Speaking:

I. Divide the text into some meaningful parts, giving them the proper title.

II. Render the text, using the following phrases:

1. in the text it is stated that… ;

2. the main idea of the text concerns…;

3. it is well-known that…;

4. it is believed that…;

5. the latest studies say, that…;

6. referring to…;

7. another consideration is…;

8. it is necessary to take into account… .

Text V

Read the text about the new turning machine-tools with the help of the following words:

turning center		обрабатывающий центр
tooling		механическая обработка
computer-aided manufacturing process		производственный процесс с применением вычислительной техники
menu style interface
to trial		испытывать
to index		расставлять, распределять
to plummet		зд. появляться
collet		патрон, цанга
guide bushing		направляющая втулка, переходной фитинг
bin		ящик, стеллаж

Cnc lathe/cnc turning center

CNC lathe are rapidly replacing the older production lathes (multispindle, etc.) due to their ease of setting and operation. They are designed to use modern carbide tooling and fully utilize modern processes. The part may be designed by the Computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) process, and once set and trialled the machine will continue to turn out parts under the occasional supervision of an operator. The machine is controlled electronically via a computer menu style interface. The setter/operator needs a high level of skill to perform the process.

The design of a CNC lathe has evolved again with the basic principles and parts still recognizable: the turret holds the tools and indexes them as needed. With the advent of cheap computers, free operating systems such as Linux, and open source CNC software has plummeted.

For work requiring extreme accuracy (sometimes holding tolerances as small as a few tenths of a thousandth of an inch), a Swiss-style lathe is used. This lathe holds the workpiece with both a collet, and a guide bushing. The collet sits behind the guide bushing, and the tools sit in front of it. To cut lengthwise along the part, the tools move in and the material itself moves back and forth along the Z axis. This style of lathe is also available with CNC controllers to further increase of its versatility.

Most CNC Swiss-style lathes today utilize two spindles. The main spindle is used with the guide bushing for the main machining operations. The secondary spindle is located behind the part, aligned on the Z axis. In simple operations it picks up the part as it is cut off and accepts it for second operations, then ejects it into a bin, eliminating the need to have an operator manually change each part, as is often the case with standard CNC turning centers. This makes them very efficient, as these machines are capable of fast cycle times, producing simple parts in one cycle. This makes them ideal for large production runs of small-diameter parts.

Speaking:

1. Divide the text into some meaningful parts, giving the proper title to each of them.

2. Render the text, using the following phrases:

   1. the text gives information about…

   2. it is believed that …

   3. it is worth mentioning that …

   4. it is interesting to know …

   5. the advantage of CNC turning is…

Appendix II

ТЕСТ № 1

III СЕМЕСТР

I. Какое слово нельзя употребить во фразе

Mechanical engineer should possess a lot of prominent (чертами, характеристиками).

a. traits; b. characteristics; с. modes; d. features.

П. Какое слово не относится к синонимическому ряду со значением

1) иметь дело с чем-либо; 2) быть занятым чем-либо

a. to be busy with; b. to be engaged in; с. to do business; d. to concern with.

III. Замените подчёркнутое слово синонимом

Engineer of any qualification is in charge of good work of equipment.

a. is busy with; b. deals with; с. is responsible for; d. is good at.

IV. Завершите предложение соответствующим словом по смыслу

The engineer has at his command many new … (источники энергии).

a. working units; b. sources of power; с power reserves; d. automatic machinery.

V. Образуйте множественное число слова datum - данные

a. datums b. date c. dates d. data

VI. Закончите предложение

The work of the engineer requires ... (аналитического склада ума).

a. mentality; b. creative thinking;

с. analytical thinking; d. analytical frame of mind.

VII. Каким словом нельзя заменить подчёркнутое в предложении

The objective of engineering education and training is to prepare good specialists.

a. purpose; b. claim; с aim; d. goal.

VIII. Замените подчёркнутое слово наиболее близким синонимом

In the UK universities the emphasis has been done on engineering science.

a. stress; b. note; с attention; d. notice.

IX. Выберите вариант перевода, соответствующий следующему предложению

A lot of things are to be done in engineering improvement.

a. Много вещей делается для усовершенствования техники.

b. Многое сделано для усовершенствования техники.

c. Многое должно быть сделано для усовершенствования техники.

d. Для усовершенствования техники сделали многое.

X. Подберите английский эквивалент слову, данному в скобках

1. Ancient (мастера) discovered metals and learnt to refine them.

a. skilled men; b. craftsmen; с masters; d. qualified workers.

2. In ancient times all hard works were done (с помощью) slave labour.

a. with the help of; b. by means of; с. through; d. on the account of.

3. Earlier water was the most (распространённым) source of power.

a. expanded; b. known; с. used; d. widespread.

4. In the result of rapid expansion of scientific knowledge a lot of new branches of engineering (появилось).

a. appeared; b. emerged; с. sprung up; d. came.

5. The work of engineer requires (творческих) ability and working knowledge.

a. art; b. thoughtful; с creative; d. careful.

6. Because of the large number of engineering (областей) today there are many different proliferations.

a. branches; b. fields; с areas; d. spheres.

Ключи

I. с	П. с	III. с	IV. b	V. d
VI. d	VII. b	VIII. a	IX. с	X. 1-b 4-b 2-b 5-c 3-d 6-b