7. He…(to run )very quickly when he was younger.
8. Happily Ann …(to swim) across the river, otherwise she would have drowned.
9. I…(to run) very quickly to get when I was child of seven.
10. I was sure I… (to get) to the top of the mountain.
Ex.8. Complete the sentences with “could”
Ye can’t play tennis very well now but he … quite well when he was younger.
She can’t run very fast now but when she was at school she…faster than anyone else.
I can’t swim very far these days but ten years ago I…from one side of the lake to the other.
Ex.9. Choose a right word
1. You (must, have to) look both ways before crossing the road.
2. We ‘ll book a room for you. You (mustn’t , don’t have to) look for a hotel.
3. We’re going by an early flight so I (must, have to) get up not later than six o’clock tomorrow morning.
4. You (mustn’t, don’t have to) drive so fast, there is a speed limit here.
5. You ( mustn’t, don’t have to) drive so fast, we’ve still got a lot of time.
Ex.10. Answer the questions and say that you want somebody else to do it
1. Does she have to do the housework today?
2. Does he have to go shopping after lunch?
3. Does she have to buy meat, fish and ham?
4. Does Jane have to go to the department store?
5. Does he have to invite Bill to his birthday party?
Ex.11. Say that you want to have it done
1. I must mend my bike.
2. She installed some new kitchen equipment last week.
3. I took my temperature.
4. She cut her hair.
5. She did her hair beautifully.
6. We took some holiday photographs.
7. I adjusted this clock.
8. She must repair her car.
Ex.12. Make the sentences interrogative
1. The doctor can’t see you today (tomorrow).
2. She can’t pay the money now (next month).
3. She can’t fly home this week (next week).
4. She can’t forgive the boy now (in a few years).
5. They can’t discuss the problem today (tomorrow).
6. He can’t explain everything now (tonight).
7. We can’t have our holiday this month (in January).
8. They can’t go with you now (in a few minutes).
Ex.13. Say that there is no necessity to do it immediately, they may do it at any other time in future
1. Does he have to do his homework now? (in the evening)
2. Does he have to look through these translations today? (tomorrow)
3. Does he have to go there tonight? (tomorrow tonight)
4. Do they have to live today? (on Wednesday)
5. Does Helen have to answer the letter today? (tomorrow)
6. Do they have to get up at 6 today? (at 9)/
Ex.14. Answer the questions using Present Perfect Tense
When did it last rain? (for ages)
When did they last visit you? (since June)
When did you last play tennis> (for a long time)
When did you last eat caviar? (never)
When did you last drive? (for 6 years)
When did you last go to Spain? )never)
Ex. 15.. Put the verbs in brackets in a proper grammar tense
Good morning , Ann! Where you (to go) now? – I (to go) to the post office to send a telegram.
Where is Nick? – I think, he (to play) football in the yard. He always plays football with his friends after the lessons.
What that woman (to do ) there? – She (to sell) ice-cream near our school..
Ex. 16. Supply suitable tenses
I’m sorry you (to get lost) coming here. I (to go) to meet you at the station if I (to know) you want me to.
I (to work) very hard lately.
What you (to do) just now while I (to wash) the dishes?
I never (to read) a story that (to interest) me so much as the one I (to read) last night.
When we (to go) to see them last night, they (to play) chess; they (to say) they (to play) since 6 o’clock.
Ex.17. Complete the sentences with used to
1. The baby doesn’t cry so much now but she… every night.
2. She… my best friend but we are not friends any longer.
3. We live in Nottingham now but we … in Leeds.
4. Now there is only one shop in the village, but there… three.
5. When I was a child I…ice-cream, but I don’t like it now.
6. Now Tom has got a car. He… a motor-cycle.
Ex.18. Choose a suitable tense for the verbs in brackets
It is easy to paint pictures if one (to know) how to do it.
If she (not to answer) the telephone, she would never have heard the good news.
Tell him he must visit the Tower if he ever (go) to London.
My friend would be able to help us if he (to be) here.
If it (to rain), you will get wet.
If you (to want) me to help you, why didn’t you say so?
I always, to have) trouble with my engine these days.
I wonder why I always (to have) trouble with the engine whenever I decide to go home by car.
In a few minutes’ time, when the clock (to strike) six, I (to wait) here three quarters of an hour.
He (to know) her a long time before he finally (to get) married to her.
I hope it (not to rain) when I (to leave) home tomorrow.
Ex. 19. Use the superlative and comparative degrees of comparison for the adjectives in brackets
1. Leo Tolstoy, Dostoevsky and Chekov are (popular) Russian writers in England.
2. That game was (exciting) that I’ve ever seen.
3. James Baldwin’s last novel is (interesting) than his first one.
4. Ice hockey is (popular) than field hockey in the USA.
5. Baseball, football and basketball are (popular) sports in the USA.
6. Ice hockey is (dangerous) than field hockey.
7. Today’s football game was (exciting) than yesterday’s.
Ex.20. Complete the sentences using how and what
1. Have you decided…for dinner this evening?
2. Can you show me…the washing machine?
3. Do you know… if there is a fire in the building?
4. You’ll never forget…a bicycle once you have learned.
5. I was really astonished. I didn’t know…
Ex.21. Do you know how to use the words some, any and a in English?
1. I’ve got… new shirts.
2. The shop didn’t have…coffee, so I bought…tea instead.
3. I’m busy now, but I might have…time tomorrow morning.
4. I saw…books on the table.
5. Excuse me, I’d like…of those apples please.
6. I’m sorry, but I haven’t got…information about my brother.
Ex.22. Translate into Russian
Nick isn’t in. He went to the pictures again although he has been twice already this week.
