- •Передмова
- •Contents
- •Unit 1 the national technical university of ukraine
- •In the pictures you can see a beautiful leafy lane and two buildings: an old and a modern one. Can you recognize these places? Work in pairs. Choose a place and describe it to your partner.
- •Discuss the following questions with a partner.
- •Read the text and answer the questions that follow: The National Technical University of Ukraine "Kyiv Polytechnic Institute"
- •4. Find Ukrainian equivalents to the following English words and word combinations:
- •9. Listen to the text and answer the following questions.
- •10. Listen to the text again and complete the sentences.
- •11. Work in small groups. Find information in the Internet about top 10 Universities in Ukraine and share your information with representatives of different universities.
- •12. Work in pairs, student a and b. Discuss the following question: is it necessary for the 21st century engineers to know a foreign language?
- •13. You have to make a presentation about “kpi”. Write a short introduction (60-80 words) to your presentation in order to help you speak naturally. You may use the phrases in the box below.
- •14. Put the verbs in brackets into the Present Simple Tense. You have to decide if the verb is positive or negative.
- •15. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense form.
- •16. Write these sentences into the Present Simple negative form.
- •4. Complete the sentences with the appropriate words from the text:
- •5. Match the English words with their Ukrainian equivalents:
- •6. Match each adjective from the text with its antonym:
- •7. Put these word combinations in the right order to make sentences:
- •8. Read the clues and complete the crossword:
- •10. Listen to a business news report about the gas industry. While listening complete these sentences with the words from the frame.
- •12. You are a participant of the annual scientific conference and your task is to make a report entitled "Economy and Industry of Ukraine in the 21st century – our achievements".
- •14. Underline the correct tense form in the following sentences.
- •15. Put the verbs in brackets into the Present Simple or the Present Continuous.
- •16. Read the text and put the verbs in brackets into the Present Simple or the Present Continuous.
- •17. Translate the following sentences into English.
- •Unit 3 from the history of computer
- •1. Look at the pictures. What uses of computers do they show?
- •2. What do you know about the history of computer development in Ukraine?
- •3. Read the text and match the sentences (a-c) to the numbered spaces (1-3) in the text:
- •From the History of Computer
- •4. Fill in the gaps with the proper item from the text:
- •5. Match the English phrases with their Ukrainian equivalents:
- •6. Group the following words into three columns: nouns, adjective and verbs. Some of them fit into more than one column.
- •7. Find mistakes in the following statements and correct them:
- •8. Read the clues and complete the crossword:
- •9. Listen to the text and answer the following questions.
- •10. Listen to the text again and complete the sentences.
- •15. Put the verbs in brackets into the Present Perfect Tense.
- •16. Complete the sentence and underline the correct word in bold.
- •Unit 4 robotics
- •Robotics
- •4. Find Ukrainian equivalents to the following English words and word combinations:
- •5. Match the first part of the sentence (1-7) with the second one (a-g).
- •6. Match each word from the text with its synonym:
- •7. Read the text and fill in the gaps with the words from the list below. Use each word only once:
- •8. Read the clues and complete the crossword:
- •9. Listen to the text and decide whether the following sentences are true (t) or false (f):
- •10. Listen again and answer the questions.
- •Sir William Thomson, Lord Kelvin (1824 - 1907).
- •16. Fill in the gaps with the proper item.
- •Unit 5 the era of high-tech pollution
- •The Era of High-Tech Pollution
- •4. Complete the sentences with the appropriate words from the text:
- •10. Listen to three people expressing their views on environmental problems. Choose which of the problems they are anxious about. Mark as Yes () or No ().
- •15. Some of the following sentences contain mistakes. Find the mistakes and correct them.
- •16. Put the verbs in brackets into the Past Continuous or the Past Simple.
- •17. Translate the following sentences into English.
- •Unit 6 environmental protection
- •Look at the pictures which show the problems of the environment and match the suggestions with their problems.
- •Work in pairs and discuss:
- •Read the text and decide whether the statements that follow are true or false. Environmental Protection
- •4. Find Ukrainian equivalents to the following English words and word combinations:
- •5. Match the English words with their Ukrainian equivalents:
- •6. Fill in the gaps with the proper item from the text:
- •7. Read the clues and complete the crossword:
- •8. Match each adjective from the text with its antonym:
- •16. Underline the correct tense form in each of the following sentences.
- •18. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense.
- •Unit 7 facts about forces
- •What is force? Give examples of forces acting on people and objects around us.
- •What kinds of forces do you know? How are they related to motion?
- •Read the text and give the definitions of:
- •Group the following words into three columns: nouns, adjectives and verbs. Some of them fit into more than one column.
- •Match each word from the text with its synonym:
- •Match the first part of the sentence (1-7) with the second one (a-g).
