Контрольная работа № 3 Вариант 1

Задание 1. Выберите правильный вариант словосочетания

During periods of ______________, the world often turns to a particular currency as a refuge.

а) supply of money c) marketing mix

b) economic turmoil d) showing a strong bottom

Задание 2. Выберите правильный вариант ответа

These notes are issued by government and __________ banks, and are known as 'legal tender'.

а) authorizing c) authorized

b) having authorized d) are authorizing

Задание 3. Дополните микродиалог

I would like to meet you to discuss your needs in further detail. - ___________________.

а) I would like to see it. c) Oh yes, how’s it coming along?

b) I’m sorry, but I won’t be available next week. d) Yes, I hope so.

Задание 4. Выберите правильный вариант ответа

The highest managerial organ of a British Stock Company is the Assembly of shareholders which elects the __________________.

а) Personnel Manager c) Board of Directors

b) Company Secretary d) Managing Director

Задание 5. Прочитайте текст и определите основную идею текста

а) The interactions in the economy as a whole.

b) The detailed treatment of one aspect of economic behaviour.

c) Two branches of the economic science.

Many economists specialize in a particular branch of the subject. For example, there are labour economists, energy economists, monetary economists, and international economists. What distinguishes these economists is the segment of economic life in which they are interested. Labour economics deals with problems of the labour market as viewed by firms, workers, and society as a whole. Urban economics deals with city problems: land use, transport, congestion, and housing.

However, we need not classify branches of economics according to the area of economic life in which we ask the standard questions what, how and for whom. We can also classify branches of economics according to the approach or methodology that is used. The very broad division of approaches into microeconomic and macroeconomic cuts across the large number of subject groupings cited above.

Microeconomic analysis offers a detailed treatment of individual decisions about particular commodities. We might study why individual households prefer cars to bicycles and how producers decide whether to produce cars or bicycles. We can then aggregate the behaviour of all households and all firms to discuss total car purchases and total car production.

Within a market economy we can discuss the market for cars. Comparing this with the market for bicycles, we may be able to explain the relative output of these two goods. Microeconomics studies simultaneously every market for every commodity. From this it is hoped that we can understand the complete pattern of consumption, production, and exchange in the whole economy at a point in time.

Microeconomists tend to offer a detailed treatment of one aspect of economic behaviour, but ignore interactions with the rest of the economy in order to preserve the simplicity of the analysis. A microeconomic analysis of miners' wages would emphasize the characteristics of miners and the ability of mine owners to pay. It would largely neglect the chain of indirect effects to which a rise in miners' wages might give rise. For example, car workers might use the precedent of the miners' pay increase to secure higher wages in the car industry, thus being able to afford larger houses, which burned more coal in heating systems. When microeconomic analysis ignores such indirectly induced effects it is said to be partial analysis.

Macroeconomics emphasizes the interactions in the economy as a whole. It deliberately simplifies the individual building blocks of the analysis in order to retain a manageable analysis of the complete interaction of the economy. Macroeconomists typically do not worry about the breakdown of consumer goods into cars, bicycles, televisions, and calculators. They prefer to treat them all as a single bundle called "consumer goods" because they are more interested in studying the interaction between households' purchases of consumer goods and firms' decisions about purchases of machinery and buildings.

Задание 6. Определите цель делового письма

а) Enquiry b) Complaint c) Offer

2nd June, 2007

Dear Sirs,

It is with great regret that we have to inform you that the material, delivered under Contract No 1258/57 do not conform to the specification on the basis of which the contract was signed.

By separate mail we have sent you a cutting from this material and one piece from the material of the previous consignment, so that you can compare the two and see the difference.

As a result of this situation we sustain heavy losses because we cannot fulfill our contractual obligations to our clients. In this situation we are prepared to retain the goods if you will reduce the price, say, by 40%.

Awaiting your early reply,

We remain faithfully yours,

John Brown

Department of Sales