Ex. 48. Choose a proper word.

1. There has been no rain for a week but the forecast says the weather’s going to change, so I (must/have to) carry my umbrella with me.

2. “I’m sorry I (must, have to) put off our appointment again. I’ve still run a high temperature.” – “Don’t worry! You (must’/ have to/should) stay at home till you feel well enough to go out. Get well!”

3. The buses were full and we (must/have to) take a taxi.

4. I think you should see a lawyer/consult a doctor/be very careful with this equipment.

5. You ought to visit them more often/to have told me about it long ago/to have compared your chances before taking a decision.

Ex. 49. Say, that you may do it at some other time

1. He needn’t go there now (in an hour)

2. You needn’t wash the dishes now (after dinner)

3. Nelly needn’t go to the market today. (tomorrow)

4. She needn’t change her dress now (in the evening)

5. She needn’t buy a new coat this year (next winter)

6. I needn’t return the book this week (next week)

7. You needn’t turn on the light now (in half an hour)

8. We needn’t wear our coats now (in the autumn)

Ex. 50. Use the correct verb form (infinitive with or without to , gerund or participle) in these sentences

1. It has began (rain)

2. It has stopped (rain)

3. Please, let me (help) you (put) your coat on.

4. I can hear somebody (talk) in the next room.

5. You must (start) early if you want (get) there before dark.

6. Would you mind (make) less noise?

7. Would you like (go) to the cinema?

8. Do you enjoy (do) these exercises?

9. I heard Mr. Green (say) he would like (sell) his car.

10. Please don’t forget (post) the letters.

11. Did you remember (post) the letters?

12. Yes, I remember (drop) them into the box.

13. You must (do) what I tell you (do) without (ask) why.

14. They make students (work) very hard here, don’t they?

15. It was kind of you (help).

Ex. 51. Translate into Russian

1. There is no denying the fact that his appearances would have caused a sensation.

2. There is no denying that Yorkshire is the biggest county in England.

3. The boy had to deny breaking the vase as he knew he would be punished if he admitted it.

4. Although it was obvious to me that my sister had taken my favorite book she denied having anything to do with it.

Ex. 52. Put the verbs in bracket into the correct form, using where possible Participles and Gerunds:

1. (to be fond of) music my brother never misses an opportunity to go to a good concert.

2. (to walk) about the town for some time, he went up to a man (to stand) at a street corner and asked to be directed to the main square.

3. I thought I had lost my bag and was therefore very grateful to the man who (to bring) it back to me.

4. I (to realize) what a talented writer he was until I saw his play (to stage) in a Moscow theatre.

5. The man who (to make) the opening speech at the exhibition is a well-known painter.

Ex.53. Answer the questions, using Gerund

1. Why do you always wear a hat? (like)

2. Why does Ann watch television so often? (enjoy)

3. Why do you never go to the cinema? (not like)

4. Why does Jack take so many photographs? (like)

5. Why don’t you work in the evenings? (hate)

Ex. 54. Read each situation and then write a sentence with or without -ing

1. He translated the article. He didn’t use a dictionary.

2. Look right and left before you cross the road.

3. She got married. Nobody knew about it.

4. I don’t usually carry my passport with me. (I/afraid/lose/it)

5. The sea was very rough. (we/afraid/go/swimming)

6. We rushed to the station. (we/afraid/miss/our train)

7. I didn’t tell Tom thaat I thought hе had behaved foolishly. (I/afraid/hurt/his feelings)

8. In the middle of the film there was a particularly horrifying scene. (we/afraid/look)

9. The glasses were very full, so Ann carried them very carefully. (she/afraid/spill/the drinks)

10. I didn’t like the look of the food on my plate a) (I/afraid/eat it) b) (I/afraid/make /myself ill)

Ex.55. Make sentences with need -ing

1. This room hasn’t been painted for years. (paint)

2. The hair is too long. (cut)

3. Those shoes are rather dirty. (polish)

4. This plant hasn’t been watered for some time. (water)

5. Those screws are loose. (tighten)

6. Your jeans are too long. (take up)

Ex. 56. Translate into Russian

1. Nothing would have happened if you hadn’t lost your temper.

2. If you have anything to complain of, tell the hotel manager.

3. I admit he acted fairly.

4. It was an exciting event.

5. We were very impressed by her skill as a tennis coach.

6. He realized that it was no longer fit to do such hard work.

Ex. 57. Open the brackets

1. If they had waited, they (to find) me.

2. I (to go) if I had known.

3. If you (to read) the book carefully, you would understand it.

4. He (to write) to me only once since he went away; I (to send) him four letters.

5. I wish I (to know) his name.

6. It’s time we’ll go home.

7. I’d rather you (to go) now.

8. It’s about time you (to get) the tea ready.

9. Don’t you wish I (to come) earlier?

Passive Voice

Ex. 58.

1. I doubt whether everything was done according to the law.

2. Did you hurt your leg?

3. The law passed by the Parliament was published by several newspapers.

4. It’s the law of nature.

5. I don’t think it’s a lawful decision.

6. I wonder which of them will take over and run the company.

7. He wouldn’t have been injured if had been more careful.

8. Oyr counterparts have just been shown round the factory.

9. All the important things have been explained to them.

10. He’s been appointed ambassador to an African country.

11. Excuse me, you are wanted on the phone.

12. He’s never been taught to play the piano, has he?

13. Two more engineers have just been sent for.

Ex. 59. Use Passive Voice

1. The bill includes service. Service…in the bill.

2. People don’t use this road very often. The road….

3. They cancelled all flights because of fog. All flights…

4. Somebody accused me of stealing money. I….

5. They are building a new ring-road round the city. A new ring-road…

6. I didn’t realize that someone was recording our conversation. I didn’t realize that our conversation…

7. They have changed the date of the meeting. The date of the meeting ….

8. Brian told me that somebody had attacked and robbed him in the street. Brian told me that he…

Ex. 60. Translate into Russian, pay attention to using passive forms of the infinitive

1. His recent publication’s much talked about.

2. All the children are looked after by trained nurses.

3. If everything hadn’t been agreed on in good time, we’d have found ourselves in a very difficult situation.

4. Everything can be arranged in good time.

5. Our obligations under the contract can only be fulfilled if we are given answers to all the questions on this list.

6. If the weather doesn’t change for the better, the match may be cancelled.

7. If the fire brigade hadn’t arrived so quickly, the house might have been destroyed by the fire.

8. If I don’t get well by Friday, our appointment will have to be put off.

9. All spheres of life are going to be represented at the exhibition.