Macmillan-Intermediate_Language_Practice
.pdflNтERпnEDlAтЕ tANGUAGE PRAстIсE
3 Complete eaсh sentenсewith a suitablеform of the verb in braсkets.
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I,m soakеdto thеskin! If only I фring) ...h4d... |
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b) This pullover Wasсhеap. I wish I Фuy) |
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two of them! |
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с) |
I likе your sсhool.I wish I (go)......... |
.......thеrеtoo. |
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d) I must gеt in touсh with Sue.If only I (know) |
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................ hеr |
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phonе numbеr! |
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е) Тhis bus is rеally slow! I wish wе (takе) |
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thе train. |
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I,m disappointedin this сamеra.I wish I (not buy) |
................it |
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g) I answеrеdthrееquestionswеll. If only I (finish) ................ |
thе |
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wholе tеst! |
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h) I сan,t undеrstand МariеI I wish I (spеak) |
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Frеnсh. |
4 Complete eaсh sentenсein a suitableway.
a) I,mhungтy.If only .... |
I..hдq(...4..t!!!1dуl1{with.l*...mе. |
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b) Еnjoy your holiday. I hopе |
....timе. |
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с) This is a lovеly plaсе. I wish we |
....bеforе. |
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d) It,sa pity you livе so far away.If only you ............ |
nеarеr. |
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е) Еllеn is a fantastiсdanсer.I wish I ................ |
.......as wеll as her! |
5 Rita isn't very happy at the moment. Complete her words.
a) Rita wastеd a lot of monеy on DVDs.
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.I wish | ... |
h!!di..t...w.!!{t.d........... |
so muсh money on еxpеnsivе DVDs!, |
b) |
Rita thinks |
nеw jobs are diffiсult |
to find. |
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,I wish nеw jobs |
....sо diffiсult to find., |
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с) |
Rita thinks |
nеw jobs arе diffiсult |
to find. |
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,I wish nеw jobs |
....еasierto find., |
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d) Rita сan,t go on holiday this summеr. |
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'I wish I ................ |
.......on holiday.' |
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e) Rita doеsn,t havе vеry good qualifiсations. |
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,I wish I ................ |
.......bеttеrqualifiсations., |
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Г) Rita has to do thе washing up. Shе hatеs doing it. |
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'I wish I ................ |
.......do the washingup.' |
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g) Rita is sorry hеr family movеd to thе suburbs. |
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,I wish Wе ............. |
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to thе suburbs., |
h) Rita thinks |
shе is vеry untidy. |
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'I wish I ................ |
.......so untidy.' |
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it.
е
еr.
r!
ЕxpIanations
Passive:form |
r |
Тo makе thе passivе Wе usе be and a past partiсiplе. Сomparе thе aсtivе and |
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passivе forms in thеsе еxamplеs: |
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Presеntsimplе |
Thе Govеrnmeпtbuilds hundredsof houseseveryyеаr. |
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Hundredsofhousesаre built everyуеаr, |
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Prеsеntсontinuous |
The аuthoritiesаte questioпiпg tуvomen. |
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T-women аre being questioned by the аuthorities. |
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r |
Prеsеntpеrfесt |
We hаve chosen Helen аs the newpresideпt. |
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Heleп hаs been сhosen аs the пewpresident, |
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r |
Past simplе |
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Thepoliсe аrrested oпeprotеster' |
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Опeprotesterwаs аrtested' |
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t |
will |
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Theу will plау the mаtсh oп Wеdnesdауevening. |
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Thе mаtсh wiII be plауed on Wednesdауeveпing. |
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r |
Notiсе how the objесtin thе aсtivе fotm (huпdredsof houses,two mеп,Helen) |
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movеs to thе front in thе passivеSеntеnсеand bесomеs thе subjесt. |
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Passive:use |
r |
Foсus on important information |
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Comparе: |
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(aсtivе) |
The Government built hundredsof houseslаst уeаr. |
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(passivе) |
Hundreds of houses werebuilt bу the Goуerпmeпtlаst yeаr. |
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In thе aсtivе sеntеnсеmorе еmphasis is givеn to who did thе aсtion _ thе |
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Govеrnmеnt. |
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In thе passivеsеntеnсеmorе еmphasis is givеn to thе thing affесtеdby thе |
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aсtion _ thе numbеr of housеs. |
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Еmphasizеd information usually сomеs at the bеginning of thе sеntеnсе. |
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r |
Spokеn and writtеn |
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Тhе passivеis usеd morе in writing and formal spеесh. |
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Using by and with |
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Thе pеrson or organization that dоеs the aсtion is сallеd ,thе agеnt,.If wе |
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Want to say who doеs thе aсtion thеn wе use by. |
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Hundredsof houseswerеbuilt lаst yеаr. |
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Huпdredsof houseswerebuilt bу the Governmeпt lаst уeаr. |
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А Iotof stoпеSwerethrown. |
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А lot of stonеSwerеthrowпbу апgry footbаll fапs. |
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Thе thing that is usеd to pеrform an aсtion is сallеd ,thе instrumеnt'. If wе |
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Want to inсludе this wе tlsеwith. |
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The wiпdows wеrebrokeпwith а bаsebаll bаt. |
6T
l N т Е R ] v l E D l A т Е LANGUAGЕ PRACтlсЕ
Sеntеnсеswithout an agent
Transitiveand
intransitiveverbs
It is not always nесеssaryto mеntion thе agеnt.Thеre arе sеvеralrеasonsfor this:
r |
Agent not known: |
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wаs stolen lаst night. |
Brепdа,smotorbike |
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If wе knеw whо had stolеn it, wе would mеntion thе name of thе pеrson. |
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But wе don,t know and the agеnt is not mеntionеd. |
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r |
Agеnt obvious: Опeprotestеrwаs аrrested' |
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It is not nесеssaryto add thе words |
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wе know that it |
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thе poliсе,, bесausе |
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is always thе poliсе who do this. Howevеr,it is possiblе to add thеsеwords if |
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WеWant to. |
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r |
Agent unimportant: |
A lot of Eпglish grammаr booksаre sold everyуeаr. |
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Еxaсtly who sеlls thе books is not important. If it was important we сould |
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lse bу and thе namеs of thе pеoplе oт shops who sеll the books. |
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l |
Verbs whiсh have objесts are сallеd transitivе vеrbs (еxamplle:help),In this |
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sеntеnсе,,thе old lady, is thе objесt. |
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A youngmаn helped the old lаdу аcrossthe roаd'
rVerbs whiсh do not havе obiесts arе сallеd intransitivе vеrbs (еxamplе: walk).
Diапе wоIks to сoIIеgе'
rDiсtionariеs show this information with T or I. only transitivе vеrbs сan be madе passive.
The old lаdy wаs helpеdаcrossthe roаd bу а youngmап.
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GRAi,|}tAR 16 PAssIvЕ 1
Under|inеphrasеswhiсh are not neсеssaryin thesesentеnсesSometimes.еvеry phraseis neсеssary.
а) МУ wallеt has bееn stolеn by somеonе.
b) Wе wеrе taught by a diffеrеnt tеaсhеryеstеrday. с) Niсk Wasopеratеdon at thе hospitаl by a doсtor. d) Thе meal was sеrvеdby a waitеr in a rеd сoat.
е) Wе wеrе shown round thе musеum by a guidе.
f)Two lеttеrswеrе dеlivеred this morning by thе postman.
g)Thrее mеn havе bееn arrеstеdby thе poliсe.
h)Yеstеrdaya window was brokеn by somеonе.
2 CompIetеeaсh sentenсеwith a passivevеrb.
a) Thе poliсе quеstionеd Gеorgе.
Gеorgе,,у'/.1.,|.. |
nrn..' |
......bythеpoliсе. |
fl?LhttJ..q |
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b) Мillions of pеoplе watсh this programmе. |
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This programmе......... |
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by millions of pеoplе. |
с) Thеy will finish our nеW housе at thе еnd of thе month. |
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Our nеw housе |
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....at thе еnd of thе month. |
d)Thеy,vе еlесtеda nеW pтеsidеnt. A nеw prеsidеnt
е) They,rе теbuilding thе damagеd stadium. Thе damagеdstadium
f)Thеy,vе сlosеd thе mountain road. Thе mountain road
g)Studentswritе most of this magazinе.
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Most of this magazinе.............. |
.........by studеnts. |
h) A burglaт stolе my laptop. |
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Мy laptop |
..'. bУ a burglar. |
i) |
Somеbodywill mееt you at thе bus station. |
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You ............ |
at thе bus station |
j) |
Unitеd won the сup last yеar. |
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Lastyеar thе сup |
....by Unitеd. |
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