They haven’t spoken to each other since they quarreled.
That Grandfather’s clock has been standing there for as long as I can remember.
How long have you been learning English?
My watch is going for three days and it has not run down yet.
He has lost his books. He was looking for them all the afternoon, but they have not turned up yet.
“Could you lend me some matches?”—“I’m afraid I haven’t got any”.
“Haven’t you read his recent publications? They are very interesting”.
“I like that design. It’s very up-to-date. Is it yours?” –“No, it’s a friend’s of mine. He’s the designer”.
I haven’t got a pet, but I I’d like to have one.
You’re making good progress in your English.
His progress is just marvelous.
He’s definitely going to be a successful businessman.
The plan definitely has a great future.
In future don’t give a definite answer so soon.
These experiments may be successful in the near future.
We may actually find it out in the near future.
Ex.23. Translate into Russian
1. I didn’t know Mr. Carter had taken over as a finance manager.
2. He told us they’d had a very useful exchange of opinions.
3. It was really surprising how the rate of exchanging had gone up.
4. Everybody knew that the project would require a great effort.
5. They wrote that a new stock exchange would be established in the near future.
6. They said the reconstruction would require more time and money if a few changes weren’t made in the project.
7. They said they would send another fax after they spoke to the representative of the sellers.
8. He was sure the matter would be settled after we had another discussion.
9. The air hostess says we will only be allowed to get up from our seats after the plane lands.
10. Moscow television offers special programmers for language learners in several languages.
11. It’s true his suggestion may lead to some difficulty, yet in my opinion it’s the only way to solve the problem.
12. It’s true his English still leaves a lot to be desired, yet he’s making progress.
13. We can agree to all the suggestions but the last one.
14. They offered their services at a lower price than other firms.
15. He suggested that we go by taxi.
16. Thank you for your kind offer of help.
17. Are you going to offer any new models in addition to those in the catalogue?
18. Is it true that the medicine you’re talking about has already done a lot of harm?
19. Can’t I offer you a cup of coffee?
20. He agreed to interrupt the discussion and make a short break.
21. Both adults and children like cartoons.
22. Would you like to make any other suggestions in addition to those we’ve just heard?
23. Is anything else going to be done in the near future?
24. This equipment has to be looked after like a baby!
25. All these things will have to be agreed on.
26. The matter can be discussed at once.
27. The appointment may be cancelled.
28. These papers have to be read very carefully.
29. The idea’s going to be discussed.
30. These things must be packed very carefully.
31. I was asked to fill in the form in both Russian and English.
32. We weren’t told to give the English translation. If we’d been told to, we’d certainly have done so.
33. The tourists are asked to be in the hotel lobby at 10.
34. The children were allowed to stay up as long as the adults.
35. The singer was given so many flowers that she could hardly hold them.
36. He couldn’t go to the theatre and offered me the tickets.
37. Bennett & Co. aren’t the only firm we’ve received an offer from.
38. There are several other reliable companies who’ve sent us offers besides them.
39. The stock exchange was established in the last century.
40. I wouldn’t believe it if it weren’t an established fact.
41. I would like us to exchange opinions on the subject.
42. I suggest that you compare your results with theirs’.
43. “How does your new model compare with the old one?” “No, I’d say they are very similar, but the new one is more up-to-date.”
44. They say the hotel is a mile from the shore.
45. They write they are going to the south coast of Spain for their holiday.
46. He says he doesn’t even know such problems exist.
47. The newspapers write that he is, without any doubt, the best actor of the year.
48. I think the game’s worth the candle.
49.Do you know when they are going to discuss the preliminary project?
50.He knows we have similar views on the problem.
51. Do they say it is an established fact?
Ex. 24. Translate into Russian and analyze
1. Frankly, I don’t like the fashion that is coming in. Do you?
2. Frankly, I find long discussions pretty tiring.
3. It lost his temper, and frankly, it was pretty awful!
4. I believe in your skill as a businessman, so do as you think fit.
5. Jogging was increasingly popular several years ago.
6. If they hadn’t acted unfairly, they wouldn’t have found themselves in such a complicated situation.
7. When I entered the gym I saw a group of girls practicing without their coach.
8. I’ve never heard her complain.
9. I heard them quarrelling, and decided to go up and ask what the matter was.
10. I heard that Helen was a good pianist, but I’ve never heard her play the piano.
11. I saw that the conversation was growing tiring and decided to stop before it was too late.
12. We watched the coach giving last-minute instructions to the players.
Ex. 25. Say that you want somebody to do something
1. I don’t want to waste so much time on this useless work any longer (my assistant).
2. I’d like to be absolutely frank with him. (you)
3. I want to be as fair as possible. (they)
4. My friends wants to begin jogging regularly. (my elder son)
5. I want to make all the arrangements in good time. (the managers)
6. I’d like to leave a message with the secretary (Mr. Bently)
7. They wanted to fulfill all their obligations (their counterparts)
Ex. 26. Underline grammar construction with Complex Object
I want my son to go in for sports.
I don’t want you to take so much trouble.
I would like you to practice your English every day.
I don’t think he wanted Bob to lose his temper, he only wanted him to play according to the rules.
We wanted our contacts to increase in the near future.
The manager doesn’t want his assistants to do so much routine paper work any longer.
We didn’t expect the matter to be so complicated.
She wanted her article to impress the public.
