
- •Английский язык Базовый курс
- •Contents
- •Вводно-фонетический курс 1. Listen and repeat. The English Alphabet
- • 2. Listen to the alphabet song. Learn it. Основные знаки фонетической транскрипции
- •Дополнительные знаки фонетической транскрипции
- •Правила чтения гласных
- •24. Read.
- •Основные правила чтения согласных букв
- • 37. Listen and repeat.
- •Unit 1 Hello!
- • II. Complete the questions.
- •I II. Match the questions with suitable answers.
- •IV. Look at John f.Smith’s card and answer the questions.
- •V. Make up your own card. VI. Read and listen to Paola’s letter to David, her penfriend.
- •I I. Read the descriptions of two of the people in the picture. Can you guess who they are?
- •III. Imagine it is possible to choose the way your child looks. Tell about your choices. Begin with “I’d like …..”. You should mention his:
- •IV. Match the adjectives with their definitions.
- •III. Can you tell about Russian families? The questions and expressions in the box can help you.
- •IV. Put the story in the most likely order.
- •V. Can you tell your or your parents’ love story?
- •VI. Look at the table below and tell about the people.
- •Unit 5 Somewhere to live
- •I. Read the descriptions of different houses and complete the table below.
- •II. Imagine that you are going to buy a new house. Which of the factors given are important for you. Explain your choices.
- •III. Look at the items of furniture in the box. Which rooms do they go in? Which can go in any room? Add your own words.
- •IV. Here are three descriptions of bedrooms. Read the descriptions and match each to a plan.
- • V. Listen to the description of the kitchen and fill in the gaps.
- •II. Think of the first hour of your day. Tick () what you usually do. Add your own ideas.
- • III. Read and listen to the texts.
- •IV. Complete the sentences about Sister Mary and Hans.
- •V. Read about Ann McGregor’s routine.
- •VI. Write the questions to the answers given.
- •VII. Read about Ann’s weekends and fill in the gaps with the correct form of the verbs in the box.
- •VIII. Ask and answer about these people’s routines.
- •II. Read the passages below where some people talk about their leisure activities.
- •III. Are the sentences true or false? Correct the wrong ones.
- •III. Fill the gaps with the words from the box.
- •Living in the city
- •II. Where would you like to live? Why? Write about advantages and disadvantages living there using the table below.
- •III. Which four of these adjectives describe your home town best? Write why.
- •IV. Imagine you’re visiting some town as a tourist. Write a letter home saying what you think of the place. V. Complete the sentences. Then listen and check. Practise saying some of the sentences.
- •VI. When you are in an unknown town/city it is very easy to get lost there. Remember the expressions which are often used when asking and giving directions.
- • VII. Listen to the conversations and complete them.
- •VIII. Make up dialogues using the situations and the guide words given below.
- •Meals in Britain
- •III. Are the sentences true (t) or false (f)? Correct the false sentences.
- •VI. Choose the right answer.
- •V. Read the following rules. Can you add any other rules? Good Rules to Remember
- •VI. Agree or disagree with the statements using the expressions given.
- •IV. Think of your school. How much do you remember? The following questions may be helpful to you.
- •V. Look at the table below and tell how the people spent last summer/winter.
- • III. Answer the questions about Gemma. Then listen and check your answers.
- •IV. Match the resolutions with the reasons.
- •II. Read the following situations and answer the questions.
- •No dogs
- •III. Match the questions with the gaps. Make up the questions to the rest of the gaps. What do you think the answers may be?
- •IV. Read the following stories and suggest what happened next.
- •I. Translate into your language:
- •II. Look at the information about one family and complete the sentences about the people.
- •Существительное в функции определения
- •I. Translate into your language:
- •Личные местоимения
- •I. Replace the subject of the sentence with he, she, it or they.
- •II. Finish the sentences with him/her/them…
- •III. Complete the sentences. Use I/me/you/she/ her etc.
- •IV. Complete the sentences. Use I/me/he/him...
- •Притяжательные местоимения
- •I. Put in my/our/your/his/her/their/its.
- •II. Finish these sentences. Use friend(s) of mine/yours etc.
- •Неопределенные местоимения some, any, no
- •I. Put in some or any.
- •III. Complete the sentences. Use some or any.
- •IV. Write these sentences again with no.
- •Неопределенные местоимения much, many, little, few
- •I. In this exercise you have to use much or many.
- •II. Complete these sentences with little/ a little/ few/ a few.
- •III. Some of the sentences are right but some are wrong. Correct them.
- •IV. Fill in the gaps with much/many, few/little.
- •Числительное
- •I. Say the numbers.
- •Предлоги
- •I. Write at/on/in if necessary.
- •II. Put in from...To/since/for.
- •III. Put in during/for/while ( в то время как, пока).
