- •Английский язык Базовый курс
- •Contents
- •Вводно-фонетический курс 1. Listen and repeat. The English Alphabet
- • 2. Listen to the alphabet song. Learn it. Основные знаки фонетической транскрипции
- •Дополнительные знаки фонетической транскрипции
- •Правила чтения гласных
- •24. Read.
- •Основные правила чтения согласных букв
- • 37. Listen and repeat.
- •Unit 1 Hello!
- • II. Complete the questions.
- •I II. Match the questions with suitable answers.
- •IV. Look at John f.Smith’s card and answer the questions.
- •V. Make up your own card. VI. Read and listen to Paola’s letter to David, her penfriend.
- •I I. Read the descriptions of two of the people in the picture. Can you guess who they are?
- •III. Imagine it is possible to choose the way your child looks. Tell about your choices. Begin with “I’d like …..”. You should mention his:
- •IV. Match the adjectives with their definitions.
- •III. Can you tell about Russian families? The questions and expressions in the box can help you.
- •IV. Put the story in the most likely order.
- •V. Can you tell your or your parents’ love story?
- •VI. Look at the table below and tell about the people.
- •Unit 5 Somewhere to live
- •I. Read the descriptions of different houses and complete the table below.
- •II. Imagine that you are going to buy a new house. Which of the factors given are important for you. Explain your choices.
- •III. Look at the items of furniture in the box. Which rooms do they go in? Which can go in any room? Add your own words.
- •IV. Here are three descriptions of bedrooms. Read the descriptions and match each to a plan.
- • V. Listen to the description of the kitchen and fill in the gaps.
- •II. Think of the first hour of your day. Tick () what you usually do. Add your own ideas.
- • III. Read and listen to the texts.
- •IV. Complete the sentences about Sister Mary and Hans.
- •V. Read about Ann McGregor’s routine.
- •VI. Write the questions to the answers given.
- •VII. Read about Ann’s weekends and fill in the gaps with the correct form of the verbs in the box.
- •VIII. Ask and answer about these people’s routines.
- •II. Read the passages below where some people talk about their leisure activities.
- •III. Are the sentences true or false? Correct the wrong ones.
- •III. Fill the gaps with the words from the box.
- •Living in the city
- •II. Where would you like to live? Why? Write about advantages and disadvantages living there using the table below.
- •III. Which four of these adjectives describe your home town best? Write why.
- •IV. Imagine you’re visiting some town as a tourist. Write a letter home saying what you think of the place. V. Complete the sentences. Then listen and check. Practise saying some of the sentences.
- •VI. When you are in an unknown town/city it is very easy to get lost there. Remember the expressions which are often used when asking and giving directions.
- • VII. Listen to the conversations and complete them.
- •VIII. Make up dialogues using the situations and the guide words given below.
- •Meals in Britain
- •III. Are the sentences true (t) or false (f)? Correct the false sentences.
- •VI. Choose the right answer.
- •V. Read the following rules. Can you add any other rules? Good Rules to Remember
- •VI. Agree or disagree with the statements using the expressions given.
- •IV. Think of your school. How much do you remember? The following questions may be helpful to you.
- •V. Look at the table below and tell how the people spent last summer/winter.
- • III. Answer the questions about Gemma. Then listen and check your answers.
- •IV. Match the resolutions with the reasons.
- •II. Read the following situations and answer the questions.
- •No dogs
- •III. Match the questions with the gaps. Make up the questions to the rest of the gaps. What do you think the answers may be?
- •IV. Read the following stories and suggest what happened next.
- •I. Translate into your language:
- •II. Look at the information about one family and complete the sentences about the people.
- •Существительное в функции определения
- •I. Translate into your language:
- •Личные местоимения
- •I. Replace the subject of the sentence with he, she, it or they.
- •II. Finish the sentences with him/her/them…
- •III. Complete the sentences. Use I/me/you/she/ her etc.
- •IV. Complete the sentences. Use I/me/he/him...