Ex. 27. Make constructions using a proper form of a pronoun
1. Our teacher won’t like (we) coming late to class.
2. I don’t mind (you) talking to my friend, but I always remember (he) complying about (you) staying too long.
3. Please excuse (we) calling you by your first name..
4. It’s no use asking (he) to lend you any books.
5. I’m afraid, of (John) loosing the way .
6. They insisted on (I) going again next week.
7. Nobody minds (you) singing, but we can’t stand (you) singing out of tune.
8. Do you remember (me) asking for the book before?
9. Please forgive (I) asking such a personal question.
10. We shall miss (you) coming in to talk to (we) in the evening.
Ex. 28. Past Perfect Tense
My best friend Kevin was no longer there. He …(go) away.
The local cinema was no longer open. It …(close down).
Mr. Johnson was no longer alive. He…(die).
I didn’t recognize Mrs. Johnson. She… (change) a lot.
Bill no longer had his car. He…(sell) it.
(to read) The telegram twice, he understood the matter needed immediate attention.
When (to fill in a form) you must write your name and address clearly.
(to make great progress) by the end of the school year he was able to start reading books in the original.
“Don’t lose your things, little boy”, said a young man, (to pick up) the gloves (to drop) by the boy.
(to walk) about the town for some time, he went up to a man (to stand) at a street corner and asked to be directed to the main square.
Present Perfect Tense
Ex. 29.
1. We have improved the quality of most of our products and are looking forward to seeing you soon about the models you were interested in .
2. We’ve been doing our best to improve the quality of our goods recently and we hope to attract new buyers to our products.
3. We’ve been making some changes in the project but we haven’t finished the work yet, and it will take us some more time I’m afraid/
4. We’ve made some changes in the original project, so as to meet all your requirements.
5. Have you had any trouble with this equipment since you bought it?
6. I have been having a lot of trouble with my new car. There’s always something the matter with it.
Ex.30. Open the brackets using a proper form of the verb
It was the first time I ever (make) so many mistakes.
Is it the first time you (to miss) a train?
This is the third film (to see) this week.
This is not the first time that you (to mistake) me for somebody else.
This is the second book I (to read) this week.
This is the third time you (to be late) for your class this week.
This is the second exam you (to fail) this term.
This is the first time he (to fail to keep one’s promise).
Ex. 31. Open the brackets
1. The car looks very clean. (you/wash/it?)
2. (I/be/ill) twice so far this year.
3. How many times /be/you/ill last year?
4. I/not/drink any coffee so far today.
5. He/be/late three times this week.
6. How many games /the team/win/ last season?
Ex.32. Connect two sentences into one, using a preposition
1. John worked as a skilled builder. He began to study architecture. (before)
2. She read the message carefully. She wrote the reply. (before)
3. He left the room. I turned on the radio. (as soon as)
4. He had dinner. He went to the cinema. (after)
5. The man didn’t leave. He didn’t receive a definite answer. (till)
6. We didn’t disturb him. He finished his work. (until)
7. Tom wasn’t at home when I arrived. (he\just\go\out)
8. We arrived at the cinema late. (the film\already\ begin)
9. I invited Ann to dinner last night but she couldn’t come. (she/already/arrange/to do something else)
10.They weren’t eating when I went to see them. (they/just/finish their dinner)
11. I was very pleased to see Nora again after such a long time. (I/not/see/her/for five years)
12. The house was very quite when I got home. Everybody…(go to bed).
13. I felt very tired when I got home, so I…(go) straight to bed.
14. Sorry I’m late. The car …(break down) and the driver was trying to repair it. So we…(stop ) to see if we could help.
Ex. 33. Turn the Objective participial Constructions into Subjective Participial Construction
I heard the boy shouting something to the fisherman.
We caught the cat stealing meat.
I saw the man climbing the ladder.
They watched the cyclist running a race.
We found the driver repairing the bus.
I heard Mary singing in the garden.
Ex. 34. Make questions with who or what
1. Something happened.
2. Someone lives in that house.
3. Somebody gave me this key.
4. Henry gave me something.
5. Tom meets someone every day.
6. Something fell on the floor.
7. This word means something.
Ex. 35. Translate into Russian
You aren’t supposed to consult a dictionary during the exam.
I’m looking forward to my summer holiday.
It was a wonderful opportunity and I took it without any hesitation.
Looking back over a distance of forty years, we can say that we could have done better if we’d had more opportunities.
I wouldn’t trouble you again if it weren’t my only chance of settling the matter.
We’d like you to improve the design a little.
Ex. 36. Write sentences using I would
1. It’s a pity I didn’t meet Ann. (love)
2. I’m glad I didn’t lose my watch. (hate)
3. I’m glad I wasn’t alone. (not/like)
4. It’s a pity I couldn’t travel by train. (prefer)
5. It’s a pity I didn’t see the film. )like)
Ex.37. Give a full answer
Do you want me to call you up? Shall I call you up?
Do you want me to change this five-pound banknote for you”
Do you want me to wrap up everything in one parcel?
Do you want me to wrap up a packet of your washing powder for you?
Do you want us to forget everything about his unfair behaving?
Do you want us to drive to the West End?
Ex. 38. Answer the questions, using should and ought to
Why didn’t the man stay longer? (be at the office)
Why didn’t you spend all the money? (save some for the next month)
Why didn’t the airplane arrive at time? (make an extra landing)
Why didn’t Harry come to see us? (write two essays)
Why didn’t they go to the concert? (look after their sick child)
Why didn’t the boy play football? (stay at home?
Why didn’t he ride the bicycle (repair it)
Ex. 39. Translate into Russian and pay special attention to modal verbs
We missed the 9.30 train and had to go by bus.
