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.pdf65. Ɇɨɪɮɨ-ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɚ ɷɩɢɬɟɥɢɹ ɫɨɛɢɪɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ
ɬɪɭɛɨɱɟɤ ɜɵɛɟɪɢɬɟ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɵɟ ɨɬɜɟɬɵ |
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ɚ ɨɞɧɨɫɥɨɣɧɵɣ ɩɥɨɫɤɢɣ |
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ɛ ɨɞɧɨɫɥɨɣɧɵɣ ɤɭɛɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ |
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ɜ ɤɥɟɬɤɢ ɫɜɟɬɥɵɟ ɢ ɬɺɦɧɵɟ |
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ɝ ɭɱɚɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɜ ɪɟɚɛɫɨɪɛɰɢɢ ɜɨɞɵ |
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ɞ ɭɱɚɫɬɜɭɸɬ ɜ ɮɢɥɶɬɪɚɰɢɢ ɤɪɨɜɢ |
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ɟ ɜɵɞɟɥɹɸɬ ɩɪɨɫɬɚɝɥɚɧɞɢɧɵ |
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ɠ ɜ ɰɢɬɨɥɟɦɦɟ ɧɚɯɨɞɹɬɫɹ ɚɤɜɚɩɨɪɢɧɵ– ɢɧɬɟɝɪɚɥɶɧɵɟɛɟɥɤɢ |
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ɨɛɪɚɡɭɸɳɢɟ ɜɨɞɧɵɟ ɤɚɧɚɥɵ |
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ɡ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨ ɫɢɧɬɟɡɢɪɭɟɬ ɪɟɧɢɧ |
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66. Ɇɨɪɮɨ-ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɚ ɷɩɢɬɟɥɢ ɫɨɛɢɪɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ |
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ɬɪɭɛɨɱɟɤ ɜɵɛɟɪɢɬɟ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɵɣ ɨɬɜɟɬ |
ɚ |
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ɚ ɨɞɧɨɫɥɨɣɧɵɣ ɤɭɛɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ |
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ɛ ɤɥɟɬɤɢ ɫɜɟɬɥɵɟɢ ɬɺɦɧɵɟ |
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ɜ ɭɱɚɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɜ ɪɟɚɛɫɨɪɛɰɢɢ ɜɨɞɵ |
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ɝ ɜɵɞɟɥɹɸɬɩɪɨɫɬɚɝɥɚɧɞɢɧɵ |
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ɞ ɜ ɰɢɬɨɥɟɦɦɟ |
ɚɯɨɞɹɬɫɹɚɤɜɚɩɨɪɢ ɵ– ɢɧɬɟɝɪɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɛɟɥɤɢ |
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ɨɛɪɚɡɭɸɳɢɟ ɜɨɞɧɵɟ ɤɚɧɚɥɵ |
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ɟ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɭɸɬɫɹ ɚɧɧɬɢɞɢɭɪɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɝɨɪɦɨɧɨɦ |
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ɜɚɡɨɩɪɟɫɫɢɧ |
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ɠɜɫɺɩɟɪɟɱɢɫɥɟɧɧ ɟɜɟɪɧɨ |
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67. Ɇɨɪɮɨ-ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɚɹɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɚ ɫɜɟɬɥɵɯɤɥɟɬɨɤ |
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ɫɨɛɢɪɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɬ ɭɛɨɱɟɤ ɜɵɛɟɪɢɬɟ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɵɣ ɨɬɜɟɬ |
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ɚ ɷɬɨ ɤɥɟɬɢɤɭɛɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɮɨɪɦɵ |
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ɛ ɨɤɪɭɠɨɟɧɵ ɜɬɨɪɢɱɧɨɣ ɤɚɩɢɥɥɹɪɧɨɣ ɫɟɬɶɸ |
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ɜ ɜɵɪɚɛɚɬɵɜɚɸɬ ɩɪɨɫɬɚɝɥɚɧɞɢɧɵ |
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ɝ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɤɥɟɬɤɢ ɨɛɥɚɞɚɸɬ ɝɢɩɨɬɟɧɡɢɜɧɵɦɞɟɣ ɬɜɢɟɦ |
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ɞ ɜɫɺ ɩɟɪɟɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɟ ɜɟ ɧɨ |
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68. Ɇɨɱɟɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɫɨɫɬɨɢɬ ɢɡ ɜɟ ɧɨ ɜɫɺ ɤɤɪɨɦɟ |
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ɚ ɮɢɥɶɬɪɚɰɢɢ |
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ɛ ɪɟɚɛɫɨɪɛɰɢɢ |
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ɜ ɩɨɞɤɢɫɥɟɧɢɹ
69. ɋɨɩɨɫɬɚɜɶɬɟ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫ ɦɨɱɟɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɨ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚɦɢ ɩɨɱɤɢ ɮɢɥɶɬɪɚɰɢɹ ɚɩɨɱɟɱɧɵɟ ɬɟɥɶɰɚ ɪɟɚɛɫɨɪɛɰɢɹ ɛ ɩɪɨɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɨɬɞɟɥ ɧɟɮɪɨɧɚ ɫɟɤɪɟɰɢɹ ɜ ɞɢɫɬɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɨɬɞɟɥ ɜɵɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɦɨɱɢ ɝ ɫɨɛɢɪɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɬɪɭɛɨɱɤɢ ɩɨɞɤɢɫɥɟɧɢɟ ɦɨɱɢ ɞ ɩɨɱɟɱɧɵɟ ɱɚɲɟɱɤɢ
ɟ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɦɨɱɟɜɵɯ ɤɚɧɚɥɶɰɟɜ
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70.ɋɨɩɨɫɬɚɜɶɬɟ ɨɬɞɟɥɵ ɧɟɮɪɨɧɚ ɫ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɦɢ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɦɢ
ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚɦɢ ɩɪɨɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɨɬɞɟɥ ɚ ɪɟɚɛɫɨɪɛɰɢɹ
ɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɚɹ ɱɚɫɬɶ ɩɟɬɥɢ Ƚɟɧɥɟ ɧɢɡɤɨɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɹɪɧɵɯ ɛɟɥɤɨɜ ɜɨɫɯɨɞɹɳɚɹ ɱɚɫɬɶ ɩɟɬɥɢ Ƚɟɧɥɟ ɚɦɢɧɨɤɢɫɥɨɬ ɝɥɸɤɨɡɵ ɞɢɫɬɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɨɬɞɟɥ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɥɢɬɨɜ ɛ ɪɟɚɛɫɨɪɛɰɢɹ ɜɨɞɵ ɫɨɛɢɪɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɬɪɭɛɨɱɤɢ ɜ ɫɟɤɪɟɰɢɹ ɣɨɧɨɜ
ɩɨɱɟɱɧɨɟ ɬɟɥɶɰɟ ɜɨɞɨɪɨɞɚ NH4 ɷɧɞɨɤɪɢɧɧɵɣ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫ ɝ ɪɟɚɛɹɫɨɪɛɰɢɹ ɧɚɬɪɢɹ ɢ ɯɥɨɪɚɚ
ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ
71. Ʉɚɤɢɟ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢɫɨɫɭɞɢɫɬɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɩɨɱɤɢɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɸɬ
ɨɩɬɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚ ɦɨɱɱɟɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɭɜɡɪɨɫɥɨɝɨ ɜɟɪɧɨ ɜɫɺ ɤɪɨɦɟ
ɚ ɤɨɪɨɬɤɚɹ a. renalis ɨɬɯɨɞɹɳɚɹɩɪɹɦɨ ɨɬ ɚɨɪɬɵ ɜɵɫɨɤɨɟ |
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ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ |
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ɛ ɪɚɡɧɨɫɬɶ ɞɢɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ a. afferens ɢa. efferens ɜɵɫɨɤɨɟɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ |
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ɜ ɫɨɫɭɞɢɫɬɵɣ ɤɥɭɛɨɱɟɤ ɨɥɶɲɟ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫ ɮɢɥɶɬɪɚɰɢɢɹ ɝɷɧɞɨɬɟɥɢɣ ɫ ɮɟɧɟɫɬɪɚɦɢ ɢ ɩɨɪɚɦɢ ɨɛɥɟɝɱɺɧɧɚ ɮɢɥɶɬɪɚɰɢɹ ɞ ɧɚɥɢɱɢɟ lamina densa ɢɫɬɢɧɧɨ ɢɡɛɢɪɚɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɦɟɦɛɪɚɧɚ ɟ ɜɬɨɪɢɱɧɚɹ ɤɚɩɢɥɥɹɪɧɚɹ ɫɟɬɶ ɡɚɛɨɪ ɪɟɚɛɫɨɪɛɟɧɬɨɜ ɠ ɧɚɪɭɠɧɵɣ ɥɢɫɬɨɤ ɤɚɩɫɭɥɵ
ɜ ɤɚɩɢɥɥɹɪɚɯ
722. ɏɚɪɚɤɤɬɟɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɚ ɦɨɱɟɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɜɵɛɟɪɢɬɟɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɵɟ ɨɬɜɟɬɵ
ɚɡɚ ɫɭɬɤɢ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɩɨɱɤɢ ɩ |
ɨɯɨɞɢɬ ɞɨ ɥ ɤɪɨɜɢ |
ɪ |
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ɛɡɚ ɫɭɬɤɢ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɩɨɱɤɢ ɩɪɨɯɨɞɢɬ ɞɨ ɥ ɤɪɨɜɢ |
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ɜ ɜ ɩɨɱɟɱɧɨɦ ɬɟɥɶɰɟɟɮɢɥɶɬɬɪɪɭɟɬɫɹ ɞɨɥ ɩɟɪɜɢɱɧɨɣ ɦɨɱɢ ɝ ɜ ɩɨɱɟɱɧɨɦ ɬ ɥɶɰɟ ɮɢɥɶɬ ɭɟɟɬɫɹ ɞɨɥ ɩɟɪɜɢɱɧɨɣ ɦɨɱɢ ɞ ɫɭɬɨɱɧɵɣ ɞɢɭɪɟɡɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬɨɤɨɥɨ ɥ ɨɤɨɧɱɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɦɨɱɢ
73. ɏɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɚ ɦɨɱ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɜɟɪɧɨ ɜɫɺ ɤɪɨɦɟ ɚ ɜ ɤɚɩɫɭɥɟ ɒɭɦɥɹɧɫɤɨɝɨ–Ȼɨɭɦ ɧɚ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɬ ɮɢɥɶɬɪɚɰɢɹ ɩɥɚɡɦɵ ɛ ɜ ɩɪɨɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɦ ɨɬɞɟɥɟ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɬ ɢɡɛɢɪɚɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɨɛɥɢɝɚɬɧɚɹ
ɪɟɚɛɫɨɪɛɰɢɹ ɚɦɢɧɨɤɢɫɥɨɬ ɢ ɝɥɸɤɨɡɵ ɜ ɜ ɩɪɨɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɦ ɨɬɞɟɥɟ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɬ ɫɟɤɪɟɰɢɹ ɤɢɫɥɨɬ ɢ ɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɝ ɜ ɩɟɬɥɟ Ƚɟɧɥɟ ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɚɟɬɫɹ ɪɟɚɛɫɨɪɛɰɢɹ ɚɦɢɧɨɤɢɫɥɨɬ ɞ ɜ ɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɟɦ ɤɨɥɟɧɟ ɩɟɬɥɢ Ƚɟɧɥɟ ɪɟɚɛɫɨɪɛɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ ɜɨɞɚ ɟ ɜ ɜɨɫɯɨɞɹɳɟɦ ɤɨɥɟɧɟ ɩɟɬɥɢ Ƚɟɧɥɟ ɪɟɚɛɫɨɪɛɢɪɭɸɬɫɹ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɥɢɬɵ ɠ ɜ ɞɢɫɬɚɥɶɧɨɦ ɨɬɞɟɥɟ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɬ ɮɚɤɭɥɶɬɚɬɢɜɧɚɹ ɪɟɚɛɫɨɪɛɰɢɹ
ɜɨɞɵ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɥɢɬɨɜ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɩɨɞɤɢɫɥɟɧɢɟ ɜɨɞɵ
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74.Ʉɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɵ ɨɤɨɧɱɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɦɨɱɢ ɜɵɛɟɪɢɬɟ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɵɣ ɨɬɜɟɬ
ɚ ɩɨɞɤɢɫɥɟɧɧɚɹ ɜɨɞɚ ɲɥɚɤɢ ɦɨɱɟɜɢɧɚ ɚɦɦɢɚɱɧɵɟ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɹ
ɜɪɟɞɧɵɟ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɦɭ ɦɟɬɚɛɨɥɢɬɵ
ɛ ɩɨɞɤɢɫɥɟɧɧɚɹ ɜɨɞɚ ɷɪɢɬɪɨɰɢɬɵ ɦɚɥɵɟ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɢ
ɚɦɢɧɨɤɢɫɥɨɬɵ ɢ ɝɥɸɤɨɡɵ
75.ɋɨɫɬɚɜ ɜɬɨɪɢɱɧɨɣ ɦɨɱɢ ɜɟɪɧɨ ɜɫɺ ɤɪɨɦɟ
ɚ ɨɛɴɟɦ ɦɨɱɢ– ɨɤɨɥɨ ɥ |
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ɛ ɧɟɬ ɛɟɥɤɨɜ |
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ɜ ɧɟɬ ɝɥɸɤɨɡɵ |
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ɝ ɦɧɨɝɨ ɦɨɱɟɜɢɧɵ |
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ɞ ɦɧɨɝɨ ɜɨɞɵ |
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ɟ ɦɧɨɝɨ ɤɪɟɚɬɢɧɢɧɚ |
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ɠ ɦɚɥɨ ɷɥɟɤɬɨɥɢɬɨɜ |
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76. Ɉɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɤɪɨɜɨɫɧɚɛɠɟ ɢɹ ɩɨɱɟɤ ɡ ɤɥɸɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɟɦ |
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ɜɵɛɟɪɢɬɟ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɵɣ ɨɬɜɟɬ |
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ɚ ɧɚɥɢɱɢɟ ɤɚɩɢɥɥɹɪ |
ɵɯ ɤɥɭɛɨɱɤɨɜ |
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ɛ ɧɚɥɢɱɢɟ ©ɱɭɞɟɫɧɨɣ ɫɟɬɢª |
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ɜ ɧɚɥɢɱɢɟ ɩɪɢɧɨɫɹɳɟɝɨ ɢ ɜɵɧɨɫɹɳɟɝɨ ɫɨɫɭɞɨɜ |
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ɝ ɪɚɡɧɨɫɬɶ ɞɢɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ ɚɪɬɟɪɢɨɥ ɩɪɢɧɨɫɹɳɢɯ ɢ ɜɵɧɨɫ ɳɢɯɤɪɨɜɶ |
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ɢɡ ɫɨɫɭɞɢɫɬɵɯ ɤɥɭɛɨɱɤɨɜ |
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ɞ ɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɜɵɫɨɤ ɝɨ ɝɢɞɪɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ |
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ɫ ɫɭɞɢɫɬɨɦ ɤɥɭɛɨɱɤɟ |
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ɟ ɜɫɺ ɩɟɪɟɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɟɜɟɪɧɨ |
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77. Ɋɚɫɩɨɥ ɠɢɬɟ ɜ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧ ɣ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɬ ɞɟɥɟɧ ɹ ɚɪɬɟɪɢɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ |
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ɭɫɥɚ ɩɨɱɤɢɨ |
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ɚ ɩɨɱɟɱɧɚɹ ɚɪɬɟɪɢɹa. renalis) |
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ɛɞɭɝɨɜɵɟ ɚɪɬɟɪɢɢaa. arcuatae) |
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ɜɦɟɠɞɨɥɟɜɵɟ ɚɪɬɟɪɢɢaa. interlobes ) |
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ɟ |
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ɝ ɪɚɞɢɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɦɟɠɞɨɥɶɤɨɜɵɟ ɚɪɬɟɪɢɢaa. radiales) |
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ɞ. ɩɟɪɜɢɱɧɚɹ ɤɚɩɢɥɥɹ ɧɚɹ ɫɟɬɶ (rete capillaries prima) |
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ɟ. ɜɬɨɪɢɱɧɚɹ ɤɚɩɢɥɥɹ ɧɚɹ ɫɟɬɶ |
(rete capillaries secundares) |
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ɠ ɩɪɢɧɨɫɹɳɢ ɚɪɬ ɪɢɨɥɵ a. afferens) |
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ɡ ɜɵɧɨɫɹɳɢɟɚɪɬ ɪɢɨɥɵa. efferens) |
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ɜ |
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78. ɋɨɩɨɫɬɚɜɶɬɟ ɚɪɬɟɪɢɨɥɵ ɩɨɱɟɱɧɨɝɨ ɬɟɥɶɰɚ ɫ ɢɯ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɤɚɦɢ |
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1. |
a. afferens |
ɚ ɞɢɚɦɟɬɪ ɨɤɨɥɨ |
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2. |
a. efferens |
ɛɞɢɚɦɟɬɪ ɨɤɨɥɨ |
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ɜ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɦɦ ɪɬ ɫɬ ɜɵɫɨɤɨɟ |
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ɝ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɦɦ ɪɬ ɫɬ ɧɢɡɤɨɟ |
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ɞ ɦɵɲɟɱɧɚɹ ɨɛɨɥɨɱɤɚ ɯɨɪɨɲɨ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɚ |
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113
79. Ɇɨɪɮɨ-ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɚ ɜɬɨɪɢɱɧɨɣ ɩɟɪɢɬɭɛɭɥɹɪɧɨɣ ɤɚɩɢɥɥɹɪɧɨɣ ɫɟɬɢ ɜɟɪɧɨ ɜɫɺ ɤɪɨɦɟ
ɚ ɷɧɞɨɬɟɥɢɣ ɮɟɧɟɫɬɪɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɣ
ɛ ɛɚɡɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɦɟɦɛɪɚɧɚ– ɫɥɨɠɧɚɹ ɬɪɺɯɫɥɨɣɧɚɹ ODPLQD GHQVD ɜ ɛɚɡɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɦɟɦɛɪɚɧɚ– ɫɩɥɨɲɧɚɹ ɝ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɟɬ ɨɛɪɚɬɧɭɸ ɪɟɚɛɫɨɪɛɰɢɸ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜ ɢɡ ɩɟɪɜɢɱɧɨɣ ɦɨɱɢ ɞ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɟɬ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɟ ɬɪɨɮɢɤɭ ɩɚɪɟɧɯɢɦɵ ɩɨɱɤɢ
80. Ɋɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɢɬɟ ɜ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɣ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢɜɟɧɨɡɧɨɟ ɪɭɫɥɨ ɩɨɱɤɢ |
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ɚ ɡɜɺɡɞɱɚɬɵɟ ɜɟɧɭɥɵvenulae stellae) |
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ɛ ɞɭɝɨɜɵɟ ɜɟɧɵvv. arcuatae) |
ɚ |
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ɜ ɦɟɠɞɨɥɶɤɨɜɵɟ ɜɟɧɵvv. radiales) |
ɹ |
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ɧ |
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ɝ ɦɟɠɞɨɥɟɜɵɟ ɜɟɧɵvv. interlobes) |
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ɞ ɩɨɱɟɱɧɚɹ ɜɟɧɚv. renalis) |
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ɟ ɜɬɨɪɢɱɧɚɹ ɤɚɩɢɥɥɹɪɧɚɹ ɫɟɬɶ |
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81. Ɉɩɬɢɦɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹ ɦɨɱɟɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɜɵɛɟɪɢɬɟ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɵɣ ɨɬɜɟɬ |
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ɚ ɮɢɥɶɬɪɚɰɢɨ |
ɨɟ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ – 70–ɦɦ ɪɬ ɫɬ |
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ɛ ɮɢɥɶɬɪɚɰɢɨ |
ɨɟ ɞɚɜɥɟ ɢɟɟ – 10–ɦɦ ɪɬ ɫɬ |
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82. ɋɧɢɠɟɧɢɟɮɢɥɶɬɪɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɢɜɨɞɢɬ ɤ ɜɟɪɧɨ ɜɫɺɤɪɪɨɦɟ
ɚ ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɸ ɮɢɥɶɬɪɚɰɢɢ |
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ɹ |
ɛ |
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ɛ ɬɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɸ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɦɚ ɤɨɧɟɱɧɵɦɢ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɚɦɢ ɚɡɨɬɢɫɬɨɝɨ ɨɛɦɟɧɚ |
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ɜ ɩ ɜɵɲɟɧɢɸ ɚɪɬɟɪɢɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ |
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83. Ƚɭɦɨɪɚɥɶɧɭɸ ɪɟɝɭɥɹɰɢɸ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɸɬ ɜɵɛɟɪɢɬɟ ɩɪɚɜ |
ɥɶɧɵɣ ɨɬɜɟɬ |
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ɨ |
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ɢ |
ɚ ɝɢɩɨɬɟɧɡɢɜɧɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ |
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ɛ ɝɢɩɟɪɬɟɧɡɢɜɧɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ |
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ɪɜɧɟɣɪɨɷɧɞɨɤɪɢɧɧɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɸɤ ɬɚɝɥɨɦɟɪɭɥɹɪɧɵɣ ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬ |
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ɝ ɢɧɬɟɪɫɬɢɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɵ |
ɫ |
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ɞ ɜɫɺ ɩɟɪɟɱɢɫɥ ɧɧɨɟ ɜɟ ɧɨ |
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84. Ɇɨɪɮɨ-ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɚɷɧɞɨɤɪɢɧɧɨɝɨ ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬɚ ɩɨɱɤɢ |
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ɜɟɪɧɨ ɜɫɺ ɤɪɨɦɟ |
ɪ |
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ɉ |
ɚ ɸɤɫɬɚɝɥɨɦ ɪɭɥɹɪɧɵɟɤɥɟɬɤɢ |
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ɛ ɩɥɨɬɧɨɟ ɩɹɬɧɨmacula densa) |
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ɟ |
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ɜ ɤɥɟɬɤɢ Ƚɭɪɦɚɝɬɢɝɚ |
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ɝ ɦɟɡɚɧɝɢɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɤɥɟɬɤɢ ɞ ɛɨɥɶɲɨɟ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɟɫɬɜɨ ɚɞɪɟɧɟɪɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɧɟɪɜɧɵɯ ɜɨɥɨɤɨɧ ɟ ɜɵɪɚɛɨɬɤɚ ɪɟɧɢɧɚ
ɠ ɪɟɰɟɩɰɢɹ ɣɨɧɨɜ 1D
ɡ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɟ ɧɚ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɧɵɣ ɤɪɨɜɨɬɨɤ
114
85. |
Ⱦɟɣɫɬɜɢɟ ɚɧɬɢɞɢɭɪɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɝɨɪɦɨɧɚ ɜɚɡɨɩɪɟɫɫɢɧɚ |
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ɜɟɪɧɨ ɜɫɺ ɤɪɨɦɟ |
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ɚ ɤɥɟɬɤɢ-ɦɢɲɟɧɢ– ɫɜɟɬɥɵɟ ɤɥɟɬɤɢ ɫɨɛɢɪɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɬɪɭɛɨɱɟɤ |
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ɛ ɬɨɱɤɢ-ɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ– ɚɤɜɚɩɨɪɢɧɵ ɨɛɪɚɡɭɸɳɢɟ ©ɜɨɞɧɵɟ ɤɚɧɚɥɵª |
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ɜ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɢɸ ɚɪɬɟɪɢɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɹa. afferens |
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ɝ ɨɬɤɪɵɜɚɸɬ ©ɜɨɞɧɵɟ ɤɚɧɚɥɵª ɢ ɩɪɨɩɭɫɤɚɸɬ ɜɨɞɭ ɢɡ ɩɪɨɫɜɟɬɚ |
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ɬɪɭɛɨɱɟɤ ɜ ɤɚɩɢɥɥɹɪɧɭɸ ɫɟɬɶ |
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ɞ ɩɪɢ ɧɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɤɟ ɝɨɪɦɨɧɚ– ɜɨɞɚ ɭɯɨɞɢɬ ɫ ɦɨɱɨɣɧɟɫɚɯɚɪɧɵɣ ɞɢɚɛɟɬ |
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86. |
ɏɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɚ ɸɤɫɬɚɝɥɨɦɟɪɭɥɹɪɧɨɝɨ ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬɚ |
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ɜɵɛɟɪɢɬɟ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɵɣ ɨɬɜɟɬ |
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ɚ ɜɵɪɚɛɨɬɤɚ ɪɟɧɢɧɚ |
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ɛ ɪɟɝɭɥɹɰɢɹ ©ɪɟɧɢɧ-ɚɧɝɢɨɬɟɧɡɢɧ-ɚɥɶɞɨɫɬɟɪɨɧɹɧɨɜɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵª |
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ɜ ɝɢɩɟɪɬɟɧɡɢɜɧɵɣ ɷɮɮɟɤɬ |
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ɝ ɪɟɝɭɥɹɰɢɹ ɨɛɴɺɦɚ ɰɢɪɤɭɥɢɪɭɸɳɟɣ ɤɪɨɜɢɈɐɄ |
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ɞ ɜɫɺ ɩɟɪɟɱɢɫɥɟɧ ɨɟ ɜɟɪɧɨ |
ɚ |
ɛ |
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87. Ɏɭɧɤɰɢɢ ɪɟɧɢɧɚɜɟɪɧɨ ɜɫɺ ɤɪɨɦɟ |
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ɚ ɫɬɢɦɭɥɢɪɭɟɬɫɢɧɧɬɟɡ ɚ ɝɢɨɬɟ ɡɢɧɚ II |
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ɛ ɫɬɢɦɭɥɢɪɭɟɬ ɫɢɧɬɟɡ ɚɥɶɞɨɫɬɟɪɨɧɚ ɝɨɪɦɨɧ ɤɥɭɛɨɱɤɨɜɨɣ ɡɨɧɵ ɤɨɪɵ |
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ɧɚɞɩɨɱɟɱɧɢɤɨɜ |
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ɜ ɝɢɩ ɬɟɧɡɢɜɧɨɟ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟ |
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ɝ ɝɢɩɟɪɬɟɧɡɢɜɧɨɟ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟ |
ɫ |
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ɪ |
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88. ɏɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɚ ɚɥɶɞɨɫɬɟɪ ɧɚ ɜɟɪɧɨ ɜɫɺ ɤɪɨɦɟ |
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ɚɫɢɧɬɟɡɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ ɩɨɞ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟɦ ɪɟɧɢɧɚ |
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ɛ ɫɢɧɬɟɡɢɪɭɟɬɫɹɩɨɞ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟɦ ɜɚɡɨɩɪɟ ɢɧɚɚ |
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ɜ ɜɵɵɪɚɛɚɬɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɤɥɟɬɤɚɦɢ ɤɥɭɛɨɱɤɨɜɨɣɡɨɧɵ ɤɨɪɵ ɧɚɢɞɩɨɱɟɱɧɢɤɨɜ |
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ɉ |
ɪ |
ɝɭɫɢɢɥɢɜɚɟɬ ɪɟɚɛɫɨɪɛɰɢɸ ɧɚɬɪɢɹ ɢɜɨɞɵ ɜ ɞɢɫɬɚɥɶɧɵɯɤɚɧɚɥɶɰɚɯ ɢ ɫɨɛɢɪɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɬɪɭɛɨɱɤɚɯ
ɞɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɟɬ ɨɛɴɺɦ ɰɢɪɤɭɥɢ ɭɸɳɟɣ ɤɪɨɜɢ ɟ ɝɝɢɩɟɪɬɟɧɡɢɜɧɵɣ ɷɮɮɟɤɬ
899. ɏɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɚ ©ɪɟɧɢɧ-ɚɧɝɢɨɬɟɧɡɢɧ-ɚɥɶɞɨɫɬɟɪɨɧɨɜɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵª ɜɟɪɧɨ ɜɫɺ ɤɪɨɦɟ
ɚ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɚ ɫɚɦɵɦ ɫɨɫɭɞɨɫɭɠɢɜɚɸɳɢɦ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɨɦ– |
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ɚɧɝɢɨɬɟɧɡɢɧɧɨɦ II |
ɟ |
ɛ ɨɛɥɚɞɚɟɬ ɝɢɩɨɬɟɧɡɢɜɧɵɦ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɨɦ ɜ ɨɛɥɚɞɚɟɬ ɝɢɩɟɪɬɟɧɡɢɜɧɵɦɷɮɮɟɤɬɨɦ ɝ ɭɫɢɥɢɜɚɟɬ ɪɟɚɛɫɨɪɛɰɢɸ ɧɚɬɪɢɹ ɢ ɜɨɞɵ ɜ ɞɢɫɬɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɤɚɧɚɥɶɰɚɯ ɢ
ɫɨɛɢɪɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɬɪɭɛɨɱɤɚɯ
ɞ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɟɬ ɨɛɴɺɦ ɰɢɪɤɭɥɢɪɭɸɳɟɣ ɤɪɨɜɢ
115
90. |
Ʉɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɵ ɸɤɫɬɚɝɥɨɦɟɪɭɥɹɪɧɨɝɨ ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬɚ ɜɟɪɧɨ ɜɫɺ ɤɪɨɦɟ |
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ɚ ɸɤɫɬɚɝɥɨɦɟɪɭɥɹɪɧɵɟ ɤɥɟɬɤɢ |
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ɛ ɸɤɫɬɚɜɚɫɤɭɥɹɪɧɵɟ ɤɥɟɬɤɢ |
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ɜ ɦɟɡɚɧɝɢɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɤɥɟɬɤɢ |
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ɝ ɩɨɞɨɰɢɬɵ |
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ɞ ɤɥɟɬɤɢ ɩɥɨɬɧɨɝɨ ɩɹɬɧɚmacula densa) |
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91. Ɇɨɪɮɨ-ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɚ ɸɤɫɬɚɝɥɨɦɟɪɭɥɹɪɧɵɯ ɤɥɟɬɨɤ |
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ɜɵɛɟɪɢɬɟ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɵɣ ɨɬɜɟɬ |
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ɚ ɷɬɨ ɤɥɟɬɤɢ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɣ ɨɛɨɥɨɱɤɢtunica media ɩɪɢɧɨɫɹɳɟɣɢ |
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ɜɵɧɨɫɹɳɟɣ ɚɪɬɟɪɢɨɥ aa. afferens et efferens |
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ɛ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɧɵɦɢ ɝɥ ɞɤɢɯ ɦɢɨɰɢɬɨɜ |
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ɜ ɫɢɧɬɟɡɢɪɭɟɬ ɢ ɫɟɤɪɟɬɢɪɭɟɬ ɪɟɧɢɧ |
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ɹ |
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ɝ ɨɛɥɚɞɚɸɬ ɛɚɪɪɨɪɟɰɟɩɬɢɜɧɵɦɢ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɚɦɢ ɪɟɝɢɫɬɪɚɰɢɹ |
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ɫɢɫɬɟɦɧɨɝɨ ɚɪɬɟɪɢɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɞ ɜɥɟɧɢɹ |
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ɞ ɜɫɺ ɩɟɪɟɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɟɜɟɪ ɨ |
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92. Ɇɨɪɮɨ-ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɚ ɸɤɫɬɚɝɥɨɦɟɪɭɥɹɪɧɵɯ ɤɥɟɬɨɤ |
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93. |
Ɋɟɧɢɧɜɵɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɤɪɨɜɛɶɜɵɛɟɪɢɬɟ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɵɣ ɨɬɜɟɬ |
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ɚɩɩɪɢ ɩɚɞɟɧɢɢ ɚɪɬɟɪɢɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ |
ɫɧ ɠɟɧ ɟ |
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ɮɢɥɶɬɪɚɰɢ ɧɧɨɝ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ |
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ɛ ɩɪɢ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɢ ɚɪɬɟɪɢɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧ |
ɟ |
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ɮɢɥɶɬɪɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ |
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94. Ɇɨɪɮɨ-ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɯɚ ɚɤɬɟ ɢɫɬɢɤɚ ɸɤ ɬɚɜɚɫɤɭɥɹɪɧɵɯ ɤɥɟɬɨɤ |
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ɤɥɟɬɤɢȽɭɪɦɚɝɬɢɝɚ ɜɟɪɧɨ ɜɫɺɤɪɨɦɟ |
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ɚɥɟɠɚɬ ɜ ɬɪɟɭɝɨɥɶɧɨɦ ɩɪɨɫɬ ɚɧɫɬɜɟ ɦɟɠɞɭ aa. afferens et efferens ɢ |
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ɤɥɟɬɤɚɦɢmacula densa |
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ɛ ɥɟɠɚɬ ɜ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɣ ɨɛɨɥɨɱɤɟ aa. affereens et efferens |
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ɜ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɭɸɬ ©ɤɨɪɩɭɫɤɭɥɶɧɭɸ ɩɨɞɭɲɤɭª |
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ɝ ɡɚɩɚɫɚɸɬ ɫɟɤɪɟɬɨɪɧɵɟɝɪɚɧɭɥɵ ɪɟɧɢɧɚ |
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95. |
Ɇɨɪɮɨ-ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɚ ɤɥɟɬɨɤ ɩɥɨɬɧɨɝɨ ɩɹɬɧɚ |
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(macula densaɜɵɛɟɪɢɬɟ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɵɟ ɨɬɜɟɬɵ ɚ ɪɚɫɩɨɥɚɝɚɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɩɪɨɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɦ ɤɚɧɚɥɶɰɟ ɛ ɪɚɫɩɨɥɚɝɚɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɞɢɫɬɚɥɶɧɨɦ ɤɚɧɚɥɶɰɟ ɜ ɥɟɠɚɬ ɦɟɠɞɭaa. afferens et efferens ©ɜ ɪɨɝɚɬɤɟª ɝ ɨɤɪɭɠɟɧɵ ɩɥɨɬɧɨɣ ɛɚɡɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɦɟɦɛɪɚɧɨɣ ɞ ɨɤɪɭɠɟɧɵ ɮɪɚɝɦɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɣ ɛɚɡɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɦɟɦɛɪɚɧɨɣ ɟ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɨɫɦɨɪɟɰɟɩɬɨɪɚɦɢ ɠ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɯɟɦɨɪɟɰɟɩɬɨɪɚɦɢ
116
96. Ɇɨɪɮɨ-ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɚ ɤɥɟɬɨɤ ɩɥɨɬɧɨɝɨ ɩɹɬɧɚ (macula densaɜɟɪɧɨ ɜɫɺ ɤɪɨɦɟ
ɚ ɪɟɝɢɫɬɪɢɪɭɸɬ ɨɫɦɨɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɹ ɜ ɞɢɫɬɚɥɶɧɨɦ ɨɬɞɟɥɟ
ɛ ɪɟɝɢɫɬɪɢɪɭɟɬ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟ ɣɨɧɨɜ ɧɚɬɪɢɹ ɜ ɞɢɫɬɚɥɶɧɨɦ ɨɬɞɟɥɟ
ɜ ɪɟɝɢɫɬɪɢɪɭɸɬ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɹ ɚɦɢɧɨɤɢɫɥɨɬ
ɝ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɸɬ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɸ ɧɚ ɸɤɫɬɚɝɥɨɦɟɪɭɥɹɪɧɵɟ ɤɥɟɬɤɢ
97. Ɇɨɪɮɨ-ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɚ ɦɟɡɚɧɝɢɹɜɟɪɧɨɜɫɺ ɤɪɨɦɟ ɚ ɪɚɫɩɨɥɚɝɚɟɬɫɹ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɤɚɩɢɥɥɹɪɧɵɦɢ ɩɟɬɥ ɦɢɫɨɫɭɞɢɫɬɨɝɨ
ɤɥɭɛɨɱɤɚ
