25 Complete the sentences:

(1) The capital of the USA is ...

(2) The state of Washington ...

(3) The District of Columbia...

(4) The union was ...

(5) ... states formed ...

(6) The states of... were the last to join...

26 Write down the questions for these answers:

(1)_________________? - Its area is 9.363,123 square kilo­metres.

(2)_________________?- The main rivers are the Mississippi, the Missouri, the Snake, the Platte, the Hudson.

(3)_________________? - The USA is a federal republic con­sisting of fifty states and the District of Columbia.

27 Sum up what the text says about the geographical position and administrative structure of the usa. Text 4: Economy of the usa

The United States of America is a highly developed industri­alized country. Shipbuilding, electronics, automobile industry, aircraft industry, space research are highly developed in the States.

Each region of the United States has characteristics of its own due to the differences in climate, landscape and geographical position.

Great Lakes, Atlantic Coast, Pennsylvania, New Jersy are big­gest industrial regions of the country.

The United States has a lot of mineral deposits or resources such as coal, gold, silver, copper, lead and zink. The south, especially Texas is rich in oil. The coalfields of Pennsylvania are rich in coal. There are plenty of coal mines. Illinois, Iowa, Nebraska is the richest farming region of Amer­ica and it is known as the Corn Belt. The land is fertile and well watered. They grow mostly corn and wheat there. Much livestock is also raised here.

There is a lot of fruit raising area. For example, California or­anges, grapefruit, lemons, as well as other fruits, wines and vegetables are shipped all over the States and to other parts of the world. The most important crops grown in the States are also tobacco, soy-beans, peanuts, grapes and many others.

There are a lot of large and modern cities, but a great propor­tion of the country consists of open land dotted with farm­houses and small towns. The usual average town, in any part of the United States, has its Main Street with the same types of stores selling the same products. Many American residen­tial areas tend to have a similar look. As to big cities their centres or downtowns 16ok very much alike. Downtown is the cluster of skyscrapers immitations of New York giants. New York City is the first biggest city of the States. Its popu­lation is more than twelve million people, suburbs included. It is a financial and advertising business centre. It is also a big­gest seaport of the Hudson River. Industry of consumer goods is also developed here.

Chicago with a population of more than three and a half mil­lion is the second largest city in the USA. It deals in wheat and other grains, cattle meat processing and manufacturing. Other big cities are Huston, an oil refining and NASA space research centre, New Orleans, a cotton industry centre, Los Angeles with Hollywood, Phyladelphia, a shipping commercial centre, Detroit, a world's leading motor car producer and many others.

Vocabulary

space - космос, пространство

research - исследование

space research - космические исследования

due to - вследствие, из-за

climate - климат

landscape - ландшавт

coast - берег

Atlantic coast - Атлантическое побережье

mineral deposits/ resources - запасы полезных ископаемых

gold - золото

silver - серебро

copper - медь

lead - свинец

zink - цинк

rich - богатый

to be rich in smth - быть богатым чем-либо

plenty of - много

syn. much, many, a lot of

mine – шахта, рудник

to mine - добывать

mining (industry) - добывающая промышленность

corn - кукуруза

pop-corn - поп-корн

belt - пояс

the Corn Belt - “Кукурузный пояс”

fertile - плодородный, изобильный

fertility - плодородие, изобилие

to water - снабжать влагой, поливать, орошать

water - вода

well watered - хорошо орошаемый

to raise - выращивать

to raise livestock - выращивать домашний скот

vegetable - овощь, растительный

to ship - отправлять, отгружать

to dot - усеивать

to be dotted with smth - быть усеянным чем-либо

average - среднее число, средний

to average - выводить, составлять среднее число

store(s) - магазины

syn. shop

to tend - иметь тенденцию, склонность

They tend to have a similar look. - Они имеют

тенденцию быть похожими друг на друга.

(Они все больше и больше становятся

похожими друг на друга)

downtown - деловая часть города

to look alike - выглядеть одинаково

cluster - скопление, концентрация

skyscraper - небоскреб

giant - гигант

suburb - пригород

to include - выключать

to advertise - рекламировать

advertisement (=ad) - реклама

consumer goods - потребительские товары

to deal in smth - иметь дело с чем-либо, заниматься чем-либо

to deal with smb - иметь дело с кем-либо

processing - переработка

meat processing - переработка мяса

to process - перерабатывать

process - процесс

oil – 1)нефть, 2) масло (раститель­ное)

to refine - очищать, рафинировать, повышать качество

oil refining centre - нефтеперерабатывающий цент

refinery - очистительный завод

refinement - очищение, рафинирование

NASA (=National Aeronautics and Space Administration) -

национальное управление по аэронавтике

и иследованиям космического пространства

cotton - хлопок, хлопчатобумаж­ный

Exercises