The house is at the next corner, you can’t miss it.
We missed seeing the new film when it was on at our local.
I missed the 9 o’clock train and had to wait for another one.
Last week I didn’t mean to miss my friend’s birthday but it went out of my head.
When I was a young girl I used to go swimming every week, but now I miss doing that.
Ex. 40. Choose a proper word expect or wait
I wonder if you are… any more visitors this afternoon.
Frankly, I had…better progress.
None of us… such great success.
I’m afraid you’ll have to… that he would lose his temper.
He said he couldn’t afford…any longer.
Why do you think we had to… their answer so long?
She’s… a baby at the beginning of March.
He suggested…till eleven.
Ex. 41. Combine two sentences into one
They were playing tennis. Their coach watched them.
Helen was playing a guitar. We listened to her.
Alice was talking to a colleague in Spanish. I heard it.
Bill Blake was changing money in a bank. The detective saw it.
Jill was parking her car. I saw it.
She came in. I didn’t hear it.
He went out. Nobody noticed it.
Jeff signed all the documents. Everybody saw it.
Ex. 42. Choose the correct form of the participle
When James noticed (burning/burned) house, he notified the fire service immediately.
The exciting/excited) passengers jumped into the lifeboats when notified that the ship was sinking.
The (smiling/smiled) Mona Liza is on display in the Louvre in Paris.
Ex. 43. Translate into Russian
As he felt homesick he decided to return home next month.
As he felt sick he went to the doctor.
As he said so he left the room.
As he did this work he went home.
As they finished their lessons they wrote some tests.
As they returned from London, they told us about their journey.
Ex.44. Put the verb in the right form: ing, to + Inf., or Inf. without to
Mr. Thomas doesn’t let anyone…(smoke) in his office.
I don’t know Jack but I’d like (me) him.
Where would you recommend me…(go) for a holiday?
I don’t recommend …(eat) in that restaurant. The food is awful here.
Jack’s parents have always encouraged him…(study) hard.
The film was very sad. It made me…(cry).
We were kept at the police for an hour and then allowed…(go).
Ex. 45. Translate into Russian, underline Complex Object constructions
The problem being solved is of great importance.
Many speakers said they wanted spending on armament reduced.
He wants you to forget it.
They want their chief removed from the post.
They want the installation to be dismantled.
I would like the work to be done right now.
We expect the facts to be proved.
Ex. 46. Translate into Russian
Our friends objected to our leaving so soon.
I don’t remember your having said before that you wanted to come.
I just can’t understand your wanting to start working as early as possible.
Ex. 47. Translate the sentences into Russian and pay special attention to modal verbs
The agreement is to be signed on the 22nd of September.
According to the contract the wooden parts were to be made of expensive sorts of wood.
All the machines are to be packed in strong cases.
They were to have come an hour ago.
Such documents are to be signed by Director General.
What are the children doing here at such a late hour? They are supposed to be in bed!
A top manager is supposed to be fluent in several foreign languages.
He didn’t know he was supposed to work overtime if the job was urgent.
Am I supposed to consult anyone or can I deal with matters like that myself?
Ex. 48. Choose a proper word.
There has been no rain for a week but the forecast says the weather’s going to change, so I (must/have to) carry my umbrella with me.
“I’m sorry I (must, have to) put off our appointment again. I’ve still run a high temperature.” – “Don’t worry! You (must’/ have to/should) stay at home till you feel well enough to go out. Get well!”
The buses were full and we (must/have to) take a taxi.
I think you should see a lawyer/consult a doctor/be very careful with this equipment.
You ought to visit them more often/to have told me about it long ago/to have compared your chances before taking a decision.
Ex. 49. Say, that you may do it at some other time
He needn’t go there now (in an hour)
You needn’t wash the dishes now (after dinner)
Nelly needn’t go to the market today. (tomorrow)
She needn’t change her dress now (in the evening)
She needn’t buy a new coat this year (next winter)
I needn’t return the book this week (next week)
You needn’t turn on the light now (in half an hour)
We needn’t wear our coats now (in the autumn)
Ex. 50. Use the correct verb form (infinitive with or without to , gerund or participle) in these sentences
It has began (rain)
It has stopped (rain)
Please, let me (help) you (put) your coat on.
I can hear somebody (talk) in the next room.
You must (start) early if you want (get) there before dark.
Would you mind (make) less noise?
Would you like (go) to the cinema?
Do you enjoy (do) these exercises?
I heard Mr. Green (say) he would like (sell) his car.
Please don’t forget (post) the letters.
Did you remember (post) the letters?
Yes, I remember (drop) them into the box.
You must (do) what I tell you (do) without (ask) why.
They make students (work) very hard here, don’t they?
It was kind of you (help).
Ex. 51. Translate into Russian
There is no denying the fact that his appearances would have caused a sensation.
There is no denying that Yorkshire is the biggest county in England.
The boy had to deny breaking the vase as he knew he would be punished if he admitted it.
Although it was obvious to me that my sister had taken my favorite book she denied having anything to do with it.
Ex. 52. Put the verbs in bracket into the correct form, using where possible Participles and Gerunds:
(to be fond of) music my brother never misses an opportunity to go to a good concert.
(to walk) about the town for some time, he went up to a man (to stand) at a street corner and asked to be directed to the main square.
I thought I had lost my bag and was therefore very grateful to the man who (to bring) it back to me.
I (to realize) what a talented writer he was until I saw his play (to stage) in a Moscow theatre.
The man who (to make) the opening speech at the exhibition is a well-known painter.
Ex.53. Answer the questions, using Gerund
Why do you always wear a hat? (like)
Why does Ann watch television so often? (enjoy)
Why do you never go to the cinema? (not like)
Why does Jack take so many photographs? (like)
Why don’t you work in the evenings? (hate)
Ex. 54. Read each situation and then write a sentence with or without -ing
1. He translated the article. He didn’t use a dictionary.
2. Look right and left before you cross the road.
3. She got married. Nobody knew about it.
4. I don’t usually carry my passport with me. (I/afraid/lose/it)
5. The sea was very rough. (we/afraid/go/swimming)
6. We rushed to the station. (we/afraid/miss/our train)
7. I didn’t tell Tom thaat I thought hе had behaved foolishly. (I/afraid/hurt/his feelings)
8. In the middle of the film there was a particularly horrifying scene. (we/afraid/look)
9. The glasses were very full, so Ann carried them very carefully. (she/afraid/spill/the drinks)
10. I didn’t like the look of the food on my plate a) (I/afraid/eat it) b) (I/afraid/make /myself ill)
Ex.55. Make sentences with need -ing
This room hasn’t been painted for years. (paint)
The hair is too long. (cut)
Those shoes are rather dirty. (polish)
This plant hasn’t been watered for some time. (water)
Those screws are loose. (tighten)
Your jeans are too long. (take up)
Ex. 56. Translate into Russian
Nothing would have happened if you hadn’t lost your temper.
If you have anything to complain of, tell the hotel manager.
I admit he acted fairly.
It was an exciting event.
We were very impressed by her skill as a tennis coach.
He realized that it was no longer fit to do such hard work.
Ex. 57. Open the brackets
If they had waited, they (to find) me.
I (to go) if I had known.
If you (to read) the book carefully, you would understand it.
He (to write) to me only once since he went away; I (to send) him four letters.
I wish I (to know) his name.
It’s time we’ll go home.
I’d rather you (to go) now.
It’s about time you (to get) the tea ready.
Don’t you wish I (to come) earlier?
Passive Voice
Ex. 58.
I doubt whether everything was done according to the law.
Did you hurt your leg?
The law passed by the Parliament was published by several newspapers.
It’s the law of nature.
I don’t think it’s a lawful decision.
I wonder which of them will take over and run the company.
He wouldn’t have been injured if had been more careful.
Oyr counterparts have just been shown round the factory.
All the important things have been explained to them.
He’s been appointed ambassador to an African country.
Excuse me, you are wanted on the phone.
He’s never been taught to play the piano, has he?
Two more engineers have just been sent for.
Ex. 59. Use Passive Voice
The bill includes service. Service…in the bill.
People don’t use this road very often. The road….
They cancelled all flights because of fog. All flights…
Somebody accused me of stealing money. I….
They are building a new ring-road round the city. A new ring-road…
I didn’t realize that someone was recording our conversation. I didn’t realize that our conversation…
They have changed the date of the meeting. The date of the meeting ….
Brian told me that somebody had attacked and robbed him in the street. Brian told me that he…
Ex. 60. Translate into Russian, pay attention to using passive forms of the infinitive
His recent publication’s much talked about.
All the children are looked after by trained nurses.
If everything hadn’t been agreed on in good time, we’d have found ourselves in a very difficult situation.
Everything can be arranged in good time.
Our obligations under the contract can only be fulfilled if we are given answers to all the questions on this list.
If the weather doesn’t change for the better, the match may be cancelled.
If the fire brigade hadn’t arrived so quickly, the house might have been destroyed by the fire.
If I don’t get well by Friday, our appointment will have to be put off.
All spheres of life are going to be represented at the exhibition.
Ex. 61. Make constructions in passive
They don’t pay Jim very much. Jim…..
They will ask you a lot of questions at the interview. You…
Nobody told me that George was ill. I…
His colleagues gave him a present when he retired. He….
We’ll send you your examination results as soon as they are ready. You….
They didn’t ask me my name. I….
I think they should have offered Tom the job. I think Tom…
Ex. 62. Make a passive sentence with get and one of these verbs: break, catch, sting, use, damage, hurt, steal
Ted… by a bee while he was sitting in the garden.
How did that window….?
Did any of these houses…..in the storm last night?
The tennis courts don’t ….often. Not many people want to play.
If you want to break the law, make sure that you don’t…..
I used to have a bicycle but it….
Ex. 63. Translate into Russian and underline constructions in Passive Voice
The mail’s usually brought at 9 p.m.
Are the orders always fulfilled in time?
It’s a pity the lecture wasn’t printed.
All the machines have been tested, and the results have been written down and filed.
The tally hasn’t been switched off, I’m afraid.
The appointment’s been called off, hasn’t it?
Ex. 64. Complete these sentences using the one of the following verbs (in the correct form)
arrest wake knock check translate spend hear carry find drive make
A decision will not… until the next meeting.
That building is dangerous. It ought to…down before it falls down.
When you go through customs, your luggage may… by a customer officer.
I told the hotel receptionist that I wanted to … up at 6.30.
Her new book will probably… into a number of foreign languages.
If you kicked a policeman, you’d…
Police are looking for the missing boy. He can’t…anywhere.
Do you think that less money should… on arms?
The injured man couldn’t walk and had to …
I don’t mind driving but I prefer to …by other people.
Ex. 65. Use being with one of these verbs: keep, pay, attack, give, invite, use, ask
He came to the party without….
She won’t go out alone after dark. She is afraid of…
I don’t like….stupid questions.
Few people are prepared to work without…
Mr .Kelly doesn’t like his phone… by other people.
Most people like… presents.
