Контрольная работа № 1 Вариант 2

Задание 1. Выберите правильный вариант ответа

Through most of history, ___________ were set by buyers and seller negotiating with each other.

а) products c) incomes

b) prices d) businesses

Задание 2. Выберите правильный вариант ответа

When your company starts __________ a strong bottom line, a bank might be willing to extend credit to you.

а) show c) to show

b) to be shown d) to be showing

Задание 3. Дополните микродиалог

Well, I’m sure you’ll understand that’s a reasonable offer. - ____________________.

а) I hope you are. c) Yes, but I’m sure you could offer a bit more.

b) That was impossible. d) Everything is correct.

Задание 4. Выберите правильный вариант ответа

These tax benefits are created by the _______ Congress to encourage investment in particular areas of the economy.

а) English c) UK

b) British d) U.S.

Задание 5. Прочитайте текст и определите, является ли выражение

The terms of delivery define what the price actually includes and stipulate the mutual obligations of the seller and the buyer.

а) истинным b) ложным c) нет информации в тексте

INCOME

The second of the three economic issues is the question of income distribution, the way in which income - that's what people earn - is distributed or shared around.

You have an annual income - that is what you earn in a year. This income allows you to enjoy various goods and services. It means you have a certain standard of living. Your standard of living includes what you think of as necessary to your life, things like food, water, somewhere to live, health and education. But your income doesn't just cover the necessities of life. It also includes recreation, whether that's sport or TV or a holiday.

Just as you and your family have an income, so different countries have an income - the national income, it's often called. A national income is not the money the government gets. The national income is the sum total of the incomes of all the people living in that country, in other words, everyone's income added together. In the same way one can think of world income as the total of all the incomes earned by all the people in the world.

Concerning the distribution of national and world income, some questions are to be asked: who, in the world, gets what share of these incomes? The distribution of income, either in the world or in a country, tells us how income divided between different groups or individuals. In poor countries the income per head is only one hundred and fifty-five pounds per year. But at the same time, they have fifty point seven per cent of the world's population. These poor countries only have five per cent of the world's income.

In middle-income countries the income per head is eight hundred and forty pounds. In the major oil countries it's seven thousand, six hundred and seventy. In industrial countries it's six thousand, two hundred and seventy. Turning to middle-income countries again, they have twenty-five point one per cent of world population, with fourteen point two per cent of world income. The major oil countries have point four per cent of population, the industrial countries fifteen point six. The oil countries have one point five per cent of world income, the industrial countries sixty-four point eight.

The first economic question is for whom does the world economy produce? It produces essentially for the people living in the rich industrial countries. They get sixty per cent of the world's income, although they only have sixteen per cent of its population. This suggests an answer to the second question of what is produced. The answer is that most of world production will be directed towards the goods and services that these same rich industrialized countries want. The third question is how goods are produced. In poor countries, with little machinery, not very much technical training and so on, workers produce much less than workers in rich countries. It accounts for an unequal distribution of income, not just between countries but also between members of the same country, although there individual governments can help through taxation.

Задание 6. Перед Вами бланк. Соотнесите информацию под определенным номером с тем, что она обозначает

a) Hobbies/activities c) Names of two referees besides employers

b) Address d) Next of kin

1		25 Tulskaya Street, Moscow, Russia
2	Tel daytime	(095)658 46 79
3	Tel evening	(095) 658 42 45
4		Mrs Antonina Serova, mother (see above address)
5	Education School/univ/college	Secondary Moscow Gymnasium
6		Vera Ivanova, Paul Norman
7		Reading, chess, skiing, swimming