7.7.2 Страдательный глагол

Упражнение 1. Измените сказуемое в действительном залоге на страдательный, производя необходимые трансформации. Образец: My sister wrote a nice children's book.

A nice children's book was written by her.

1. Someone brought potatoes to Russia from South America.

2. Christopher Columbus discovered America in 1492.

3. People built a huge castle in the 16^th century.

4. People speak English all over the world.

5. Somebody published this dictionary in Russia.

6. The musicians play jazz all over the world.

7. Black Americans created jazz.

Упражнение 2.

Раскройте скобки, употребляя глагол в нужной форме страдательного глагола.

1. I am sure I (to ask) at the lesson tomorrow.

2. The article (not to translate) into Russian by the time.

3. The letter (type) just.

4. The new park (to lay) soon.

5. The picture (to paint) last century.

6. The new dictionary (to sell) everywhere now.

7. The dinner (to cook) at 2 o'clock yesterday.

Упражнение 3.

Передайте данные предложения в страдательном залоге, обращая внимание на модальные глаголы.

1. We must discuss the contents of the novel.

2. The actors ought to impress the audience.

3. You should stop these chatterboxes.

4. We must introduce the members of the team to each other.

5. You can't devour such books.

6. People have to transport these boxes as soon as possible.

7. They must translate the speech.

Упражнение 4.

Передайте данные предложения в страдательном залоге.

1. English borrowed a lot of words.

2. A postman brings them a lot of periodicals.

3. Mr. William's secretary will send this telex tomorrow.

4. They didn't find the origin of the adjective "big".

5. People easily memorize such idioms.

6. Somebody bought a bronze candlestick and three green candles.

7. People push the door to open it.

Упражнение 5.

Откройте скобки.

1. The new film much (to speak) about.

2. We (to teach) to read and speak English.

3. A new school (to build) in our street.

4. I (to meet) at the airport by Mike.

5. He (to listen) to with great interest.

6. The other speaker (to laugh) at.

7. The room (not to live) in.

Упражнение 6.

Вместо русских глаголов вставьте нужную форму английского глагола в страдательном залоге.

1. Pushkin's books (публикуются) in all countries.

2. Our newspaper (была принесена) later yesterday.

3. The school (будет построена) next year.

4. The telegram (была послана) in time.

5. The work (будет завершена) by the end of the lesson.

6. English (говорят) at the lessons.

7. This book can (быть взята) in our library.

Упражнение 7.

Переведите на английский:

1. мне показали;

2. нам одолжили;

3. им заплатили;

4. ему сказали;

5. мне предложили;

6. вас спросили;

7. ей отказали;

8. им отослали;

9. ей дали;

10. тебе разрешили.

7.7.3 Страдательный залог /Passive Voice

Тест 1. Выберите правильную форму глагола-сказуемого.

А. 1. Such long bridges seldom (are built/are being built). 2. Excuse the mess. I lie house (is painted/is being painted). 3.1 can't give you the articles now. They (are translated/are being translated). 4. Room 47 is not ready yet. It (is cleaned/is being elianed). 5. At the moment a new road (is built/is being built) round the city. 6. Such hooks (are not translated/are not being translated) easily. 7. We are expecting (jueKls. Tables (are laid/are being laid). 8. Your room will be ready soon. The beds (Ore nmde/are being made).

В.1. It I John said they couldn't take photos. The camera (was repaired/was being repaired). 2When they arrived home the walls of the dining room (were painted/ were being painted). 3. We couldn't get inside. The floors (were washed/were being washed). 4. Computer games (were not played/were not being played) when I was your age. 5. Last summer this edition of the novel (was not sold/was not being sold). 6. When Mr. Brown phoned, the article still (was translated/was being translated). 1. When I lived in Germany, newspapers (were brought/were being brought) to us early in the morning. 8.1 entered the hotel at 8. Everybody was busy. Rooms (were prepared/'were being prepared) for the arriving guests.

Тест 2. Соедините две части предложения:

1.	Laura was told	a.	and he'll be rich in a minute.
2.	Peter was shown	b.	to hospital to see his doctor.
3.	Jimmy is being paid	c.	the new bike his parents had bought
4.	David has been sent		for him.
5.	Philip will be asked	d.	a new job when Dr. Black came in.
6.	Emma was being offered	e.	where he will be on Friday.
		f.	they were living tomorrow.

Тест 3. Заполните таблицу, практикуясь в употреблении действительного и

Active	Passive
1	1. The film is much spoken about.
2. They will look after the children.	2
3	3. The little girl was laughed at.
4. Somebody has looked for my granny's	4
glasses
5	5. His speech won't be listened to.
6	6. The children will be spoken to
	tomorrow.
7	7. The cab was sent for.

Тест 4. Выберите правильные предлоги with или by.:

1. Fish is cut a special knife.

2. What do we usually dig ?

3. These novels are written A. Cronin.

4. The big tree was cut down Jim.

5. Women's dresses are sewed dressmakers.

6. Who is the portrait painted ?

7. Meat is eaten a fork and a knife.

Тест 5. Соедините две части предложения, чтобы получить известные пословицы и найдите их русские эквиваленты в рамке.

1. Marriages are made a) cannot be undone.

2. Easily earned money b) than badly taught.

3. The devil is not so black c) is quickly spent.

4. Things done d) as he is painted.

5. Better untaught e) in heaven.

Браки совершаются на небесах: Недоученный хуже неученого. Не так страшен черт, как его малюют. После драки кулаками не машут. Что легко наживается, легко и проживается.