ɛ ɪɚɫɩɨɥɚɝɚɸɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɯɨɞɭ ɩɪɨɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɨɬɞɟɥɚ ɜ ɷɬɨ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɚɹ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɧɚ ɬɤɚɧɶɫ
ɹ
ɜɢɞɨɫɩɟɰɢɮɢɱɧɵɦɢ ɤɥɟɬɤɚɦɢ ɢ ɦɟɠɤɥɟɬɨɱɧɵɦ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɨɦ |
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ɝ ɡɚɩɚɫɚɸɬ ɫɟɤɪɟɬɨɪɧɵɟ ɝɪɚɧɭɥɵɪɟɧɢɧɚ |
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98. Ɇɨɪɮɨ-ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɚɹɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤ ɚɦɟɡ ɧɝɢ ɥɶɧɵɯ ɤɥɟɬɨɤ |
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ɜɵɛɟɪɢɬɟ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɵɣɨɬɜɟɬ |
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ɚ ɡɚɩɚɫɚɸɬɫɟɤɪɟɬɨɪ ɵɟ ɝɪɚɚɧɭɥɵɪɟ ɢɧɚ |
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ɛ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɸɬ ɤɨɚɝɭɥɹɰɢɨɧɧɭɸɮɭ ɤɰɢɸ |
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99. Ɇɨɪɮɨ-ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɚ ɝɢɩɨɬɟɧɡɢɜɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɩɨɱɟɤ |
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ɜɟɪɧ ɜɫɺ ɤɪɨɦɟ |
ɢ |
ɚ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɚ ɢɧɬɟɪɫɬɢɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɤɥɟɬɤɚɦ ɦɨɡɝɨɜɨɝɨ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚ |
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ɛ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɚ ɫɜɟɬɥɵɛɦɢɤɥɟɬɤɚɦɢ ɫɨɛɢɪɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɬɪɭɛɨɱɟɤɹ |
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ɜ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɵɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ |
ɤɪɭɠɚɸɬ ɜɬɨɪɢɱɧɭɸ ɤɚɩ ɥɥɹɪɧɭɸ ɫɟɬɶ ɢ |
ɤɚɧɚɥɶɰɵ ɧɟɮɪɨɧɚ |
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ɝɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɵ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɵ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɬɶɭɪɨɜɟɧɶ ɪɟɧɢɧɚ |
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ɞ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɵ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɦɨɳɧɵɦɢɜɚɡɨɞɢɥɚɬɚɬɨɪɚɦɢ |
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ɟɷɥɟɟɦɟɧɬɵɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɜɵɪɚɛɚɬɵɜɚɸɬɛɢɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚ
100. Ɇɨɪɪɮɨ-ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɯɚɪɚɟɤɬɟ ɢɫɫɬɢɤɚ ɢɧɬɟɪɫɬɢɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɤɥɟɬɨɤ ɝɢɩɨɬɟɧɡɢɜɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɩɨɱɟɤ ɜɵɛɟ ɢɬɬɟɩɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɵɣɨɬɜɟɬ
ɚ ɷɬɨ ɨɬɪɨɫɬɱɚɬɵ ɤɥɟɬɢ ɛ ɨɤɪɭɠɚɸɬ ɜɬɜɨɪɢɱɧɭɸ ɤɚɩɢɥɥɹɪɧɭɸɫɟɬɶ ɜ ɜɵɪɚɛɚɬɵɜɚɸɬ ɛɪɚɞɢɤɢɧɢɧ ɝ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɦɨɳɧɵɦɢ ɜɚɡɨɞɢɥɚɬɚɬɨɪɚɦɢ ɞ ɜɫɺ ɩɟɪɟɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɟ ɜɟɪɧɨ
101. ɗɪɢɬɪɨɩɨɷɬɢɧ ɵɪɚɛɚɬɵɜɚɸɬ ɵɛɟɪɢɬɟ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɵɟ ɨɬɜɟɬɵ ɚ ɩɨɞɨɰɢɬɵ ɛ ɷɧɞɨɬɟɥɢɨɰɢɬɵ ɜ ɸɤɫɬɚɝɥɨɦɟɪɭɥɹɪɧɵɟ ɤɥɟɬɤɢ ɝ ɸɤɫɬɚɜɚɫɤɭɥɹɪɧɵɟ ɤɥɟɬɤɢ ɞ ɦɟɡɚɧɝɢɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɤɥɟɬɤɢ
117
102.Ȼɢɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɩɪɨɞɭɰɢɪɭɸɬɫɹ ɩɨɱɤɚɦɢ
ɜɟɪɧɨ ɜɫɺ ɤɪɨɦɟ ɚ ɪɟɧɢɧ
ɛ ɩɪɨɫɬɚɝɥɚɧɞɢɧɵ
ɜ ɷɪɢɬɪɨɩɨɷɬɢɧ
ɝ ɛɢɨɝɟɧɧɵɟ ɚɦɢɧɵ
ɞ ɚɥɶɞɨɫɬɟɪɨɧ
ɟ ɜɢɬɚɦɢɧD3
ɠ ɤɚɥɥɢɤɪɟɢɧ ɹ ɡ ɢɧɬɟɪɥɟɣɤɢɧɵ
ɢ ɭɪɨɤɢɧɚɡɚ ɤ ɜɫɺ ɩɟɪɟɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɟ ɜɟɪɧɨ ɚ
103.ɋɨɩɨɫɬɚɜɶɬɟ ɛɢɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɵɟɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɫ ɢɯɩɪɢɡɧɚɤɚɦɢ
ɧɹ104. ɨ
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105.ɋɬɚɞɢɢ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɩɨɱɤɢɜɟɪɧɨ ɜɫɺ ɤɪɨɦɟ |
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ɚ ɩɩɪ ɧɟɮɪɨɫɚ ɩɪɟɞɩɨɱɤɢ |
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ɛ ɦɟɡɨɧɟɮɪɨɫɚ ɩɟɪɜɢɱɧɨɣ ɩɨɱɤɢ |
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ɜ ɦɟɬɚɧɟɮɪɨɫɚ ɞɟɮɢɧɢɬɢɜɧɨɣɩɨɱɤɢ |
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ɝ ɬɟɥɨɧɟɮɪɨɫɚ ɨɤɨɧɱɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɩɨɱɤɢ |
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106.ɂɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɩɨɱɤɢ ɜɵɛɟ ɢɬɟ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɵɣ ɨɬɜɟɬ |
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ɚ ɩɪɨɦɟɠɭɬɨɱɧɚɹ ɦɟɡɨɞɟ ɦɚ – ɧɟɮɪɨɬɨɦ |
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ɛ ɫɪɟɞɧɹɹ ɦɟɡɨɞɟɪɦɚɚ – ɫɤɥɟ |
ɨɬɨɦɦ |
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107.ɋɟɝɦɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɶɸ ɧɟɮɪɨɬɨɦɚɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ |
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ɜɵɛɟɪɢɬɟ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɵɣ ɨɬɜɟɬ ɚ ɤɪɚɧɢɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɝɨɥɨɜɧɨɣ ɨɬɞɟɥ ɷɦɛɪɢɨɧɚ ɛ ɤɚɭɞɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɯɜɨɫɬɨɜɨɣ ɨɬɞɟɥ ɷɦɛɪɢɨɧɚ
108.ɇɟɫɟɝɦɟɧɬɢɪɨ ɚɧɧɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɶɸ ɧɟɮɪɨɬɨɦɚ ɧɟɮɪɨɝɟɧɧɚɹ ɬɤɚɧɶ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜɵɛɟɪɢɬɟ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɵɣ ɨɬɜɟɬ
ɚ ɤɪɚɧɢɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɝɨɥɨɜɧɨɣ ɨɬɞɟɥ ɷɦɛɪɢɨɧɚ