- •Match the English phrases with their Ukrainian equivalents:
- •Read the clues and complete the crossword:
- •15. Put the verbs in brackets into the Future Simple Tense or the correct form of be going to.
- •Unit 8 gravity, friction, magnetism
- •Gravity, Friction, Magnetism
- •8. Read the clues and complete the crossword:
- •10. Listen again to the text and decide whether these sentences are true (t) or false (f):
- •Unit 9 simple machines
- •4. Decide, whether the statements below are true or false:
- •5. Match the first part of the sentence (1-7) with the second one (a-g).
- •6. Match the English words with their Ukrainian equivalents:
- •7. Complete the following sentences using the information from the text:
- •8. Read the clues and complete the crossword:
- •10. Listen and fill in the blanks with the correct words from the list:
- •12. Discuss the following quotations in small groups.
- •13. Why is manufacture so closely connected to science? Write a short paragraph (60-80 words) to answer this question using phrases and words in the box:
- •15. Fill in the gaps with the proper item.
- •16. Fill in the gaps with the proper item.
- •17. Fill in the gaps with can, can’t, could, couldn’t or was / wasn’t able to.
- •Unit 10 complex machines
- •1. Look at the picture and say, what simple machines does a bike consist of?
- •2. In pairs, discuss what is meant by “complex machines”. Give examples of such machines.
- •3. Read the text and match the questions (a-g) to the paragraphs (1-7):
- •4. Find Ukrainian equivalents to the following English words and word combinations:
- •5. Match the English phrases with their Ukrainian equivalents:
- •6. Match the first part of the sentence (1-7) with the second one (a-g).
- •7. Fill in the gaps with the proper item from the text:
- •8. Read the clues and complete the crossword:
- •17. Complete the sentences with should or shouldn't and the words in brackets.
- •18. Underline the correct verb forms and complete the sentences.
- •19. Each of the following sentences contains a mistake. Find the mistakes and correct them.
- •Unit 11 metals
- •Look at the objects in the pictures. What metals do you think they are made of?
- •Name as many metals as you can? Where are they used?
- •Read the text and correct the statements that follow. Metals
- •8. Read the clues and complete the crossword:
- •15. Put the verbs in brackets into the Present Simple Passive.
- •16. Transform sentences from the Active into Passive Voice.
- •17. In the following description of how plastics are shaped, put the verbs in brackets into the Present Simple Passive.
- •Unit 12 mechanical properties
- •1. Look at the objects in the pictures. What materials do you think they are made of and why?
- •2. In pairs, discuss what is meant by mechanical properties. What mechanical properties do you know?
- •3. Read the text and decide whether the statements that follow are true or false. Mechanical Properties
- •4. Match each adjective from the text with its antonym:
- •5. Match each word from the text with its synonym.
- •6. Put these word combinations in the right order to make sentences:
- •7. Group the following words into three columns: nouns, adjectives and verbs. Some of them fit into more than one column.
- •8. Read the clues and complete the crossword:
- •9. Listen to the text and answer the questions:
- •10. Listen to the text and complete the sentences.
- •12. Work in pairs. Discuss the following quotations with your partner.
- •14. In the following sentences underline the verbs and define the voice (Active / Passive).
- •15. Transform the sentences from the Active into Passive Voice, as in the example.
- •16. Put the questions into the Passive Voice.
- •17. Complete the following report of an accident which happened in a factory. Use the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
- •Unit 13 numbers
- •How are numbers classified? Give examples of rational and irrational numbers.
- •Work in pairs. Take turns to give examples of everyday use of numbers in our lives. Look at the pictures and say the time.
- •Read the text and find the expressions which mean:
- •Numbers
- •8. Decide whether the statements below are true or false:
- •9. Listen and practise.
- •10. Listen to the conversations. Write the numbers.
- •15. Rewrite the sentences in the passive in two ways, as in the example.
- •16. Rewrite the sentences in the passive, where possible.
- •17. Translate the following sentences into English.
- •Unit 14 numerals
- •1. Look at the picture and read the following Roman numerals.
- •3. Read the text and match the sentences (a-c) to the numbered spaces (1-3) in the text:
- •Numerals
- •4. Complete the sentences with the appropriate words from the text:
- •5. Match each adjective from the text with its antonym:
- •6. Read the text and fill in the gaps with the words from the list below. Use each word only once:
- •7. Match the English words with their Ukrainian equivalents:
- •8. Read the clues and complete the crossword:
- •10. Listen to the text and complete the sentences.
- •11. Discuss the following questions in small groups.
- •12. Make a short presentation on one of the following topics: "Maya numerals", "Babylonian numerals" or find another to your liking.
- •13. Choose one of the following quotations and explain what it means. Write a short paragraph (60 - 80 words) to express your opinion.
- •14. Match two parts to form conditional sentences.
- •15. Match the items in two columns in order to make correct Type 0 conditional sentences, as in the example.
- •16. Underline the correct tense form in the following sentences.
- •17. Put the verbs in brackets in the correct tense. Add a comma where necessary.
- •Unit 15 geometric figures
- •1. Match the geometric figures to their names.
- •2. What other geometric figures do you know? Name the objects in the classroom that have the shape of a circle, triangle, square, rectangle, oval, arc, cube, cylinder, hexagon, etc.
- •3. Read the text and correct the statements that follow. Geometric Figures
- •8. Read the clues and complete the crossword:
- •16. Use the information from the table to complete the sentences below.
- •17. Complete the table of adverbs.
- •18. Four of the sentences below contain mistakes. Find the mistakes and correct them.
- •Unit 16 measuring instruments
- •Match the measuring instruments to their names.
- •What do we use scales, thermometers, speedometers, clocks for? What other measuring instruments do you know? What are they used for?
- •Read the text about measuring instruments and complete sentences 1-5 with words from the text:
- •Measuring Instruments
- •8. Read the clues and complete the crossword:
- •14. Decide if the following nouns are countable or uncountable and write them in the appropriate column below.
- •15. Fill in the blanks with the where necessary.
- •16. Fill in the blanks with a / an or the where necessary.
- •17. Fill in the blanks with a / an or the where necessary.
- •Unit 17
- •Inventions
- •1. Match the invention to its inventor.
- •2. What do you think are the most outstanding inventions in human history? Why are they important?
- •3. Read the text and put the inventions in the chronological order:
- •Inventions
- •4. Match the first part of the sentence (1-7) with the second one (a-g).
- •5. Find mistakes in the following statements and correct them:
- •6. Match each adjective from the text with its antonym:
- •7. Read the text and fill in the gaps with the words from the list below. Use each word only once:
- •8. Read the clues and complete the crossword:
- •15. Fill in the gaps with some, any, no or one of their compounds.
- •Unit 18 types of engines
- •Types of Engines
- •15. Underline the proper item to complete the sentences.
- •16. Fill in the gaps with little / a little or few / a few.
- •17. Fill in the gaps with little / a little or few / a few.
- •Unit 19
- •Industrial design
- •1. Work in pairs. Look at the products in the pictures. What do you think makes their design good or bad?
- •2. Why do you think design is necessary in industry?
- •3. Read the text and find the expressions which mean:
- •Industrial Design
- •4. Complete the sentences with the appropriate words from the text:
- •5. Read the text and fill in the gaps with the words from the list below. Use each word only once:
- •6. Match the English words with their Ukrainian equivalents:
- •7. Group the following words into three columns: nouns, adjectives and verbs. Some of them fit into more than one column.
- •8. Read the clues and complete the crossword:
- •10. Listen to the text and complete the sentences.
- •15. Fill in the gaps with many or much.
- •16. Put the following sentences in order from the most to the least.
- •17. Complete the sentences with the words given in brackets.
- •Unit 20 manufacturing
- •1. What do you think can be done to make manufacturing more environmentally friendly? Why is it important?
- •2. In pairs, discuss the benefits and problems of recycling technologies in manufacturing.
- •3. Read the text and decide whether the statements that follow are true or false. Manufacturing
- •4. Find Ukrainian equivalents to the following English words and word combinations:
- •5. Fill in the gaps with the proper item from the text:
- •6. Find mistakes in the following statements and correct them:
- •7. Match the English phrases with their Ukrainian equivalents:
- •8. Read the clues and complete the crossword:
- •15. Complete the following sentences using the correct prepositions.
- •16. Underline the correct preposition. Use dictionary if necessary.
- •17. Five of the following sentences contain mistakes. Find the mistakes and correct them.
- •Grammar references Іменник (the Noun)
- •Артикль (the Article)
- •Неозначений артикль a/an
- •Означений артикль the
- •Артиклі не вживаються:
- •Займенник (the Pronoun)
- •Прикметник (the Adjective) / Прислівник (the Adverb)
- •Прийменник (the Preposition)
- •Числівник (the Numeral)
- •Порядок слів у розповідному, запитальному та заперечному реченні. Коротка відповідь на запитання.
