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1. Read Text a and decide if the following statements are true or false.

1) Australia is considered to be the second largest country by total area. 2) Australia’s flora and fauna is extremely diverse. 3) One part of the country was claimed by Great Britain in the 16th century. 4) Australia is a parliamentary monarchy. 5) The country’s flag doesn’t contain any stars. 6) The national emblems of the country are the daffodil and the kangaroo. 7) Australia takes the 4th place among the countries with the world’s largest economy. 8) The country is ranked highly in quality of life.

Text a. Australia in brief

Australia officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands. The world's smallest continent and sixth largest country by total area Australia's landmass of 7,617,930 sq. km. is surrounded by the Indian and Pacific oceans. It is separated from Asia by the Arafura and Timor seas, with the Coral Sea lying off the Queensland coast, and the Tasman Sea lying between Australia and New Zealand.

Due to its size Australia has a wide variety of landscapes, with tropical rainforests in the north-east, mountain ranges in the south-east, south-west and east, and dry desert in the centre. Because of the continent's great age, Australia's biota is unique and diverse: about 85% of flowering plants, 84% of mammals, more than 45% of birds, and 89% of in-shore, temperate-zone fish.

For at least 40,000 years before the first British settlement in the late 18th century, Australia was inhabited by indigenous Australians, who spoke languages grouped into roughly 250 language groups. After the European discovery of the continent by Dutch explorers in 1606, Australia's eastern half was claimed by Great Britain in 1770.

Australia is a constitutional monarchy with a federal division of powers. It uses a parliamentary system of government with Queen Elizabeth II at its apex as the Queen of Australia, a role that is distinct from her position as monarch of the other Commonwealth realms. Australia has six states: New South Wales, Queensland, and South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia and two major mainland territories (the Australian Capital Territory and the Northern Territory).

The Australian flag contains the stars of the Southern Cross, which represent Australia's geographic position in the Southern Hemisphere. The large Commonwealth star symbolizes the federation of the states and territories, and the Union Jack reflects Australia's early ties to Great Britain. The Australian coat of arms consists of a shield containing the badges of the six Australian states, symbolizing federation, and the national symbols of the golden wattle, the kangaroo and the emu. By popular tradition, the kangaroo is accepted as the national animal emblem and the golden wattle was proclaimed the national floral emblem.

Australia is one of the wealthiest countries with the world's 12th-largest economy, and the total population of 23 million as of 2013. It generates its income from mining-related exports, telecommunications, banking and manufacturing. The country is ranked highly in quality of life, health, education, economic freedom, and the protection of civil liberties and political rights.

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