Revision Exercises

(based on the Introductory Material)

Exercise 1. Make up several questions of different types (including indirect questions) based on the following sentences: 1, 4, 7, 9, 11, 12.

Exercise 2. Make up several sentences on the analogy of sentences 1, 7, 10.

Exercise 3. Comment on the following sentences: 2, 3, 5, 14.

Exercise 4. Develop the following sentences into short situations: 12, 13, 14.

Exercise 5. Build dialogues round the following sentences: 1, 8.

35. Successful, successive

Introductory material

Read and translate the following sentences paying special atten­tion to the words in bold type.

1. Rupert is a bit pleased with himself. Of course he’s got plenty to be pleased about, successful man, successful husband, I only wish he and Hilda wouldn’t put it on display quite so much. 2. Mr Smith’s intervention proved successful. 3. She, in the course of two marriages has made herself successful and secure. 4. A farmworking couple who were thrown out of their cottage on Tuesday, later staged a successful sit-in at a council building as the first stage in their fight for a permanent home. 5. The successful launching by the Russians of the first space satellite in October 1957 posed many problems for the western nations, the least weighty of them being the actual naming in the various national languages of that epoch-making device. 6. The fact is that in some quarters the denunciation of Americanisms is a major hobby, and the correspondence columns of newspapers can always be relied on to provide criticism of the BBC along these lines. Indeed the BBC itself must be a linguistic battleground on occasions, if one is to judge by variants of vocabulary in successive readings of the news bulletins of a given day. 7. Last year researchers from Bonn University found fragments of dinosaur eggs in four successive layers of rock in Provence. 8. For two successive nights I kept an eye on that villa from the hedge opposite.

EXPLANATORY NOTES

Successful adj. Coming about, taking place, or turning out to be as was hoped for; having a favourable result; achieving or having achieved success, e.g. a ~ mission, to be ~ in doing smth., a ~ man, to be ~ in everything.

Antonym: unsuccessful adj.

Derivatives: successfully adv., unsuccessfully adv.

Successive adj. Coming one after the other; following in order; consecutive, e.g. ~ ballots, the ~ strokes of a piston, the team won four ~ games.

Derivative: successively adv.

The meanings of successful (успешный, удачный, удачливый, преуспевающий) and succesive (последующий, следующий один за другим) are utterly different, but these adjectives are sometimes confused because of the identity of the root word. Remember that successful is correlated with success (успех, удача) while successive is correlated with succession (преемственность, последователь­ность, непрерывный ряд).

Exercises

Exercise 1. Translate the following phrases into Russian; use them in sentences or situations.

1. A successful author. 2. Three successive games. 3. A successful novel. 4. With every successive day. 5. Several successive layers. 6. A successful campaign. 7. An unsuccessful actor. 8. His last five successive books. 9. Three successive leap-years. 10. To prove successful. 11. To make oneself successful. 12. Insufficiently successful. 13. An unsuccessful effort.

Exercise 2. Answer the following questions.

1. What do you call a man who succeeds in everything? 2. Can you say that Lester Kane was a successful businessman? Why not? (Th. Dreiser, Jennie Gerhardt) 3. Admiral Horatio Nelson won several successive victories over the enemy, didn’t he? What can you say on the subject? 4. What are the most important qualities one must possess to be successful in one’s work or studies? 5. Can you prove that Andrew Manson was a successful doctor? (A. Cronin, The Citadel) 6. Do you agree that «success is never blamed»? 7. In what way can two or three successive dry seasons affect agriculture?

Exercise 3. Paraphrase the following phrases and sentences using one of the words under discussion.

1. To succeed in one’s purpose. 2. Two consecutive dry seasons. 3. Several victories coming one after the other. 4. The test had succeeded. 5. They have been trying unsuccessfully to find any firm to open up. 6. The holiday was not a success.

Exercise 4.* Fill in the blanks using one of the words under discussion.

1. Thetr quest was ... . The pair they were in search of were seated in a lounge half-way up the staircase. 2. Five pay agreements with the Civil Service have been broken by ... Governments since 1961. 3. He bore no resemblance to the smart coach­man of a ... doctor. 4. Methodically he finished the examination, fighting back each ... wave of elation. 5. She woke up one morning and saw she just had a weak and ... man for a husband. 6. On two ... days each candidate was questioned, in turn, by two separate examiners. 7. It was another way of being ... .

Exercise 5. Complete and expand on the following sentences using one of the words under discussion.

1. It has been raining for three ... 2. Frank Cowperwood was a ... (Th. Dreiser, The Financier) 3. A persistent person is likely to ... 4. She longed with all her heart ... 5. The archaeologists found a number of valuable things in ... 6. The prisoner was exhausted and the work seemed more and more difficult with every ... 7. The scientist believed that his method would prove ...

Exercise 6. Use the following sentences in situations.

1. In two successive campaigns he had been defeated. 2. I have been what is called a successful man. 3. For several successive days early in the week it was an item of news. 4. Oaths, curses, maledictions exploded like the firing of successive mines. 5. He longed with all his heart to be successful. 6. Once he had been able to do so, but of late it was becoming harder and harder with every successive day.

Exercise 7. Make up a list of nouns that go with the adjectives successful and successive; use several of the resulting phrases in short dialogues or situations based on the subject matter of English or American novels.

Exercise 8. Translate the following sentences into English.

1. Его усилия увенчались успехом. 2. Наша команда выиграла три игры подряд. 3. Каждое последующее поколение имеет некоторые языковые отличия от своих предшественников. 4. Ему везет во всем. 5. Можно с уверенностью сказать, что он преуспел в жизни. 6. Попытки Минны найти работу оказались безуспешными. 7. Правильный выбор специальности — залог успешной работы. 8. Фрэнк Каупервуд был преуспевающим бизнесменом.