I can use conversational cliché part II. Conversation

Forms of Address

Exercise 6: Find the right translation:

Expression	Translation
Mr./Madam Chairman	to a magistrate
Professor	to a man
Waiter/ waitress/ porter/ nurse/ etc.	to an audience
Your Highness	to a policeman
Your Majesty	to a married woman
Your Lordship	to medical practitioners
Mrs.	to an unmarried woman
Sir	to a prince or duke
Mr.	to the chairman of a meeting
Madam	to a woman whose marital status we do not know
Miss	to a professor
Doctor	to a king of queen
Ladies and Gentlemen	to people in certain occupations
Professor	to a lord (peer) or a High Court judge
Your Honor	used to female customers

Exercise 7: Correct the words and phrases you consider to be inappropriate and think about how it would be different in England/ the USA.

An elderly woman and a man in his twenties meet in the street. They have known each other for some years, but very superficially.

A: Good morning, Auntie Elizabeth!

B: Good morning Sir John!

A: How are you?

A: Well, I’m not too well. I’ve been struggling with backaches recently… and you know my salary is quite low; we can hardly make ends meet at the end of the month.

B: Oh, well. I think this is all the government’s fault, party so and so would do a much better job…

A: Hmm, maybe. Well, here is my bus. I have to go. Bye.

B: Hello.

A teacher and a student meet in the street:

A: Hi, Miss Brown. Where have you been hiding?

B: Hello, Peter. What’s up?

A: Everything is OK. And you?

B: I’m fine thank you. It is a pleasure to meet you.

A: The pleasure is mine.

A young girl is addressing to her groupmate:

A: How do you do Mr. Smith? It’s been ages since we last met.

B: How do you do? I’m so happy to see you again.

A: How is life treating you?

B: Life goes its usual way. And how are things with you?

A

I can read and translate texts on general topics. I can discuss actual topics.

: Can’t complain. Thank you so much.

Part III. Reading

Exercise 8: Before reading the text answer some questions:

1. What is the full name of the USA?

2. What is the official language of the USA?

3. What cities in the USA do you know?

Exercise 9: Read the text “The USA” Before reading study the words in the table below:

The USA

Active vocabulary of the text

District	['dɪstrɪkt]	округ
highland	['haɪlənd]	горная местность
lowland	[ˈləʊlənd]	низменность
Appalachian Mountains	[ˌæpə'leɪʧɪən]	Аппалачские горы
Cordilleras	[ˌkɔːdɪ'ljeərəs]	Кордильеры
Hudson River	['hʌds(ə)n 'rɪvə ]	р.Гудзон
Lake Superior	[ˌleɪks(j)uː'pɪərɪə]	Верхнее озеро
coal	[kəul]	уголь
petroleum	[pə'trəulɪəm]	нефть
to be based upon	[tə biː be͟ɪst ə'pɔn]	основываться на
free enterprise	[ˌfriː'entəpraɪz]	свободное предприним.
throughout	[θru'aut]	по всей площади, длине
chamber	['ʧeɪmbə]	палата
legislature	['leʤɪsləʧə]	законодательная власть
comprise	[kəm'praɪz]	включать
skyscraper	['skaɪˌskreɪpə]	небоскрёб
celebrity	[sə'lebrətɪ]	знаменитость

Exercise 10: Read the text:

THE USA

T he United States of America is situated in the central part of the North American continent. It is washed by the Atlantic Ocean in the east and by the Pacific Ocean in the West. The USA is the fourth largest country in the world after Russia, Canada, and China. Its area is about 10 million square kilometers and its population is over 270 million people.

The USA consists of 50 states and the District of Columbia. It is a special federal area where the capital of the country, Washington, is situated. The largest state of America is Alaska, the smallest state is Hawaii.

The continental part of the USA consists of 4 geographical parts: 2 highland and 2 lowland regions. The highland regions are the Appalachian Mountains in the east and the Cordillera in the west. The main rivers of the USA are the Mississippi, the Missouri, the Rio Grande, the Colorado, the Columbia and the Hudson River. The 5 great lakes, between the USA and Canada, include Lake Superior, Lake Michigan, Lake Huron, Lake Erie, and Lake Ontario.

The USA has many natural resources, such as coal, petroleum, and natural gas. The economy of the USA is based upon free enterprise.

The United States is one of the few countries in the world that has no “official” language. The basic language spoken throughout the country is American English. The second language is Spanish.

There are a lot of interesting and impressive cities in the USA but the heart of a nation is Washington, D.C., its capital. It is the center of the country in political sense and the most important city of the United States. The two main sights of Washington are the Capitol, which houses the two chambers of the legislature, and the White House, the official residence of the US President. Not far from the Capitol there is the Library of Congress, the largest library of the United States.

Another important city of the country is New York. It is the largest city in the USA and one of the largest cities in the world. The city comprises five boroughs: Manhattan, the Bronx, Queens, Brooklyn and Richmond. The center of New York is Manhattan Island. Numerous skyscrapers house banks and offices of American business. The Empire State Building, Rockefeller Center, the United Nations building, Central Park, Times Square, Broadway all these famous sights are situated there.

The second largest city of America is Los Angeles, famous for the center of the movie industry – Hollywood, and Beverly Hills where famous actors and other celebrities live.

The third largest city of the USA is Chicago, which is also called “the Windy City” because of the strong winds that blow in it. Chicago is an industrial center that has always attracted Americans and immigrants in search of work.

The most interesting city of the USA is San Francisco. It occupies the northern end of the peninsula, so it is surrounded on three sides by water. It is famous for its bridges, fog and foghorns. The greatest attraction of the city is the Golden Gate Bridge, which has become the symbol of the city.

Summary: The USA is one of the largest countries in the world. It has a lot of natural resources. The USA has no official language, however, American English is spoken throughout the country. The main political, cultural and industrial centers of the country are Washington, New York, Los Angeles, Chicago and San Francisco.

E xercise 11: Answer the following questions: