Vocabulary of the unit core vocabulary

Disease n an illness that affects people or animals, especially one that is caused by infection or a serious illness that lasts a long time and often affects one part of the body; catch / contract / pick up a disease заразиться, подхватить болезнь, заболевание; cause / bring about ~ вызвать болезнь; prevent ~ предотвратить болезнь; a contagious / infectious ~ заразное, инфекционное заболевание (but: an infectious person or animal заразный человек или животное)

Illness n the state of feeling ill or having a disease болезнь, недомогание

Diagnose v ставить диагноз; diagnosis n диагноз make, confirm a ~ поставить, подтвердить диагноз

Mishap n an unfortunate but not very serious event that happens to someone; несчастье, неудача; несчастный случай

Sprain v / n injure a joint by suddenly stretching or turning it; sprain one’s ankle, wrist, shoulder, knee вывихнуть лодыжку / ногу, руку, плечо, колено; вывих

Twist v injure a joint by bending it too much or in the wrong direction; twist one’s ankle, shoulder, finger подвернуть, вывернуть

Strain v injure oneself by twisting or stretching a muscle too much; strain one’s back потянуть мышцы спины

Pull a muscle injure a muscle by stretching it too much; растянуть мышцу

Break (broke, broken) V a leg, arm, ankle, wrist, toe, finger, rib сломать

Fracture v / n (the same as with “break”), one’s skull сломать; перелом

Bruise v / n сильно ушибить; синяк, ушиб

Scald oneself /sko:ld/ v / n обвариться, ошпариться (кипятком, горячим паром); ожог;

Burn oneself v/n обжечься (любым способом); ожог

Swell (swelled, swollen) v раздуться, опухнуть

Tear (tore, torn) a ligament порвать связку

Brain concussion сотрясение мозга

Plaster n гипс; have one’s leg in plaster нога в гипсе; take off the plaster-cast снимать гипсовую повязку/ гипс

Give an injection сделать укол

Vaccinate v give a vaccination, сделать прививку

Sting (stung) ужалить (о насекомом); щипать, жечь (о лекарстве)

Rash n сыпь

Cough v / n кашлять, кашель

Sneeze v чихать

Have a running nose иметь насморк

Prescribe smth to smb v; prescription n выписывать (лекарство); рецепт врача

Pull / take out a tooth syn. extract вырвать, удалить (зуб)

Fill a tooth запломбировать зуб

Operate v on smb / a part of the body оперировать; make an operation on smb / smth

Scar n шрам

ACTIVE VOCABULARY

injure v 1. а) ранить injure badly, seriously, severely (in an accident or when a bomb is exploded) сильно ранить; injure slightly легко ранить; injure oneself ушибиться, ранить себя; б) испортить, повредить His reputation will be badly injured by this newspaper article. INJURY n to smb / smth harm to a living thing вред, повреждение; do oneself an injury; The driver of the car received serious injuries to his legs and arms. Be careful lifting that heavy box – you’ll do yourself an injury!

DAMAGE n to smth from smth uncountable/ it is used for objects, not people. We can use damage for internal organs – brain damage, вред; повреждение, поломка; убыток, ущерб; Was there much damage to the car? Сильно ли повреждена машина? damage from the fire повреждения от пожара; to cause / do damage to smth причинять (наносить) вред, ущерб, убыток; The flood caused serious damage to the crops; This will do a lot of damage to her political reputation; suffer damage - терпеть убытки; DAMAGE v повреждать, портить, наносить ущерб, убыток.

WOUND n in a damaged place in the body; рана, ранение; a serious stomach wound; a bullet wound огнестрельная рана; to receive a wound; WOUND v ранить; He wounded her in the arm; to be seriously / badly / fatally / mortally wounded from an attack in which a gun o sharp instrument such as knife is used; (Don’t confuse it with the verb “wind – wound – wound” наматывать, заводить часы, извиваться о дороге) WOUNDED adj The wounded were taken to hospital; wounded pride

HURT v (hurt) 1. причинить боль; ранить; ушибить hurt badly/ seriously сильно ушибить; She hurt her leg when she fell. The two cars had an accident but luckily no one was seriously hurt. My daughter fell but she didn’t hurt herself. My leg hurts. 2. upset; задевать, обижать, делать больно; I’m sorry if I hurt your feelings. be very/ rather/ deeply hurt by (unkind words); UNHURT adj целый и невредимый

ACHE v болеть, испытывать боль My ear aches. У меня болит ухо. He was aching all over. У него все болело.

AСHE n a continuous, but not violent, pain; боль (особ. продолжительная, тупая) to have/ suffer from toothache, backache, stomachache, earache, a headache

Note: The words for some minor ailments are countable: e.g. a cold, a sore throat, a headache. But in British English earache,

toothache, stomachache, backache are more often uncountable.

PAIN n suffering, great discomfort of the body or mind; боль He was in great pain. She was crying with pain after she broke her arm; to feel, experience, suffer pain чувствовать, испытывать боль; to stand/ take pain терпеть боль; to ease / relieve the pain облегчить боль;; a severe pain in my back; slight stomach pains; painful adj причиняющий боль, болезненный Does the cut on your thumb still feel painful? PAINLESS adj безболезненный

SUFFER v 1. A) feel pain in your body or mind; испытывать боль; Don’t worry, the animal won’t suffer any pain. B) have a particular illness or physical problem; suffer from stress, sleeplessness, headaches страдать от стресса, бессонницы, головной боли; 2. experience smth very unpleasant or painful страдать; She was very generous to him but she suffered for it when he ran away with all her money. suffer (heavy) losses понести потери, убытки; SUFFERING n страдание, боль, мука

SURVIVE v 1. выдержать, пережить, перенести; survive a bad experience; 2. остаться в живых; продолжать существовать; уцелеть; выжить; Few buildings survived the fire. Мало зданий уцелело после пожара. She survived her son. Она пережила своего сына.SURVIVAL n выживание; SURVIVOR n оставшийся в живых, уцелевший

RECOVER from a disease v; syn. get over a disease; выздороветь, оправиться от болезни; ant. fall ill / come down / go down with an illness / disease заболеть, слечь с к-л болезнью

RECOVERY n выздоровление

CONVALESCE v to spend time resting after an illness or an operation in order to become healthier or stronger; поправляться после болезни; CONVALESCENCE n выздоровление

TREAT v 1. try to cure by medical means; лечить, проводить курс лечения treat some part of the body; treat smb for a disease / a condition with smth; My sister is being treated for a heart condition. 2. behave towards someone in a particular way; обращаться, обходиться, относиться к кому-либо как-либо; The firm has always treated its workers well. 3. do or buy smth special for yourself or someone else; treat oneself to smth побаловать себя чем-то; She treated herself to a nice hot bubble bath. treat smb to smth угостить кого-л. чем-л.; Bob treated us all to dinner at an expensive dinner.

TREATMENT n 1. лечение, уход; She was undergoing treatment for asthma. 2. обращение с кем-то / чем-то, отношение к кому-то / чему-то; TREAT n 1. угощение I’d like this lunch to be my treat.

CURE v smth; smb of smth вылечить кого-л. от чего-л. The only way to cure backache is to rest. This medicine will cure you of your stomachache. CURE n a cure for a headache лекарство, средство от чего-л. (IN)CURABLE adj (не)излечимый

HEAL v (over / up) 1. if an injury heals, the skin or bone grows back together and becomes healthy again заживать; The cut will soon heal (up / over). 2. feel happy again after emotional problems have healed; HEALER n хилер