ɛ ɤɚɭɞɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɯɜɨɫɬɨɜɨɣ ɨɬɞɟɥ ɷɦɛɪɢɨɧɚ
118
109.ɏɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɚ ɩɪɟɞɩɨɱɤɢ ɜɟɪɧɨ ɜɫɺ ɤɪɨɦɟ ɚ ɡɚɤɥɚɞɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɧɚ-ɟɣ ɧɟɞɟɥɢ ɷɦɛɪɢɨɝɟɧɟɡɚ ɛ ɪɟɞɭɰɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ ɧɚ-ɨɣ ɧɟɞɟɥɢ ɷɦɛɪɢɨɝɟɧɟɡɚ ɜ ɡɚɤɥɚɞɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɝɨɥɨɜɧɵɯ ɫɟɝɦɟɧɬɚɯ ɡɚɪɨɞɵɲɚ ɝ ɡɚɤɥɚɞɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɤɚɭɞɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɫɟɝɦɟɧɬɚɯ ɡɚɪɨɞɵɲɚ ɞ ɧɟ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɫ ɤɪɨɜɟɧɨɫɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɨɣ
110. ɉɪɟɞɩɨɱɤɚ ɝɨɥɨɜɧɚɹ ɜɟɪɧɨ ɜɫɺ ɤɪɨɦɟ ɚ ɡɚɤɥɚɞɤɚ ɧɚ ɧɟɞɟɥɟ ɷɦɛɪɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɪɚɡɜɹɢɬɢɹ ɛ ɢɫɱɟɡɚɟɬ ɧɚ ɧɟɞɟɥɟ ɷɦɛɪɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɜ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤ– 7 – ɫɟɝɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɲɟɣɧɨɝɨɨɬɞɟɥɚ ɦɟɡɨɞɟɪɦɵ ɝ ɫɥɟɩɵɟ ɧɟ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɢɪɭɸɳɢɟ ɩɪɹɦɵɟ ɤɚɧɚɥɶɰɵɵ ɞ ɤɨɧɰɵ ɤɚɧɚɥɶɰɟɜ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɭɸɬ ɤ ɧɚɥ ɩɪɟɞɩɨɱɤɢ ɟ ɤɨɧɬɚɤɬ ɫ ɤɚɩɢɥɥɹɪɚɦɢ ɚɨɪɬɵ
111.Ɇɨɪɮɨ-ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤ ɩɪɟɞɩɨɱɤɢ ɩɪɨɧɟɮɪɨɫɚ |
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ɜɵɛɟɪɢɬɟ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɵɣ ɨɬɜɟɬ |
ɚ |
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ɚ ɪɚɡɜɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɢɡ–100 ɩɟɪɟɞɧɢɯ ɫɟɝɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɧɟɮɪɨɬɨɦɚ |
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ɛ ɟɺ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɧɵɟ – ɩɪɨɬɨ |
ɟɮɪɢɞɢɢɩɪɨɬɨɧɟɮɪɨɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɩɪɨɬɨɤɢ |
ɜ ɧɟ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɢɪɭɟɬ |
ɧ |
ɝ ɪɟɞɭɰɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ |
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ɞ ɜɵɩ ɥɧɹɟɬ ɪɨɥɶ ɷɦɛɪɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɢɧɞɭɤɬɨɪɚ |
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ɟ ɜɫɺ ɩɟɪɟɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɟɜɟɪɧɨ |
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112. |
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ɛ |
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ɉɪɨɬɨɧɟɮɪ ɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɩɪɨɬɨɤ ɩɪɟɜɪɚɳɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɜɵɛɟɪ |
ɬɟ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɵɣ ɨɬɜɟɬ |
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ɚ ɦɟɡ ɧɟɮɪɚɥɶɧɵɣ ȼɨɥɶɮɨɜ ɩɪɨɬɨɤ |
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113. |
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ɛ Ɇɸɥɥɨɟɪɨɜ ɩɪɨɬɨɤ |
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ɏɚ ɚɤɬɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɚ ɩɟɪɜɢɱɧɨɣ ɩɨɱɤɢ ɜɟɪɧɨ ɜ ɺ ɤɪɨɦɟ |
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ɚ ɡɚɤɥɚɚɞɵɜɚɟɬɫɹɧɚ-ɟɣ ɧɟɞɟɥɢ ɷɦɛɪɢɨɝɟɧɟɡɚ |
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ɪ |
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ɛɪɟɞɭɰɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ ɧɚ-ɨɦ ɦɟɫɹɰɟɜɧɭɬɪɢɭɬɪɨɛɧɨɫɝɨɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ |
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ɜ ɡɡɚɤɥɚɞɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɝɨɥɨɜɧɵɯɫɟɝɦɟɧɬɚɯ ɡɚɪɨɞɵɲɚ |
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ɝ ɥɨɤɚɥɢɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɬɭɥɨɜɢɳɧɵɯ ɫɟɝɦɟɧɬɚɯ ɡɚɪɨɞɵɲɚ |
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ɞ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɫɜɹɡɶ ɫ ɤɪɨɜ ɧɨɫɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɨɣ |
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ɟ ɤɚɧɚɥɶɰɚ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɨɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹɜɵɧɨɫɹɳɢɯ |
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ɉ |
ɤɚɧɚɥɶɰɟɜ ɹɢɱɤɚ |
ɟ |
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114.ɏɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɚ ɩɟɪɜɢɱɧɨɣ ɩɨɱɤɢ -ɣ ɧɟɞɟɥɢ ɷɦɛɪɢɨɝɟɧɟɡɚ ɜɵɛɟɪɢɬɟ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɵɣɨɬɜɟɬ ɚ ɜɵɝɥɹɞɢɬ ɤɚɤ ɜɵɬɹɧɭɬɨɟ ɩɚɪɚɥɥɟɥɶɧɨ ɩɨɡɜɨɧɨɱɧɢɤɭ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɛ ɜɢɡɭɚɥɢɡɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ ɤɚɤ ɭɬɨɥɳɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɝɨɥɨɜɧɵɯ ɫɟɝɦɟɧɬɚɯ ɡɚɪɨɞɵɲɚ
119
115. |
ɉɟɪɜɢɱɧɚɹ ɬɭɥɨɜɢɳɧɚɹ ɩɨɱɤɚ ɜɟɪɧɨ ɜɫɺ ɤɪɨɦɟ |
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ɚ ɡɚɤɥɚɞɤɚ ɧɚ ɧɟɞɟɥɟ ɷɦɛɪɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ |
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ɛ ɢɫɱɟɡɚɟɬ ɩɨɥɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɤ ɫɟɪɟɞɢɧɟ ɜɧɭɬɪɢɭɬɪɨɛɧɨɝɨ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ |
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ɜ ɭɱɚɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɜ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪ ɹɢɱɧɢɤɚ ɢ ɫɟɦɟɧɧɢɤɚ |
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ɝ ɦɧɨɠɟɫɬɜɨ ɤɚɧɚɥɶɰɟɜ ɞɨ ɩɨɹɫɧɢɱɧɵɯ ɩɨɡɜɨɧɤɨɜ |
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32 – ɩɚɪɵ |
