- •The Syllable. The Principles of Syllable Division. The nature of the syllable.
- •Syllable division rules for simple words and parts of compound words
- •The Primary and the Secondary Meaning of Letters.
- •Reading of vowels in stressed syllables
- •The Primary Sound Meanings of Vowels in Different Types of Syllables.
- •Test II
- •Reading of Stressed Vowels in Combination with Letter ”r”
- •Idioms, sayings:
- •Reading of Vowel Digraphs*
- •Principles of Reading Vowel Digraphs
- •Reading of digraphs “oo”, “ou” in homographes:
- •Vowel Letter Combinations
- •Reading of Unstressed Vowels.
- •Reading of Consonants
- •Reading of “c, g, j”
- •Reading of Endings -(e)s, -(e)d
- •Reading of combinations of vowels with consonants.
- •Mute Consonants
- •Reading of English Consonant Clusters
- •Reading of “ng, nk”
- •Reading of letter “n”
- •Revision and Consolidation Practice
- •I) Each word here has the sound [u:]. How many ways are there to spell this sound? Arrange the words into the groups:
- •Additional Practice in Reading and Memory Work
Reading of digraphs “oo”, “ou” in homographes:
slough – сброшенная кожа змеи, забытая привычка; уныние, депрессия, болото.
bouse – выпивка, пьянство; тянуть, спасти.
wound – рана; крутиться, извиваться (past of wind)
Ex. 5.9 Translate the sentences and transcribe the underlined words:
When I was going through the slough, I saw a slough.
2. Sometimes your slough can remind about itself. We went to the forest and found a slough there.
3. A man was injured, he had a wound. A snake wound in the cage.
4. While he was wounding, somebody wounded him.
5. There were so many bouses on his birthday.
6. Bouse is the most actual problem nowadays. Among the sea terms you can find the word “to bouse”.
Ex. 5.10
Place the following words in the grids according to their vowel sound.
Rich\ curl\ death\ month\ shone\ lawn\ cart\ suit\ breathe\ flashed\ loom\ herd\ still\ earn\ hemmed\ poured\ torn\ scene\ cruise\ floor\ dock\ just\ would\ don\ sword\ hoop\ banned\ rang\ bin\ love\ hat\ bird\ stabbed\ hood\ farm\ ought\ ridge\ ton\ cloth\ chalk\ hoot\ son\ link\ next\ calm\ germ\ hymn\ cab\ wood\ breath\ creep\ itch\ blood\ cough\ should\ could\ black\ said\ pearl\ edge\ shopped\ eve\ barred\ soup\ leaf\ bard\ begged
Short vowel sounds
pit [pIt] |
pat [pæt] |
pet [pet] |
putt [pʌt] |
pot [pɒt] |
put [pυt] |
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Long vowel sounds
peat [pi:t] |
pert [pз:t] |
part [pɑ:t] |
port [pɔ:t] |
boot [pu:t] |
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Ex. 5.11
a) Pronounce the words:
foot – booth – flood
booklet – coop – hook
hoof – footer – looter
wooed – wood – moorings
taproom – sooty – woof
doubt – honorable – tough
neighbour – drought – coup
should – soup – pouring
thought – amount – loaches
aloud – louver – brooch
colourist – pounding – coulter
b) Choose the right variant:
[u:] a) wood, b) foolish, c) country
[Λ] a) ooze, b) flood, c) boot
[υ:] a) good, b) brooch, c) floor
[əυ] a) nourish, b) mould, c) koumiss
[Λ] a) cough, b) tough, c) soup
[u:] a) douche, b) bounce, c) sound
c) Find the odd word:
1. plait, plaid, said, aiglet
2. heir, seize, ceiling, inveigle
3. Leicester, either, height, seismograph
4. break, great, steak, bread
5. tear, heart, fear, tear
Ex. 5.12 Give some examples on each of these combinations, but all of them should denote the sound [ei]:
ai ei
[ei]
ay ey
Ex. 5.13 Divide the words into columns:
[i:] |
[e] |
[aiə] |
[I] |
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Eel, bread, aegis, seize, leisure, said, quay, says, diet, key, monkey, ion, leopard, formulae, fiery, sweat, agree, giant, biscuit, lion, Leonard, connoisseur, violate, breath, diamond, auntie, pioneer, species, biological, people, jeopardy, piece, triumph, feather, via, friend, achieve, dialogue, mischief, diadem, build.
Ex. 5.14 Pronounce the following pairs of words and write down the sounds:
[
[ ] – [ ]: fool
–foot stoop
– stood coop
– cook [
] – [ ]: lead
– laid said
– sage [
] – [ ]: learner
– Lenny worthy
– weather [
] – [ ]: don’t
– daunt loan
– lawn oak-tree
– orchid [
] – [ ]: boy
– bore joy
– jaw coin
– corn noisier
– nausea [
] – [ ]: coach
– couch load
– laud rose
– rouse
daughter – Dottie
caution – coughing
naughty – novice
[ ] – [ ]:
joined – John
oyster – ostrich
soiled – solid
[ ] – [ ]:
tomb – tour
view – viewer
queue – cure
[ ] – [ ]:
cleaning – clearly
ease – ears
[ ] – [ ]:
beer – bear
teary – dairy
peer –pair
[ ] – [ ]:
climb – cloud
finder – founder
dry – drought
Ex. 5.15 Insert the suitable word:
fair/fare, buy/bye, waist/waste, flower/flour
This man in black is ...
When you get on bus you have to pay ...
My wife is satisfied with her good ...
It is necessary to say “Good ...” when you leave home.
It is a ... of time.
I am proud of my ...
We can’t bake a cake without ...
The girl has painted a ...
Ex. 5.16 Find a way from start to finish. You may pass a square only if the word in it has the sound [aυ]. You can move horizontally or vertically only.
START
house |
sound |
group |
about |
mouth |
cow |
soup |
out |
brown |
mouse |
bought |
south |
could |
couple |
grow |
low |
would |
cloud |
know |
snow |
touch |
ought |
down |
count |
thought |
should |
slow |
blow |
pound |
young |
soul |
country |
though |
throw |
town |
round |
FINISH
Ex. 5.17 Group the words below according to the pronunciation of the underlined letter(s). Compare the meanings of single vowels and vowel combinations. What principle of reading vowel digraphs do the given words illustrate?
1. [e] 2. [eı] 3. [I] |
4. [i:] 5. [aı] 6. [əυ] |
7. [ɒ] 8. [ ı] 9. [u:] |
Antennae, beg, beige, believe, brooch, bruise, boy, buy, by, coin, die, dine, either, got, in, key, made, maiden, needle, neutral, obey, pay, people, receive, seat, she, shoulder, soap, sold, soup, steak, tune, true.
Ex. 5.18 Practice reading the following words.
The letter "a":
pale, dale, rake, navy, table, ladle, staple, cradle, apron, sabre, latch, rack, jacket, quack, yank, jag, carry, parrot, garret, sparrow, barrel, rattle, tangle, sample, angry, fare, Mary, snare, daring, age, sharing, air, hairy, chair, repair, affair, farce, arch, jar, market, scarf, alarm, call. all, also, chalk, walk, tall, augur, sauce, pause, aught, author, caught, taught, claw, crawl, law, yawn, hawk, jaw, draw, day, nail, rain, wait, gait, quail, chain, away, praise, lay;
The letter "o":
nose, probe, Joe, quote, drove, wove, phone, noble, ogre, cobra, joke, ogle, yoke, jog, lodge, wrong, knock, knot, strong, core, shore, wore, oral, score, story, storm, mort, orchard, thorn, force, pork, lorry, horror, borrow, porridge, goggle, jostle, bottle, scallop, foam, coal, load, toast, roach, throat , coach, oak, roam, hold, cold, gold, jolt, stroll, roll, scold, pillow, show, window, snow, glow, crow, yellow, row, know, own, hook, hoys, coil, coy, choice, enjoy, roil, voice, destroy, cook, book, wood, look, stood, rook, coo, wool, soon, moon, zoo, broom, coop, hover, too, wooed, roof, ooze, sooth, out, about, mouth, south, scouts, count, down, town, crowd, crown, clown, howl, jowl, fowl, tower, power, flower, shower, coward, towel, trowel;
The letter "u":
cute, cube, humour, purple, unit, super, student, bugle, bugler, duty, computer, tunic, cure, Ural, pure, dual, obscure, endure, fury, curious, furious, jury, plural, cruel, rural, flue, true, rule, jute, truce, June, lunar, plume, chute, under, cut, run, jump, thunder, just, hungry, hurry, current, burrow, humble, struggle, bungle, uncle, buckle, crumple, cur, hurl, turkey, gurgle, curtains, Thursday, lurch, further, turn;
The letter "e":
bead, these, cede, Eve, recent, scene, secret, legal, sere, zero, sphere, cero, hero, mere, inhere, severe, era, well, text, vet, wet, zest, length, theft, gentle, error, cherry, sherry, Jerry, where, terror, derrick, kettle, temple, nettle, verse, germ, perch, concern, German, mercy, thermos, leap, knead, gleam, streak, teach, quean, streak, easy, wreak, veal, creek, cheep, screed, jeep, breeze, meeting, kneel, seethe, queer, wheedle, ear, tear, clear, weary, hear, rear, beard, smeary, beer, cheer, fleer, jeer, queer, pioneer, few, hew, news, yew, view, stew, newspaper, flew, grew, drew, blew, chew, threw, seize, deceive, conceit, conceive, receive, ceiling;
The letters "i/y":
nice, knife, fly, type, stifle, trifle, fibre, nylon, idle, hydra, cycle, quite, fire, lyre, tyre, quire, wire, byre, require, pick, quick, think, crypt, symbol, myth, system, gym, gyps, with, griddle, little, wiggle, sizzle, scribble, thimble, mirror, chirrup, squirrel, shirk, chirp, thirty, birch, smirch, sir, circle, quirt, Myrtle, bind, kind, mind, wind, grind, behind, high, light, might, knight, bright, thigh, tight, sigh, dial, trial, lion, diary, triumph, pioneer, flyer, giant, quiet, violin, field, grieve, believe, achieve, thief, thieve , piece.