- •Притяжательные местоимения
- •I. Put in my/our/your/his/her/their/its.
- •II. Finish these sentences. Use friend(s) of mine/yours etc.
- •Неопределенные местоимения some, any, no
- •I. Put in some or any.
- •III. Complete the sentences. Use some or any.
- •IV. Write these sentences again with no.
- •Неопределенные местоимения much, many, little, few
- •I. In this exercise you have to use much or many.
- •II. Complete these sentences with little/ a little/ few/ a few.
- •III. Some of the sentences are right but some are wrong. Correct them.
- •IV. Fill in the gaps with much/many, few/little.
- •Числительное
- •I. Say the numbers.
- •Предлоги
- •I. Write at/on/in if necessary.
- •II. Put in from...To/since/for.
- •III. Put in during/for/while ( в то время как, пока).
- •V I. Somebody asks you the way to a place. You say which way to go. Look at the pictures and write sentences beginning Go... Глагол to be
- •II. Put in there is/there isn't/ there are /there aren't/ are there
- •Глагол to have
- •I. Put in have (not) or has (not).
- •II. Write questions.
- •III. Answer the following questions like in the pattern:
- •Простое повествовательное предложение
- •I. Is the word order right or wrong? Correct the sentences that are wrong.
- •II. Put the parts of the sentence in the right order.
- •Вопросительные предложения
- •I. In this exercise you have to write questions. A friend has just come back from holiday and you are asking him about it.
- •II. This time you have to make questions with who or what.
- •III. Put the questions to the underlined words.
- •The present simple tense
- •I. Write down the third person singular of these verbs.
- •II. Complete the sentences using the verbs from the box.
- •III. Write the negative.
- •IV. Complete the sentences. Use the present simple.
- •V. Write the sentences from the words given.
- •VI. Complete the questions.
- •Степени сравнения прилагательных и наречий
- •I. Complete the table with comparative and superlative forms.
- •II. Rewrite each sentence using an opposite adjective.
- •III. Complete the sentences. Use a comparative.
- •V. Complete the sentences. Use 'than'.
- •VI. Complete the sentences with a superlative and prepositions.
- •VII. Complete the sentences with the suitable form of the adjectives in the brackets.
- •VIII. Here are some questions for you to answer. But you have to write the questions using the words in brackets. Then answer them.
- •IX. Write sentences with as .... As.
- •X. Translate the following sentences with 'the..... The'.
- •The present continuous tense
- •II. Which is right?
- •III. Put the verb in the present simple or the present continuous.
- •IV. Use the words in brackets to write sentences.
- •The past simple tense
- •I. In this exercise you have to read a sentence about the present and then write a sentence about the past.
- •II. Complete the sentences. Put the verb into the correct form, positive or negative.
- •III. Read about Lisa’s journey to Madrid. Put the verbs from the box in the correct form.
- •IV. Ask questions using the past simple.
- •The past continuous tense
- •I. Here is the list of some things that Ann did yesterday.
- •II. Put the verb into the Past Continuous.
- •III. Put the verbs into the past continuous or past simple.
- •IV. Put the verb into correct form, past continuous or past simple.
- •Модальные глаголы
- •I. Answer these questions, using the following word combinations.
- •II. Complete these sentences with must or have to (in the correct form). Sometimes it is possible to use either, sometimes only have to is possible.
- •III. Write sentences with I (don’t) think ….. Should …..
- •Способы выражения будущего действия
- •II. Use ‘to be going to’ instead of the Infinitives.
- •III. Complete the sentences using will or going to.
- •IV. Which is correct?
- •The present perfect tense
- •I. You are writing a letter to a friend and giving news about people you both know. Use the words given to make sentences and put the verb into the correct form.
- •II. Read the situations and write sentences. Use the words from the box.
- •III. Answer the questions using the words in brackets.
- •IV. In this exercise you have to make questions with the words given.
- •V. Using the words given write one sentence in the present perfect and one in the past simple.
- •VI. In this exercise you have to put the verb into the correct form, Present Perfect or Past Simple.
- •VII. Write complete sentences. Use the present perfect and the past simple.
- •VIII. Write questions to the answers given. Use the present perfect or the past simple.
- •Bibliography
II. Put the verb into the Past Continuous.
When I arrived, Tom ….. (lie) on the sofa and ….. (speak) over the phone.
The police caught Dan when he ….. (rob) a shop.
He couldn't speak because he ….. (die) of laugh.
What you ….. (do) between one and two ? I phoned you several times.
I ….. (play) the piano and heard nothing.
When I got up that morning, the sun ….. (shine) brightly and the birds ….. (sing).
When you rang me yesterday, I ….. (have) a bath.
Somebody stole the money from Dad's pocket while he ….. (sleep).
III. Put the verbs into the past continuous or past simple.
What ........... (you/do) when the phone ..... (ring)? - I .... (watch) television.
Was Jane busy when you went to see her? - Yes, she ........ (study).
What time ....... (the post/arrive) this morning ? -It ...... (come) while I ..... (have) breakfast.
Was Margaret at work today ? - No, she ...... (not/go) to work. She was ill.
How fast ........ (you/ drive) when the police ........(stop) you? - I don't know exactly but I ...... (not/drive) very fast.
......... (your team/win) the football match yesterday? - No, the weather was very bad, so we ....... (not/play).
How...... (you/break) the window? - We ..... (play) football. I ...... (kick) the ball and it .... (hit) the window.
......(you/see) Jenny last night? - Yes, she ...... (wear) a very nice Jacket.
IV. Put the verb into correct form, past continuous or past simple.
While Tom was cooking (cook) the dinner the phone rang (ring).
Peter ... (fall) off the ladder while he ... (paint) the ceiling.
Last night I ... (read) in bed when suddenly I ... (hear) a scream.
... (you / watch) television when I phoned you?
Ann ... (wait) for me when I ... (arrive).
... (not / drive) very fast when the accident (happen).
I ... (break) a plate last night. I ... (do) the washing up when it ... (slip) out of my hand.
Tom ... (take) a photograph of me while I ... (not look).
We ... (not go) out because it ... (rain).
What ... (you / do) at this time yesterday?
Модальные глаголы
В английском языке есть группа глаголов, лексическое значение которых не обозначает действие, а выражает отношение к действию, выраженному смысловым глаголом (возможность, вероятность, необходимость). Такие глаголы называются модальными.
Для таких глаголов характерны следующие особенности:
1. они не изменяются по лицам и числам (единая форма для всех лиц единственного и множественного числа);
2. инфинитив смыслового глагола следует за ними без частицы to;
3. вопросительная и отрицательная форма модальных глаголов образуется без вспомогательного глагола (исключение глагол have to).
CAN (в прошедшем времени имеет форму could) выражает физическую возможность:
I can drive. (Я могу водить машину.)
Can you read this handwriting?
I can’t do it right now.
MAY выражает возможность совершения действия в зависимости от разрешения или вероятности:
May I open the window?
(Можно мне открыть окно? (разрешаете ли вы?))
MUST (не имеет формы прошедшего времени, вместо этого употребляется глагол have to) выражает обязанность, долженствование, приказание:
You must pay for your bus ticket.
(Вы обязаны платить за билет в автобусе.)
You mustn’t litter.
В отрицательной форме must имеет значение категорического запрещения и переводится 'нельзя, не должен, запрещается'.
HAVE TO (в прошедшем времени имеет форму had to) выражает необходимость совершения действия:
You have to wear a uniform in the army.
(Вам придется носить форму в армии.)
You don’t have to pay for your classes.
Do I have to work at weekends?
SHOULD используется для выражения совета:
You look ill. You should see a doctor.
(Ты выглядишь больным. Тебе следует сходить к врачу.)
OUGHT TO выражает моральную необходимость совершения действия.
You ought to write your parents more often.
(Тебе следует писать родителям чаще.)