- •Розділ 3 мистецтво оратора. Публічні презентації……........45
- •Особливості перекладу текстів за фахом
- •Exercises
- •Everyday english and technical english
- •Exercises
- •Словотворення. Частини мови. Багатозначність слів.
- •Exercises
- •Exercises
- •British english and american english
- •Exercises
- •Exercises
- •Exercises
- •Wethe peoples ofthe united nations determined
- •And for these ends
- •Have resolved to combine our efforts to accomplish these aims
- •Exercises
- •Cosmic brain- phantom or reality?
- •Exercises
- •Мистецтво оратора. Публічні презентації
- •Exercises
- •If the answer to this question is positive
- •Giving talks and presentations
- •Grammar
- •Indirect (reported) speech
- •Delightful game of conversation
- •Exercises
- •Interviewer
- •Interviewee
- •Speaking in public
- •A good debator
- •Expressing one's opinion
- •Debate traditions
Interviewer
Good morning, .
Why do you want to work with us at Camp Elizabeth?
What experience do you have?
What do you think are important for the job?
Are there any questions you would like to ask me?
I'll be with people next week.
Interviewee
і Good morning, .
- I with children and I'd like to get
some .
I help with the youth club at school. I've organized sports and trips to various places.
You must have patience. And
another is enthusiasm. And, well, you have to be careful.
Yes, .
Thank you very much.
Speaking in public
What is speech? We speak every day. Under ordinary circumstances, we rarely give speaking, or our skills in speaking, until we are asked to deliver a speech, or simply to speak in public. First, terrifying thoughts and feelings consume us, but then, with the practice, we can develop the understanding and master the skills that will make us as articulate speakers who are organized, confident and competent and can communicate ideas in such a way that the others will be interested in and then persuaded by them.
Most speakers have one of the two general objectives when they prepare to make a speech; they aim either to inform listeners (to share new information with the audience to believe in or do something). However, in actual speaking situations, the purpose is not always clear. Persuasive speeches usually contain informative material and informative speeches may sometimes include elements of persuasion. The purpose statement of an informative speech often contains such words as show, explain, report, instruct, describe and inform. During a persuasive speech your main goal is to reinforce or change audience's beliefs or to make the audience believe in a certain way. Words convince, persuade, motivate and act commonly turn up in purpose statements for persuasive speech. So, what is speech? It is the act of preparing, staging and delivering a presentation to an audience.
Public speaking is a creative process. Speech making is divided into four main stages:
topic selection;
topic development;
presentation;
post presentation analysis.
A good debator
respects different opinions
is tolerant of people with whom he disagrees
looks at opposite viewpoint
researches the issue he will debate
expresses and tests his arguments;
learns to use reasons to challenge others ;
is an active citizen of his country.
Expressing one's opinion
I think/ suppose...As far as I'm concerned... In my opinion... I must say that...
I have a (very good ) reason to believe that... I'm of the opinion that...
ASKING FOR SOMEONE'S OPINION Do you think that...? What do you think about...? Are you sure that...? What is your opinion on...? What in your opinion is the reason for...? Do you agree that...? Why do you think that...? What makes you think that...? I wonder why...? Could vou clarify your point of view?
DEFENDING ONE'S OPINION Yes, but what I really mean is... What I'm trying to say is... On the contrary... I'd like to point out that... You are free to disagree with me but...
EXPRESSING UNDERSTANDING
I see
I've sot that.
That's clear now
All right
OK
(A list of some useful phrases and expressions)
AGREENG
Yes, that's right.
Exactly.
I fully agree with...
True,
That's right. Quite so. I think so too.
DISAGREENG
Г m afraid you are wrong here.
That's not right.
Absolutely not.
I've got some reasons to disagree that...
I've got an argument to oppose...
I see your point but...
There are may be something in what you say/said about... but...
You can't say that...
On the one hand...
On the other hand...
CHECKING UNDERSTANDING
Is that clear?
Are you with me?
Do you see what I mean?
EXPRESSIONS TO GIVE smb. TIME TO THINK
...you see...
Well, er...
.. just let me get this right...
...you know...
...let me see...
...just a moment...
...it's on the tip of my tongue...
