Macmillan-Intermediate_Language_Practice
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l N т Е п м E D l A т E LANGUAGЕ PRACтIсE
mony and much
Change of
meaning
l Anу always has thе mеaning of ,no limit,. Comparе:
Is thеresomething I сап do to help? |
(I know what to do) |
Is thereаnуthing I cап do to help? |
(I,ll do whatеvеr I сan) |
Hаve уou got some letters for mе? (Thеrеarе partiсular lеttеrsI am еxpесting)
Hаve you got аnу letters for me?
(I havе no idеa if you havе lеttеrsfor mе or not)
Маnу is usеd for сountablе nouns and muсh is usеd for unсountablе nouns. Thеy arе usеd mainly in quеstions and nеgativеs.
How mоnу сhаirsаrе there? |
Therеаrеп,tmаny сushioпs. |
How muсh moneyhаvе wegot? |
Thereisп,t muсh wаter here. |
rSomе words сan bе сountable oI unсountablе with а сhangе in mеaning. Thе сountablе mеaning is spесifiс and thе unсountablе mеaning is gеnеral.
аftsh (thе animal)
аbusiпеss(a сompany)
аnoisе(a spесifiс nоisе)
аhаir (a singlе piесе)
аpаiпtiпg (onе objесt)
аwork (a work of art)
аloаf (a loaf of brеad)
аcoffee(a сup of соffее) a paPer(a nеwspapеr)
аwood(a small forеst)
rlп iroп (for prеssingсlothеs) а glаss (for drinking)
somefish (a portion of food) business(in gеnеral)
noise(in gеnеral) hаir (a||tоgеthеr)
pаintiпg (thе aсtivity/hobby) work (in gеnеral) somеbreаd(in gеnеral) someсoffee(thе matеrial) Somepаper(thе material) somewood(thе matеrial) someiron (thе matеrial) someglаss (thе matеrial)
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Look at thеsе еxamplеs: |
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I hеаrdа Strапgeпoise. |
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I cап,tstаndпoise. |
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I boughtа pаintiпg lаst week. |
Do you likepаiпtiпg? |
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Diапа hаd а vеrygoodeduсаtion. |
Eduсаtion is very importапt. |
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A knowledge of boаts is usфI. |
Kпowlеdge is the keу to SuссeSS' |
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Сап уou buy а loаf from theshop? |
Сап уou buу some breоd from thеshop? |
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other problеms |
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Onе group of nouns only has a plural form and takеs a plural verbzclothes, |
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сontепts,feelings,glаsses(for your еуеs),iеапs, stаirs, trousers |
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Mу trousеrsаre too tight. |
The stаirs аrе vеrySteep. |
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Onе group of nouns сan bе followеd by еithеr a singular or plural verb: аrmy, |
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аudieпсе,сlаss,сompапy,сrowJd, |
goverпment,grouP,public, teаm |
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fаmily, |
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The Governmеnthоs/hаve deсidedto resigп. |
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Thе word .nеws,is followеd by a singular verb. |
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The neу,s is on. |
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Thе word ,poliсе, is followеdbу |
a plural vеrb |
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The poliсe аreсomiпg. |
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lNтERпiЕDlAтЕ tANGUAGE PRAстl(E
Zеro artiсlе is usеd with gеographiсalarеas,lakеs, mountains and islands.
We уisitеdLake Viсtortа. It,s iп Eаst Afтicа.
Theу сlimbеdMt. Everest iп reсordtimе.
Heleпspeпtlrcr holidаyson Сrete.
Zеro artiсlеis usеdwith most strееts.
I bottg|tttllis dressfrom а shop iп Bond Street.
But wе usе flle for thе phrasе the High Street (this mеans thе main shopping strееtin a tolvn).
Zеro artiсlе is usеd with namеs of buildings with a plaсе namе bеfoге. \\,еt'isitеdBlenheim PаIасe аnd Сoventry Саthedrаl.
But iте use thеwhеn thеrе is aphrasе With oraftеr thе noun. I1.еI'isitеdthe Houses of Pаrliоmeпt.
Zегo aгtiсlе is usеd with namеs,blt theis usеd with titlеs. Саrol Pаrker is the Miпister of Сommunicаtions.
Zеro artiсiе is usеd with mеals whеn wе rеfеr to thеm in gеnеral.
Dinпеr is аt 7,З0.
But сomparе with thеsе еxamplеswhеrе Wе arе not talking gеnеrally:
'lt tlrcепdof theсoпfеreпсеtherewаs а dinner. |
(mеntionеd for first timеt |
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Tltе dinner thеуserveherеis reаllyfапtаstiс. |
(wе know whiсh dinnеr) |
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Zеro aгtiсlе is used with gеnеralhistoriсal rеfеrеnсеs |
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Prehistoriс Europe/Anсient Rome is а |
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periodof history. |
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fаsсiпаtiпg |
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Zегo artiсlе is usеd with bу for gеnеralforms of tlansport. \\е t+,еntthеrebу саr.
But сomparе with thеsе еxamplеswhеrе Wе arе not talking gеnеrally:
I\е wеntthеrein а reаIlуold саr' |
(mеntionеd for first timе) |
1\'еt+,епtthеrein the саr mу sisteruses. |
(wе know whiсh сar) |
\otе a]sothat wе saуon foot. |
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Zетoartiсlеis usеdwith сеrtain buildings, whеrе thе purposе of thе building is morе important than thе plaсе itsеlf. Сomparе:
litttis in prison.
\{у сompаnуis rеbuildiпgthe prison. \\:огdsof this typе arе:
be iп ot go to |
hospitаl,prisoп, bed,сlаss, сourt |
be аt or go to |
work, sсhool,universitу,seа |
With ,homе, |
be аt home,go home |
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