Ex. 66. Translate into Russian
The question being discussed now, is of great importance.
“Have you noticed tanks being concentrated there?” asked the general.
Having been led to his room, Mr. Pickwick intended to go to bed at once.
Looking into the room, he saw the two beds and the fire still burning.
Having explored a number of passages Mr. Pickwick was about to to give up the search.
Not believing Mr. Pickwick’s story, the lady ordered him to leave the room at once.
Putting on his eye-glasses Mr. Pickwick looked out from behind the curtains.
When ordered to leave the room instantly Mr. Pickwick obeyed.
Ex. 67. Open the brackets and put a proper form of Participle
(to walk on tiptoe) along the numerous windings and passages Mr. Pickwick suddenly noticed an open door.
(to be taken to his room) he was left there alone.
The servant (to conduct him upstairs) carried a candle in her hand.
(to open the doors of several rooms), he at last saw his missing property on the table.
(to be interrupted all the time) he refused to continue the story.
When Mr. Pickwick saw a room (to resemble his own) he was glad to enter it.
He seized the watch (to lie on the table) and left the room.
There were heavy curtains on the beds (to stand in the middle of the room).
Ex. 68. Translate into Russian and analyze the usage of Participle I and II
Cooking dinner she forgot to put salt into the soup.
Having given that explanation he seated himself by the teacher’s deck.
Reading the book he got interested in it more and more.
Having played football they will have classes again.
The stamps collected by my brother were beautiful.
The girls playing hide-and-seek are standing behind the door.
The medicine prescribed for his cough was very bitter.
Having cooked dinner she sat down on the sofa to have some rest.
Giving that explanation he was sure it was quite convincing.
Having read the book I shall tell you of my impression.
Playing football he fell and hurt his leg.
I believe a number of satirical leaflets, criticizing the Jesuits will be very useful.
The poor girl, standing at Rosemary’s elbow, asked her for the price of a cup of tea.
What a pleasant exciting scene: a sheet of ice covered with figures moving gaily, falling, rising again.
The story written by X. was not true.
The film released last month was a great success.
The concert planned for tonight must be postponed.
The book lost by my sister was returned to the library.
The postman knocking at the door has brought the evening post.
The train standing at Platform 3 is about to leave.
The fire brigade having arrived in time, no damage was caused to the building.
Ex. 69. Put a proper form of Participle
We were going to see the movie at the Central Theatre but our friends told us it was a (boring/bored) movie.
The (cleaning/cleaned) shoes were placed in the sun to dry.
We found it difficult to get through the (closing/closed) door without a key.
As we entered the (crowding/crowded) room I noticed him.
The police towed away the (parking/parked) cars because they were blocking the entrance.
The (breaking/broken) dishes lay on the floor.
The (trembling/trembled) children were given a blanket for warmth.
Compassionate friends tried to console the (crying/cried) victims of the accident.
The (interesting/interested) tennis match caused a great deal of excitement.
The (frightened/frightening) hostages only wanted to be left alone.
Our representatives presented the (approving/approved) plan to the public.
The (blowing/blown) wind of the hurricane damaged some houses.
Mary’s (cleaning/cleaned) service comes every Friday.
Dr James told my brother to elevate his (aching/ached) leg.
We saw the (advancing/advanced) army across the town.
Mr Harris’s (approving/approved) smile let us know that our speeches were well done.
Ex. 70. Translate into Russian, paying attention to Complex Subject
I’m not likely to see her till Wednesday.
I’m not likely to have so much money about me now.
I’m sorry he is not likely to be in.
He seems to be wearing in mind and body.
Reading English books proved to be a means of mastering English for me.
The novel seems to be written by our contemporary.
The members of Parliament were seen to vote.
He seems to get along quite well. The question is considered to be significant.
John was seen to come up the house.
The boy was heard whistling in the street.
Mother was seen waving her handkerchief to us.
William was heard talking on the telephone in his study.
The baby was heard crying in the nursery.
She didn’t seem to be excited by the accident.
They didn’t seem to be worried about it.
She seemed to be very much surprised at seeing him.
They didn’t seem to be delighted by it.
The TV program seems to be an interesting one.
The discussion seems to be quite a lively one.
Planting trees seems to be a hard job.
Washing dishes seems to be an unpleasant occupation.
Ex.71. Answer the following questions
What are you likely to be doing on Sunday?
What is your teacher likely to say if you come late or unprepared?
What is most likely to happen if you forget about your friend’s birthday?
What sort of weather are you most likely to have in autumn, spring and summer?
Do you think it likely that the temperature will rise or fall?
Ex.72. Insert be (get) used to or used to
1. It didn’t take her long to… working with a computer,
2. I’m not afraid of swimming in cold water. I…..
3. When he was young he…be a splendid athlete.
4. She isn’t…taking care of other people. It won’t be easy for her to…it.
5. At first he found it difficult to work overtime, but then he…it.
6. He doesn’t smoke any longer, but he… smoke 20 cigarettes a day!
Ex.73. Put the questions to the underlined members of the sentence using when, by who(m), with what, where, who, which, what, how many
Progress is made every day in the world science.
The University of Glasgow was founded in 1451.
3. Four exams have been taken by the first year students
4. This new method is being studied by him.
5. In winter the Earth is covered with snow.
6. Television is watched by children during the children’s hour.
7. The first question is the most significant.
8. They will be met by their friends.
Ex.74. Put the verb into the correct form using the correct preposition.