Сфери (тематика) спілкування Areas (topics) of communi-cation |
Мовленнєва компетенція Speech competence |
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Functions |
Functional exponents (examples) |
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1 |
2 |
3 |
1. Введення в дебати |
Запросили та надати інформацію в межах сфер спілкування (Видатні люди сучасності й минулого) |
I'd like some information about... What's more,... Besides,... In addition to this,... The only thing that I might add... Just word about... I would like to raise a question about... |
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Перепитати |
Could you say that again please? May I ask...? I should ask... Are you interested in...? What are your chief interests? Would you mind repeating that please? |
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Скласти промову, переконати, надати інформацію пропонувати пропозиції, факти, аргументи |
I'd prefer to... What about you? I think I'd rather... I think the... better because its... I don't mind I'm quite sure/ certain that... It is well known that... I'm convinced that... I'm confident that... I do not doubt that... The only thing that... I might add... Just word about... |
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Висловити свою точку зору
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The general viewpoint adopted has been to... My point of view is somewhat different from yours. I am firmly opposed to the point of view that... In my opinion... I am of the opinion that... Why is, your opinion so strong? I'd like to know all shades of your opinion.
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He expressed his opinion that a compromise would be reached. A dissenting opinion. Opinions differ. Our opinions differ drastically. I discord with you on two points. Personally, I don't think that... is necessary to be... Our points of view is somewhat different from yours. Our points of view are in close agreement. I'm not insisting that you accept my point of view. I'm firmly opposed to the point of view that... Our points of view. is somewhat different from yours. I'm not insisting that you accept my point of view. I'm firmly opposed to the point of view that... |
Історія дебатів |
Висловитиперевагу, звернути увагу, ... |
I'll draw more attention to the issue. Could I call your attention to...? |
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... порівнювати два варіанти |
Unfortunately, it slipped my attention. New opportunities have received a great deal of attention A new problem claims our attention. Particular attention has been paid to... Nobody has paid any attention to it |
2. Елементи дебатів |
Переконувати співрозмовника |
But don't you agree/ (think) that... would be the best? So do we all agree that... would be the best idea? Have we all agree decided that... isn't the best idea? |
Навички дебатів |
Дістати згоди |
Well, most of us seem to think that... would be the most popular choice. So do we all agree that... would be the best idea? Have we all decided that... isn't the best idea? Well? Most of us to think that... would be the most popular choice |
Різні стилі дебатів |
Надати пропозиції, приклали, виразитиСхвалення (незадово- лення) |
Let's choose... I think...is a good idea. What about...? |
3. Методика дебатів |
Запросити інформа- цію, пре- зентувати аргументи |
For — In view of the fact that... Bearing in mind that... Given that... It's worth noting that... In support of the fact that... I should mention that... As I have already mentioned... As I understand... Against — however. Nevertheless... On the other hand... Despite this... But yon shouldn't forget that... It has to be said,... I can't accept... |
Побудова лінії аргу-ментації |
Запитання та відповіді на запи-тання |
I would like to ask about...? May I ask...? I should ask...? I wonder whether/if... I was always wondering about... |
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In answer/ reply to your question I would like to answer/say that... It's difficult to give an answer to... The answer is "no". I will try to answer your question. I would answer that... As to... question... To tome back to... question... In regard to... question... |
4. Мистецтво дебатів |
Інтонація у монологах і діалогах всіх типів речень відповідно до мовленнєвих функцій |
I'm confident that... I feel confident that... It is well known that... There is no doubt...
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Публічні презентації |
Обговорювати можливості, пропонувати альтернативні рішення |
If you were..., would you... I think the best thing to do would be... Wouldn't it be better if... Overall, it would seem that... Research has shown that... This would appear to be true because... Most people would agree that... |
Як стати гарним оратором |
Робить висновки |
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5. Рольова гра
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Висловити своє переконання, надати пропозицію,
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Do you feel sure about that? Could you explain how… I mean…
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висловити, думку, згоду тощо у відповідь на отриману інформацію. Наводити стислі приклади до проблеми, плану чи ідеї. Передавати ступені емоцій, підкреслюючи особисту значущість подій
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That’s the real reason why… |