- •Предисловие
- •Unit 1 What is it all about?
- •I. Answer the comprehension questions:
- •II.Vocabulary
- •III.Translate from Russian into English:
- •IV. Communicative practice. Situations.
- •Russian Experience
- •In Search of Intellect and Wealth
- •1. Economic environment.
- •2. Economics.
- •3. Economy. Unit 2 Economics and Economy
- •I. Comprehension questions
- •II.Vocabulary
- •III.Translate from Russian into English
- •IV.Communicative practice. Situations
- •Russian Experience
- •Gauging the True Size of Russia’s Economy
- •Russia No longer Among World Market’s Top Players
- •Unit 3 The Oil Price Shocks
- •I. Comprehension questions
- •II.Vocabulary
- •III.Translate from Russian into English
- •IV. Communicative practice. Situations
- •World Experience
- •Cheap Oil! Good news for the world’s consumers, but bad news for struggling producers
- •More Money in Most Pockets
- •Income Distribution
- •I. Comprehension questions
- •II.Vocabulary
- •III.Translate from Russian into English
- •IV. Communicative practice. Situations
- •Russian Experience
- •Shop assistance We’ve all heard of the New Rich in Russia, but what do they spend their money on? John Helmer digs into the latest consumer research and comes up with some unexpected answers.
- •Unit 5 The Role of the Market
- •I. Comprehension questions
- •II. Vocabulary
- •III. Translate from Russian into English
- •IV. Communicative practice. Situations
- •Russian Experience
- •By Roy Medvedev
- •Unit 6 Demand, Supply, and the Market
- •I. Comprehension questions
- •II.Vocabulary
- •III.Translate from Russian into English
- •IV. Communicative practice. Situations
- •Russian Experience
- •Citicorp Invests in Russia
- •Unit 7 What Do Governments Do?
- •I. Comprehension questions
- •II. Vocabulary
- •III.Translate from Russian into English
- •IV. Communicative practice. Situations
- •Russian Experience
- •Russia Has Dropped Out of the Community of Developed Countries
- •Incomes and expenditures.
- •1. Transfer payments
- •2. Social security and unemployment benefits
- •3. Income tax
- •Unit 8 What Should Governments Do?
- •Most of the goods supplied by businesses and demanded by consumers are private goods
- •I. Comprehension questions
- •II.Vocabulary
- •III.Translate from Russian into English
- •IV. Communicative practice
- •Russian Experience
- •State Duma Rejects Welfare Package Again
- •Unit 9 Business Organization
- •I. Comprehension questions
- •II. Vocabulary
- •III.Translate from Russian into English
- •IV. Communicative practice. Situations
- •Russian Experience
- •Common Profile of a Russian Enterprise
- •Unit 10 Market Structure and Imperfect Competition
- •I. Comprehension questions
- •II. Vocabulary
- •III.Translate from Russian into English:
- •IV. Situations and communication practice
- •Russian Experience
- •Russian Tobacco Manufacturers Lie Low
- •Unit 11 Factor Markets: Labour
- •I. Comprehension questions
- •II.Vocabulary
- •III.Translate from Russian into English:
- •IV. Communicative practice. Situations
- •Russian Experience
- •Recruitment in Russia: Still Climbing
- •Insufficient social integration.
- •Working Without Pay
- •Unit 12 Human capital
- •I. Comprehension questions
- •II.Vocabulary
- •III.Translate from Russian into English
- •IV. Communicative practice. Situations
- •World Experience
- •Finding Opportunity in the Global Economy. By Bill Gates.
- •1. Human capital
- •2. Signalling and screening.
- •3. Pay differentials. Unit 13 Coping with Risk in Economic Life
- •I. Comprehension questions
- •II.Vocabulary
- •III.Translate from Russian into English
- •IV. Communicative practice. Situations
- •Russian Experience
- •Reuters Eyes on Russia’s Risks
- •Unit 14 Taxes and Public Spending
- •I. Comprehension questions
- •II. Vocabulary
- •III.Translate from Russian into English
- •IV. Communicative practice. Situations
- •Russian Experience
- •Taxes Higher in Russia Than Elsewhere
- •A Country Where People Pay Taxes
- •Unit 15 Money and Modern Banking
- •I. Comprehension questions
- •II.Vocabulary
- •III.Translate from Russian into English
- •IV. Communicative practice. Situations
- •Russian Experience
- •Savings of “Very Rich” Families (Data of a quality interview)
- •The Battle of the Banks
- •The History of Russian Money (The ruble celebrates its 1000th birthday)
- •Unit 16
- •International Trade and Commercial Policy
- •I. Comprehension questions
- •II.Vocabulary
- •III.Translate from Russian into English
- •IV. Communicative practice. Situations
- •Russian Experience
- •Higher Excise on Imports
- •Contents
I. Comprehension questions
1. Why is the world a risky place?
2. How does the presence of risk affect our actions?
3. What helps us deal with the risky environment?
4. What activities increase the risk we face and what activities reduce it?
5. What is people’s general attitude to risk?
6. What economic institutions allow people who dislike risk most to pass on their risks to others who are willing or able to bear these risks?
7. Who can be considered a risk-neutral person? Risk-averse? A risk-lover?
8. Is there anything in common between insurance and gambling?
9. What do decisions about gambling or insurance depend on?
10. How do insurance companies make money?
11. Why is it worthwhile looking for ways to reduce risks?
12. How does risk-pooling work?
13. When is risk-sharing necessary? How does it work?
14. What is the essence of insurance?
15. What do we call the problem of moral hazard?
16. How does a risk-averse investor select which portfolio or wealth composition to hold?
17. How does diversification reduce risk?
18. What is the compensation for risk?
II.Vocabulary
1. to add to a bank account — положить деньги на счет в банке;
2. be promoted — повыситься по службе;
3. net risk — чистый риск;
4. to face risks, to bear risks — оказаться перед риском;
5. return on an investment — доходность вложений;
6. fair (unfair) gamble — честная (нечестная) игра;
7. monetary (non-monetary) profit — денежная (неденежная) прибыль;
8. odds (on the gamble; on a profit) — шансы (в игре; на прибыль);
9. risk-averse ( individual) — неохотно рискующий (человек);
10. risk-loving, risk-lover — любящий рисковать, любитель рисковать;
11. risk-neutral (person) — равнодушный к риску (человек);
12. insurance — страховка;
13. an insurance company — страховая компания;
14. to insure — страховать;
15. insurance market — страховой рынок;
16. to provide insurance — обеспечить страховку;
17. to be insured against theft — застраховаться от кражи;
18. to insure property — застраховать имущество;
19. life insurance — страхование жизни;
20. to get insurance — получить страховку;
21. premium — страховой взнос;
22. to quote the low premium rates — назначать низкие ставки страховых взносов;
23. to charge premium — взимать страховые взносы;
24. to decline (to accept) an offer — отклонить (принять) предложение;
25. utility — выгодность;
26. to calculate utility — рассчитать выгодность;
27. to afford the essentials of life — позволить себе только самое необходимое в жизни;
28. to pool (risky incomes) — объединять (рискованные прибыли);
29. to reduce risks by pooling — сокращать риски с помощью объединения;
30. to aggregate independent risks — объединять независимые риски;
31. to share risks (subdivide) — делить риски (подразделять);
32. natural disaster — стихийное бедствие;
33. actuarial calculations — страховые расчеты;
34. the rates of return (on shares, on bank deposits, on the portfolio) — доходность (по акциям, депозитным вкладам, по ценным бумагам);
35. diversification — диверсификация (вложение капитала в различные виды ценных бумаг).