- •V I. Somebody asks you the way to a place. You say which way to go. Look at the pictures and write sentences beginning Go... Глагол to be
- •II. Put in there is/there isn't/ there are /there aren't/ are there
- •Глагол to have
- •I. Put in have (not) or has (not).
- •II. Write questions.
- •III. Answer the following questions like in the pattern:
- •Простое повествовательное предложение
- •I. Is the word order right or wrong? Correct the sentences that are wrong.
- •II. Put the parts of the sentence in the right order.
- •Вопросительные предложения
- •I. In this exercise you have to write questions. A friend has just come back from holiday and you are asking him about it.
- •II. This time you have to make questions with who or what.
- •III. Put the questions to the underlined words.
- •The present simple tense
- •I. Write down the third person singular of these verbs.
- •II. Complete the sentences using the verbs from the box.
- •III. Write the negative.
- •IV. Complete the sentences. Use the present simple.
- •V. Write the sentences from the words given.
- •VI. Complete the questions.
- •Степени сравнения прилагательных и наречий
- •I. Complete the table with comparative and superlative forms.
- •II. Rewrite each sentence using an opposite adjective.
- •III. Complete the sentences. Use a comparative.
- •V. Complete the sentences. Use 'than'.
- •VI. Complete the sentences with a superlative and prepositions.
- •VII. Complete the sentences with the suitable form of the adjectives in the brackets.
- •VIII. Here are some questions for you to answer. But you have to write the questions using the words in brackets. Then answer them.
- •IX. Write sentences with as .... As.
- •X. Translate the following sentences with 'the..... The'.
- •The present continuous tense
- •II. Which is right?
- •III. Put the verb in the present simple or the present continuous.
- •IV. Use the words in brackets to write sentences.
- •The past simple tense
- •I. In this exercise you have to read a sentence about the present and then write a sentence about the past.
- •II. Complete the sentences. Put the verb into the correct form, positive or negative.
- •III. Read about Lisa’s journey to Madrid. Put the verbs from the box in the correct form.
- •IV. Ask questions using the past simple.
- •The past continuous tense
- •I. Here is the list of some things that Ann did yesterday.
- •II. Put the verb into the Past Continuous.
- •III. Put the verbs into the past continuous or past simple.
- •IV. Put the verb into correct form, past continuous or past simple.
- •Модальные глаголы
- •I. Answer these questions, using the following word combinations.
- •II. Complete these sentences with must or have to (in the correct form). Sometimes it is possible to use either, sometimes only have to is possible.
- •III. Write sentences with I (don’t) think ….. Should …..
- •Способы выражения будущего действия
- •II. Use ‘to be going to’ instead of the Infinitives.
- •III. Complete the sentences using will or going to.
- •IV. Which is correct?
- •The present perfect tense
- •I. You are writing a letter to a friend and giving news about people you both know. Use the words given to make sentences and put the verb into the correct form.
- •II. Read the situations and write sentences. Use the words from the box.
- •III. Answer the questions using the words in brackets.
- •IV. In this exercise you have to make questions with the words given.
- •V. Using the words given write one sentence in the present perfect and one in the past simple.
- •VI. In this exercise you have to put the verb into the correct form, Present Perfect or Past Simple.
- •VII. Write complete sentences. Use the present perfect and the past simple.
- •VIII. Write questions to the answers given. Use the present perfect or the past simple.
- •Bibliography
III. Match the questions with the gaps. Make up the questions to the rest of the gaps. What do you think the answers may be?
IV. Read the following stories and suggest what happened next.
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Robin’s story It was nearly ten years ago, so I was 22. I was working as a builder at that time and I was also a singer with a band in my free time. Anyway, we were building some houses near Farnham in Surrey. It was about half past ten in the morning and most of the other men were having their tea break. They were listening to the radio. I was working on the roof of one of the houses. There was another guy near me. He was painting the windows of the next house …..
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Katherine’s story It was two years ago – about eight o’clock in the evening. We were sitting in the living room. My husband was sitting in an armchair. He was reading the paper, as he always did. I was sitting on the sofa. I was knitting. Our daughter was expecting a baby, you see – our first grandchild – and I was knitting a little cardigan for it. There was a quiz show on the TV. But we weren’t really watching it. Well, as I said, we were just having a normal evening at home, when suddenly.…..
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David’s story Oh yes, I can remember it as if it was yesterday. I was at work at the time – at the bank. I was having a meeting with my staff. We were all sitting around the big table in my office. It was a rather boring meeting. Anyway, while Sarah Harvey, the assistant manager, was speaking, my secretary came in and said, “There’s a phone call for you”. Well, normally my secretary doesn’t interrupt meetings for phone calls. She takes a message. So I was surprised when she came in. “It’s your wife”, she said. “She says it’s urgent.” I was rather worried at this. My wife doesn’t panic easily ……
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UNIT 16
Past and Present
I. Read the notes from Mark’s life. Talk about what’s new with him.
five years ago |
today |
lived in London smoked twenty cigarettes a day was single had no children didn’t like his job didn’t speak any foreign language
|
live in Bristol doesn’t smoke has a wife have a baby has an interesting job can speak French |
II. Read this letter and say what changes have happened in Heide’s life.
III. Match the pairs of sentences about Heide.
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IV. Are the sentences true or false?