After a long time we eventually succeeded….a flat.(find)
I’ve been thinking…..for a new job. (look)
His parents didn’t approve his…out so late. (stay)
I wonder what prevented him….to the party. (come)
I’m getting hungry. I’m looking forward …dinner. (have)
I don’t feel…. today. (study)
Forgive me…you but I must ask you a question. (interrupt)
The arrested man was suspected….into a house. (break)
Have you ever thought…..married? (get)
I’ve always dreamed….on a small island in the Pacific. (live)
The cold water didn’t stop her….a swim. (have)
Have you ever been accused….a crime? (commit)
She apologized….so rude to me. (be)
We have decided…a new car. (buy)
Ex. 75. Translate into Russian
The exhibition is run on a commercial basis.
Let’s celebrate the occasion, shall we?
It’s a national holiday, so it’s celebrated by most people in this country.
I wonder what made them break the law?
Every businessman should know civil law.
He asked where he could exchange dollars for the local currency.
He said the matter was hardly worth troubling about.
The buyers found that the goods met all their requirements.
They wrote that they required ten more machines.
He said the purpose of his visit was to talk about cultural exchange for the next years.
I’m sorry this seat’s engaged.
I tried to get through to him several times but the number was engaged.
A new stock exchange has been established.
The construction of the hospital will be financed by the state.
It’s considered an established fact.
He’s considered an outstanding actor.
After the concert reporters surrounded him.
The site is surrounded by a thick forest.
I thought you spoke Russian.
I knew he was a historical person.
I thought the seashore was a long way from the hotel.
He said the embankment was worth seeing.
Ex. 76. Translate into Russian
Please let us know the exact number by telex.
Diplomatic relations between the two countries were established a long time ago.
We would like to establish good business relations with your company.
The company was established at the turn of the century.
If you compare the two projects you will see a similarity between them.
We’ll make every effort to minimize the production costs.
This project is, without any doubt, worth the money it costs.
Is the article worth reading?
Trade and cultural contacts already existed between Russia and England at the time of Ivan the Terrible.
I have similar ideas on the subject, but I wouldn’t say mine are exactly the same as yours.
We can offer you another model of similar quality.
I’m happy to say that the college founded a few years ago has grown into an important research centre.
These two pictures can’t be compared. One is clearly so much better than the other. There’s no comparison between them!
The contract would have been cancelled if they hadn’t fulfilled all their financial obligations.
I wasn’t sure the book was worth reading.
The speaker said it was a historic discovery.
Did you say it was a historical novel?
Ex. 77. Translate into Russian, pay attention to the verbs with prepositions
1. Now I can give you a definite answer to the question you asked me about last time.
2. Let me show you the models you’re interested in.
3. I’m afraid they can’t settle the problem you’re talking about for such a long time.
4. I’ve read the article you told me about from beginning to end.
5. Have you met the man you’re going to work with?
6. Unlike many other cities, it isn’t very noisy.
7. Unlike many other people, he prefers to travel by train.
8. This is only a preliminary plan.
9. A preliminary agreement has already been signed.
10. The building is still under construction.
11. The gallery is under reconstruction.
12. We operate the equipment according to the instructions.
13. According to a preliminary arrangement there will be another discussion before the contract is signed.
14. According to the latest reports, the situation hasn’t changed.
15. There’s no doubt that all the financial obligations will be fulfilled.
16. That piece of land is, without any doubt, the best site for the construction of a health centre.
Ex. 78. Put the questions to subordinate clauses using interrogative words: why, when, on what condition
He will leave the office when he finishes the work.
They wll carry out that research provided they get this new device.
She will not go to college as she doesn’t feel good.
I’ll leave college before he comes there.
She needs help because she lives quite alone.
They will take a plane if they go to Kiev.
He came late yesterday because he had a lot of work to do at his office.
We’ll send them a telegram as soon as he arrives.
She will visit her parents this week if she is not too busy.
Ex.79. Translate into Russian
We were looking forward to seeing him in Moscow.
Please turn on the radio!. They are giving commentary on the contest.
Frankly, the chances are a hundred to one against us.
Don’t you think the picture looks better from a distance?
I’m sorry I had no opportunity to discuss the matter again.
When I left the house I felt a strong wind blowing.
We all expect the situation to improve in future.
I could see them shouting something, but I couldn’t hear a word at such a distance.
It would be fair to say that each of us has every opportunity to improve his or her English.
I was told that some distance behind the church there was a beautiful lake.
Ex. 80. Put the verb into the correct form will/won’t or the Present Simple
Before you…(leave) don’t forget to shut the windows.
I…(phone) you as soon as I…(arrive) in London.
Please don’t touch anything before the police ( come).
Everyone… (be) very surprised if he…(pass) the examination.
When you…(see) Brian again, you…(not/ recognize) him.
Ex. 81. Choose a proper word one or it
It’s a very useful article. Read ….very carefully.
I’m looking for a coat for my daughter. I saw…in our shop window that I liked. Could I have…?
“Let’s have a snack in a café today”. “good idea! I know…round the corner. …is very nice”.
It’s so convenient to work with a computer. I’m going to buy…when I have enough money.
Ex. 82. Use the correct verb form (infinitive with or without to, gerund or participle) in these sentences
Miss Wade used ( drive) a car, but she is very old now.
You will soon get used to (drive) on the other side of the road.
Don’t forget (bring) my book back on Monday.
You did not remember (bring) my book back last time I lent you one.
Don’t you remember (meet) me in Naples two years ago?
Will it ever stop (rain)?
From time to time we (look) at them.
Remember (put) the coat out before you go to bed.
I do not feel like (go) to the office this morning.
How did the cat get into the house? I remember (put) it out last night.