- •I. Загальні запитання
- •I. Спеціальні запитання
- •III. Альтернативні запитання
- •IV. Розділові запитання
- •Дієслово (the Verb)
- •Утворення часів активного стану (див. Зведену таблицю часів активного стану)
- •Зведена таблиця часів активного стану (active voice)
- •Активний стан дієслова (the active voice) Часові форми дієслова
- •The Present Simple
- •The Past Simple
- •The Future Simple
- •The Present Continuous
- •The Past Continuous
- •The Future Continuous
- •The Present Perfect
- •The Past Perfect
- •The Future Perfect
- •The Present Perfect-Continuous
- •Модальні дієслова (the Modal Verbs)
- •Узгодження часів (the Sequence of Tenses)
- •Перетворення запитальних речень у непряму мову
- •Перетворення спонукальних речень з прямої у непряму мову
- •Інфінітив (the Infinitive)
- •Ми вживаємо інфінітив з to
- •Ми вживаємо інфінітив без to
- •Складний додаток з інфінітивом
- •Герундій ( the Gerund)
- •Ми використовуємо герундій :
- •Дієприкметник (the Participle)
- •Умовний спосіб дієслова (the Conditionals)
- •Найбільш вживані скорочення дієслівних форм
- •Irregular verbs
- •Unit 1 the national technical university of ukraine "kyiv polytechnic institute"
- •Unit 2 economy and industry of ukraine Gas Industry
- •Unit 3 from the history of computer
- •Unit 4 robotics Home Robots
- •Unit 7 facts about forces The Moment of Force
- •Unit 8 gravity, friction and magnetism
- •Unit 9 simple machines
- •Unit 10 complex machines Bicycle
- •Unit 11 metals
- •Unit 12 mechanical properties Material properties
- •Unit 14 numerals
- •Unit 15 geometric figures
- •Unit 16 measuring instruments Gauge
- •Unit 17 inventions
- •Unit 18 types of engines
- •Unit 19 industrial design
- •Unit 20 manufacturing Chopsticks for China, Made in America
- •References
5. Find mistakes in the following statements and correct them:
1. Early inventors were usually isolated and able to support themselves through their inventions.
2. Credit for the discovery of the writing was fought for bitterly by the Sir Isaac Newton and Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz.
3. The earliest artifacts make evidence of human inventiveness.
4. The names of the great archaeological ages are derived from the inventive use of iron and metal implements.
5. Invention is production of new devices, objects, ideas, or procedures useful in accomplishing human objectives.
6. An example of collective effort in producing an important invention is the discovery of the electronic digital computer.
7. The period of recorded history began with the invention of letters.
6. Match each adjective from the text with its antonym:
1. new a) small
2. useful b) antiquated
3. internal c) old
4. industrial d) public
5. modern e) useless
6. large f) external
7. private g) agricultural
7. Read the text and fill in the gaps with the words from the list below. Use each word only once:
title, invention, term, system, inventor, unique, device, definition
In common usage the 1) _______ invention is applied only to the production of new materials or operable devices, and the term 2) _______ is applied to a person who has produced a new 3) _______ or material. Less frequently, the term 4) _______ is applied to a new procedure; thus a person may be said to have invented a new game or a new 5) _______ of accounting. Under strict definition, however, anything produced by humans that is new and 6) _______ is an invention; this 7) _______ was recognized by Johann Sebastian Bach, who gave the 8) _______ Inventions to a series of his short keyboard compositions.
8. Read the clues and complete the crossword:
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LISTENING
9. Pre-listening: match the English words with their Ukrainian equivalents:
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10. Listen to the text and answer the following questions.
What is Kevlar?
Where is Kevlar used?
Who invented Kevlar?
What was the basis for a new fiber material?
What company financed the development of a new fiber material?
SPEAKING
11. Discuss the following questions in small groups.
What is the definition of the term “invention”?
What is the difference between the invention and the discovery?
What are the most important inventions of the 20th century?
12. Work in pairs. Choose the invention that to your mind is the most important for the mankind and discuss the following questions:
What invention have you chosen?
Who was the inventor?
When did he/she make the invention?
What are the advantages and disadvantages of this invention?
WRITING
13. Imagine that you are a researcher and you have to make a report about different inventions. Read the text again and give subtitles to each paragraph of the text in order to use them in your report.
GRAMMAR IN USE
These exercises can help you to practise the Pronouns: some / any / no (See Appendix 1 p. 200 – 202) and do the following exercises.
14. Choose the proper item.
Under strict definition, however, ….. produced by humans that is new and unique is an invention.
a) anything b) nothing c) anywhere
….. knows that he is a great inventor.
a) No b) Something c) Everybody
In the United States, ….. new and useful art, machine, manufacture, or material may be protected by patent.
a) no b) anything c) any
….. inventions are very important.
a) Some b) Any c) No
….. needed a phonograph before Edison invented it.
a) Nothing b) Nobody c) Everything
….. public campaigns have expressed a concern for patent protection.
a) Any b) Some c) No
….. invention ideas that have never been made in reality can obtain patent protection.
a) Some b) Something c) No