Heide is still not married.
She has a new job.
She has a daughter.
Her baby is three months old.
She lives in Germany.
V. Now write a letter to a friend describing how things have changed for you in the last year.
VI. Listen to Roger talking about his life and tick () the things he says he has done.
lived in a foreign country;
worked for a big company;
stayed in an expensive hotel;
flown in a jumbo jet;
cooked a meal for ten (or more) people;
met a famous person;
seen a play by Shakespeare;
driven a tractor;
been to hospital;
won a competition.
What about you?
Have you ever done any of these things?
GRAMMAR REFERENCE
ИСЧИСЛЯЕМЫЕ И НЕИСЧИСЛЯЕМЫЕ СУЩЕСТВИТЕЛЬНЫЕ
МНОЖЕСТВЕННОЕ ЧИСЛО СУЩЕСТВИТЕЛЬНЫХ
В английском языке существительные бывают исчисляемые и неисчисляемые.
Исчисляемые существительные – это существительные, которые можно посчитать:
a table, two tables, three tables …..
Существительные, которые нельзя сосчитать, называются неисчисляемыми. Они не могут иметь множественного числа и никогда не употребляются с неопределенным артиклем a/an:
snow, butter, money, sand, milk
Исчисляемые существительные в английском языке, так же как и в русском языке, изменяются по числам. Они могут употребляться в единственном и множественном числе.
Множественное число большинства существительных образуется путем прибавления окончания –s к существительному в единственном числе, которое читается:
как z после звонких согласных и после гласных:
a bed – beds bedz a tie - ties taiz
как s после глухих согласных:
а map – maps maps
Cуществительные, оканчивающиеся на согласные –s, -ss, -ch, -sh, x, во множественном числе принимает окончание –es,которое читается iz:
a box – boxes boxiz
K именам существительным, оканчивающимся на -y с предшествующей согласной прибавляется окончание –es и -y меняется на –i:
a city –cities sitiz
Если перед -y стоит гласная, то никаких изменений не происходит и мн. число образуется путем прибавления –s:
a day - days
Мн. число существительных, оканчивающихся на f, образуются путем замены f, согласной v и прибавлением окончания –es:
a shelf – shelves
Ряд существительных сохранили старое образование мн. числа путем изменения корневой гласной:
a man – мужчина - men –мужчины a woman-женщина – women –женщины a foot- нога - feet –ноги a mouse –мышь - mice – мыши an ox - бык – oxen - быки |
a child –ребенок – children – дети a tooth – зуб - teeth –зубы a goose - гусь - geese - гуси a fish – рыба –fish- рыбы a sheep - овца -sheep - овцы |
ЗАПОМНИТЕ!
Следующие существительные всегда употребляются во множественном числе в английском языке:
Scissors, glasses, trousers, jeans, shorts, tights, pyjamas.
I. Which of the nouns are countable or uncountable? Write C or U.
-
egg
sugar
apple
pen
pepper
orange
bread
salt
pencil
money
window
plate
city
paper
water
II. Write the plural.
-
potato
sandwich
knife
spoon
fork
cake
tomato
peach
candy
plate
banana
vegetable
mango
berry
dish
pear
III. Some of the sentences are right but most are wrong. Correct them.
The town center is full of tourist.
I’m going to buy some flowers.
For this cake I need two cup of flour.
There are a lot of cafe in our town.
For breakfast I usually have some tea with a toast.
Most of the restaurant in our town are very expensive.
How many egg do you need for that salad?
ПРИТЯЖАТЕЛЬНЫЙ ПАДЕЖ СУЩЕСТВИТЕЛЬНЫХ
Притяжательный падеж существительных показывает принадлежность предмета какому либо лицу. Существительное в притяжательном падеже служит определением к другому существительному и отвечает на вопрос whose – чей? Притяжательный падеж существительных в единственном числе образуется путем прибавления к существительному окончания –s ( т.е апостроф и окончание), которое произносится z, s или iz согласно тем же правилам которым подчиняется произношение окончание –s множественного числа существительных:
The girl’s ball - мяч девочки
My friend’s car - автомобиль моего друга
David’s camera - фотоаппарат Дэвида
Притяжательный падеж существительных во мн. числе обозначается только одним апострофом без дополнительного окончания:
The boys’ toys - игрушки мальчиков
Если существительное во множественном числе не имеет окончания, то притяжательный падеж образуется путем добавления ‘s и апострофа:
The children’s books – книги детей
The men's hats - шляпы мужчин