- •Раздел 2 глагол (The Verb) Содержание
- •Порядок слов в английском повествовательном
- •Образование past indefinite tense
- •Образование future indefinite tense
- •Времена группы indefinite (active voice)
- •Примечания:
- •I. Особенности перевода
- •II. Особенности употребления
- •Времена группы continuous (active voice)
- •Времена группы perfect (active voice)
- •Глагол - to do - глагол то do
- •Глагол - to have –
- •Глагол to be
Примечания:
I. Особенности перевода
Перевод надо начинать:
а) с обстоятельства места;
б) со сказуемого, если обстоятельство отсутствует.
II. Особенности употребления
а) Глагол to be (is, are, was, were, will be) согласуется с последующим именем
существительным;
б) в отрицательных предложениях перед much и many и числительным вместо “nо” употребляется “not”.
Таблица 8
ОСНОВНЫЕ ФОРМЫ ГЛАГОЛА (НЕПРАВИЛЬНЫЕ ГЛАГОЛЫ)
Наиболее типичные способы образования Past Indefinite и Participle II
Infinitive |
Past Indefinite |
Participle II |
Participle I |
|
to meet |
met |
met |
meeting |
|
to get |
got |
got |
getting |
|
to begin |
began |
begun |
beginning |
|
to write |
wrote |
written |
writing |
|
to take |
took |
taken |
taking |
|
to speak |
spoke |
spoken |
speaking |
|
to sell |
sold |
sold |
selling |
|
to tell |
told |
told |
telling |
|
to keep |
kept |
kept |
keeping |
|
to build |
built |
built |
building |
|
to spend |
spent |
spent |
spending |
|
to send |
sent |
sent |
sending |
|
to let |
let |
let |
letting |
|
to put |
put |
put |
putting |
|
to cost |
cost |
cost |
costing |
|
to go |
went |
gone |
going |
|
to be |
was, were |
been |
being |
|
to have |
had |
had |
having |
|
to make |
made |
made |
making |
|
to do |
did |
done |
doing |
|
to show |
showed |
shown |
showing |
|
to say |
said |
said |
saying |
|
to pay |
paid |
paid |
paying |
|
Таблица 9
Времена группы continuous (active voice)
to be + Participle I
|
Present (действия, происходящие в данный момент) |
Past (действия, происходящие в определенный момент в прошлом) |
Future (действия, которые будут происходить в определенный момент в будущем) |
|
now, at the time, at this moment |
at 6 o’clock yesterday, at that time, the whole day yesterday, while, then, when he came |
at 6 o’clock tomorrow, at this time tomorrow, the whole day tomorrow, when he comes |
Утвердительная форма |
I am translating a text on computers now. He/she is translating a text on computers now. We/you/they are translating a text on computers now. Я перевожу ... сейчас. |
I/he/she was translating a text on computers at 6 o’clock yesterday. We/you/they were translating a text on computers at 6 o’clock yesterday. Я переводил ... в 6 часов вчера. |
I/we/ he/she/you/they will be translating a text on computers at 6 o’clock tomorrow.
Я буду переводить ... в 6 часов завтра. |
Вопросительная форма |
Am I translating a text on computers now? Is he/she translating a text on computers now? Are we/you/they translating a text on computers now? |
Was I/he/she translating a text on computers at 6 o’clock yesterday? Were we/you/they translating a text on computers at 6 o’clock yesterday? |
Will he/she/you/they/ I/we be translating a text on computers at 6 o’clock tomorrow? |
Отрицательная форма |
I am not translating a text on computers now. He/she is not translating a text on computers now. We/you/they are not translating a text on computers now. |
I/he/she was not translating a text on computers at 6 o’clock yesterday. We/you/they were not translating a text on computers at 6 o’clock yesterday. |
He/she/you/they/ I/we will not be translating a text on computers at 6 o’clock tomorrow. |
Таблица 10