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ɞ ɨɞɢɧ ɤɨɧɟɰ ɤɨɧɬɚɤɬɢɪɭɟɬ ɫ ɤɚɩɢɥɥɹɪɧɵɦ ɤɥɭɛɨɱɤɨɦ ɞɪɭɝɨɣ |
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ɜɩɚɞɚɟɬ ɜ ɤɚɧɚɥ ɩɟɪɜɢɱɧɨɣ ɩɨɱɤɢ |
ɹ |
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ɟ ɦɟɡɨɧɟɮɪɢɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɤɚɧɚɥ ɜɩɚɞɚɟɬ ɜ ɤɥɨɚɤɭ |
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ɠ ɦɟɬɚɦɟɪɧɚɹ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɹ |
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ɚ |
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ɡ ɤɚɧɚɥɶɰɵ– ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɢɪɭɸɬ |
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ɢ ɧɢɡɤɨɟ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɤɚɩɢɥɥɹɪ ɯ |
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ɤ ɝɢɩɨɬɨɧɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɦɨɱɚ |
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ɧ |
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ɥ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɟɬ ɷɧɞɨɤɪɢɧɧɭɸ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɸ |
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116. |
ɏɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɚ ɩɟɪɜɢɱ ɨɣ ɩɨɱɤɢ -ɣ ɧɟɞɟɥɢ ɷɦɛɪɢɨɝɟɧɟɡɚ |
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ɜɵɛɟɪɢɬɟ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɵɣɨɬɜɟɬ |
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ɚ ɜɢɡɭɚɥɢɡɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ ɤɚɤ ɩɥɨɬɧɨɟ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚ ɢɟ ɥɟɠɚɳɟɟ ɜɨɡɥɟ |
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ɩɥɨɬɧɨɝɨɬɹɠɚɚ – ɛɭɞɭɳɟɣ ɝɨɧɚɞɵ |
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ɛ ɜɢɡɭɚɥɢɡɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ ɤɚɤ ɭɬɨɥɳɟ ɢɟɜ ɝɨɥɨɜɧɵɯ ɫɟɝɦɟɧɬɚɯ ɡɚɪɨɞɵɲɚ |
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117. |
ɨ |
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ɉɟɪɜɢɱɧɚɹ ɩɨɱɤɚ 8-ɣ ɧɟɞɟɥɢ ɷɦɛɪɢɨɝɟɧɟɡɚ ɜɟɪɧɨ ɜɫɺ ɤɪɨɦɟ |
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ɢ |
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ɚ ɜ ɤɚɭɞɚɥɶɧɨɦ ɩɨɥɸɫɟ– ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɤɚɧɚɥɶɰɟɜ ɢ ɩɨɱɟɱɧɵɯɯ ɬɟɥɟɰ |
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ɛ ɜ ɤɚɭɞɚɥɶɧɨɦ ɩɨɥɸɫɟ – ɨ |
ɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɫɨɛ ɪɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɬɪɭɛɨɱɟɤ |
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ɜ ɜɰɟɧɬɪɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɡɨɧɟɛ– ɭɠɟ ɫɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɟ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɵ |
ɹ |
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ɞɟɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɹ ɤɚɧɚɥɶɰɟɜ ɢ ɬɟɥɟɰ |
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ɝ ɜ ɤɪɚɧɢɚɥɶɧɨɦ ɩɨɥɸɫɟ– |
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ɞ ɪɹɞ ɦ ɜɢɞɧɚɢɞɟɧɬɢɮɢɰɢɪɭɟɦɚɹ ɝɨɧɚɞɚ ɦɭɠɫɤɚɹɢɥɢ ɠɟɧɫɤɚɹ |
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118. |
Ɇɨɪɮɨ-ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɚ ɩɟɪɜ ɱɧɨɣ ɩɨɱɤ |
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ɦɟɡɡɨɧɟɮɪɨɫɚɜɵɛɟɪɢɬɟ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɵɣɨɬɜɟɬ |
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ɚ ɪɚɡɜɢɜɚɟɬɫɹɢɡ ɩɚɪ ɩɟ ɟɞɧɢɯ ɫɟɝɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɧɟɮɪɨɬɨɦɚ |
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ɛ ɧɚɱɚɥɨ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ– 2-ɨɣ ɦɟɫɹɰ ɜɧɭɬɪɢɭɬɪɨɛɧɨɝɨ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ |
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ɜ ɟɺ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɧɵɟ– ɦɟɬɚɧɟɮɪɢɞɢɢS-ɨɛɪɚɡɧɨɣɮɨɪɦɵ |
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ɦɟɡɨɧɟɮɪɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɩɪɨɬɨɤ |
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ɝ ɜɟɧɬɪɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɤɨɧɰɵɦɟɬɚɧɟɮ ɢɞɢɢɣɮɨɪɦɢɪɭɸɬ ɤɚɩɫɭɥɭ |
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ɒɭɦɥɹɧɫɤɨɝɨ– Ȼɨɭɦɟɧɚ |
ɪ |
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ɞ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɢɪɭɟɬ ɞɨ-ɝɨɦɟɫɹɰɚ ɜɧɭɬɪɢɭɬɪɨɛɧɨɝɨ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ |
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ɉɟ ɤ ɪɨɠɞɟɧɢɸ ɪɟɞɭɰɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ |
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ɠ ɢɧɞɭɰɢɪɭɟɬ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪ ɹɢɱɤɚ ɢ ɟɝɨ ɩɪɢɞɚɬɤɚ ɡ ɜɫɺ ɩɟɪɟɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɟ ɜɟɪɧɨ
119. Ɂɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɦɟɡɨɧɟɮɪɨɫɚ ɞɥɹɩɥɨɞɚ ɜɵɛɟɪɢɬɟ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɵɣ ɨɬɜɟɬ ɚ ɤɚɩɫɭɥɚ ɜɟɧɬɪɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɤɨɧɰɵ ɦɟɬɚɧɟɮɪɢɞɢɣ ɨɛɜɨɥɚɤɢɜɚɟɬ ɫɨɫɭɞɢɫɬɵɟ ɜɟɬɨɱɤɢ ɚɨɪɬɵ ɢ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɭɸɬ ɩɨɱɟɱɧɵɟ ɬɟɥɶɰɚ ɛ ɩɨɱɟɱɧɵɟ ɬɟɥɶɰɚ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɸɬ ɭɠɟ ɫɨ-ɝɨ ɦɟɫɹɰɚ ɮɢɥɶɬɪɚɰɢɸ
ɤɨɧɟɱɧɵɯ ɜɪɟɞɧɵɯ ɞɥɹ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɦɚ ɩɥɨɞɚ ɦɟɬɚɛɨɥɢɬɨɜ
ɜ ɜɫɺ ɩɟɪɟɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɟ ɜɟɪɧɨ
120