You will soon get used to (read) from right to left after a few lessons in Arabic.
Did I hear you (say) you would like (sell) your motor-cycle?
I don’t mind (go) to bed early, but I don’t like (get) up early.
I saw her (look) into a shop window in Oxford Street yesterday.
Stop (worry) about these verbs now. This is the last sentence.
Ex.83. Put the verbs in bracket in a proper grammar tense.
I…(not/belong) to a political party.
Hurry! The bus ….(come) I…(not/want) to miss it.
The River Nile….(flow) into the Mediterranean.
…(it/ever/ snow) in India?
We usually…(grow) vegetables in our garden, but this year we …(not/go) any.
Can you drive? – No, but I….(learn). My father…(teach) me.
You can borrow my umbrella. I…(not/need) it at the moment.
I usually…(enjoy) parties but…(not/enjoy) this one very much.
George says he’s 80 years old, but I…(not/believe) him.
Ron is in London now. He…(stay) at the Hilton Hotel. He usually …(stay) at the hotel wnen he’s in London.
Ex.84. Use Infinitive or Participle
The traffic warden made the driver…the car (stop/stopping).
The children watched the clown….different tricks (make/making).
When I was a child my parents didn’t let me… ice-cream.(have/having)
In the forest we saw some birds ….their nests…(build/building).
They’ve never heard him…a rude word (say/saying).
Has she ever heard him…lies? (tell/telling)
She watched the cake…(be baked/being baked).
The old couple watched their gardener …grass in their garden (cut/cutting).
Nobody will make me… my mind (change/changing).
I can often hear her…some papers (type/typing).
Ex. 85. According the situation make a sentence of your own.
“Don’t forget to post the letter”, - Jack said to me. Jack reminded….
She told me that it would be best if I told the police about the accident. She advised…
I told you that you shouldn’t tell him anything. I warned…
I was surprised that it rained. I didn’t expect….
“Would you like to have dinner with me?” Tom said to Ann. Tom invited….
Ex. 86. Put the verb into the correct form, -ing or to + infinitive
You lent me some money a few months ago. –Did I? That’s strange. I don’t remember…(lend) you any money.
We tried…(put) the fire out but we were unsuccessful. We had to call the fire-brigade.
When you see Tom, remember…(give) him my regards, won’t you?
What do you intend…(do) about this problem?
Someone must have taken my bag. I clearly remember …(leave) it by the window and now it has gone.
When she saw what had happened, she began …(laugh) loudly.
Sue needed some money. She tried…(ask) Gerry but he couldn’t help her.
He tried…(reach) the shelf but he wasn’t tall enough.
“Did you remember…(phone) Ann?” –“Oh, no, I completely forgot”.
I asked them to be quite but they continued…(make) a lot of noise.
Ex. 87. Open the brackets, put a correct form of the verb
Do you mind…(travel,) such a long way ( work every day)?
Ann loves…(cook) but she hates …(wash up).
I can’t stand people…(tell) me what to do when I’m driving.
I don’t like that house. I would hate…(live) there.
Do you like…(drive)?
When I have to catch a train, I’m always worried about it. So, I like (get) to the station in plenty of time.
I very much enjoy…(listen) to classical music.
I would love…(come) to our wedding but it just isn’t possible.
Sometimes I’d like…(learn) to play the guitar.
Ex.88. Make negative questions
I hope we don’t meet Brian tonight. –Why? (you/not/like him?)
I’ll have to borrow some money. –Why? (you/not/have any?)
Don’t go and see that film.— Why? (it/not/be/good?)
Ex. Write a question with “try”
My electric shaver is not working/ (change the batteries) Have you tried…?
I can’t contact Fred. He/s not at home. (phone him at work) . Have you….?
I’m having difficulty sleeping at night. (take sleeping tablets). Have you…?
The television picture isn’t very good. (move the aerial) Have you tried…?
Ex. 89. Translate into Russian
He wouldn’t have been injured if he had been more careful.
I wonder how seriously he was injured.
Did you hurt yourself?
We would have protested if they had acted against the law.
I suggest talking to a lawyer.
Every businessman should know civil law.
Why do you think he decided to give up medicine and study law?
I wished he would drop the subject.
You speak as if you were displeased with something.
I wish I had accepted their suggestion.
I wish I had drawn his attention to it.
Hе speaks Dutch so well as if he had lived in Holland all his life.
I wished they were our neighbors.
I wish you would believe me.
Ex. 90. Translate into Russian
Could you tell me the name of the team which won the last match?
The athlete who’s won the first prize is only seventeen.
Jim’s so lucky at cards! He hardly ever loses a game! He nearly always wins.
In 1812 the Russian people won the war against Napoleon.
Let me congratulate all the people who’ve taken part in the work on their great success!
I wonder if I’ll ever learn to keep my temper!
They complain that the equipment is giving a poor performance.
It’s a fair price, isn’t it?
What exciting news!
We would not have troubled you, if it hadn’t been so complicated.
The doctor said that I was fit to go in for any kind of sport.
There is a slight increase in business.
Ex. 91. Translate the sentences into Russian, paying attention to Complex Object
We are friends, and I naturally want him to be perfectly frank with me.
The Director General wants us to compare those projects and say what we think of them.
I didn’t expect the discussion to be so tiring.
Frankly we had expected them to find a better place for the exhibition.
Everybody expected the talks to be a success.
We expect the problem to be solved in the near future.
Ex. 92. Answer the following questions
Do you often borrow money and things from your friends and neighbors or do you prefer not to?
Was any damage caused to London during the World War II?
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