Система образования в США

Post-secondary education in the United States is known as college or university and commonly consists of four years of study at an institution of higher learning. There are 4,495 colleges, universities, and junior colleges in the country. In 2008, 36% of enrolled students graduated from college in four years. 57% completed their undergraduate requirements in six years. The U.S. ranks 10th among industrial countries for percentage of adults with college degrees.

The most common method consists of four years of study leading to a Bachelor of Arts (B.A.), a Bachelor of Science (B.S.), or sometimes another bachelor's degree such as Bachelor of Fine Arts (B.F.A.), Bachelor of Social Work (B.S.W.), Bachelor of Engineering (B.Eng.,) or Bachelor of Philosophy (B.Phil.) Five-Year Professional Architecture programs offer the Bachelor of Architecture Degree (B.Arch.)

Высшее образование в Соединенных Штатах известна как колледж или университет и обычно состоит из четырех лет обучения в вузе. Существуют 4495 колледжах, университетах и двухгодичных колледжей страны. В 2008 году 36% зачисленных студентов, окончивших колледж в четыре года. 57% завершили свои требования студентов в шесть лет.США занимает десятое среди промышленно развитых стран за процент взрослых с высшим образованием.

Наиболее распространенный метод состоит из четырех лет обучения, ведущих к степени бакалавра искусств (BA), Бакалавр наук (BS), а иногда и степень другой бакалавра, таких какстепень бакалавра изобразительных искусств (BFA), бакалаврсоциальной работы (BSW) , Бакалавр техники (B.Eng.) или бакалавр философии (B.Phil.) пятилетний профессиональныйпрограмм архитектуры предлагают бакалавра архитектурыстепени (B.Arch).

Система образования в России

During training, students are invited to explore a number of subjects in accordance with the curriculum of the specialty. Typically, the lower classes focus on the fundamental priority for the entire group of related professions disciplines, and to increase the share of older narrower courses directly to the specialty.

Common in a number of universities was to study a certain percentage of elective courses the student (when it is necessary to examine additional 1.3 to the general curriculum of the course for the academic year, but the choice of courses available in high school provided the student).

Due to a number of merits, or other circumstances, some students may be transferred to a personal (individual) curriculum.

In Russian universities (as opposed to secondary schools, where shortly after the October annual conversion exams have been canceled) largely retained the pre-revolutionary (and global) approach to checking the quality of student learning, namely the holding of the conversion exams each year, with at least two times. In some cases, sessions are supplemented by colloquia, state exam, commonly used as intermediate control, course, checking homework.

In line with this, most universities academic year comprises two semesters - spring and fall, and sessions (a set of translated tests at the end of the semester) - winter and summer, practices, summer and winter vacations. Some Russian medical universities were used trimesters and in the academic year were, respectively, in three sessions.

Обучение

Во время обучения студентам предлагается изучить определённое число учебных предметов в соответствии с учебным планом по специальности. Обычно на младших курсах преимущественное внимание уделяется основополагающим для целой группы родственных профессий дисциплинам, а к старшим возрастает удельный вес более узких курсов непосредственно по специальности.

Обычным в ряде вузов стало изучение определённой доли курсов по выбору студента (когда надо изучить 1-3 дополнительных к общему учебному плану курса за учебный год, но выбор этих курсов из имеющихся в вузе предоставляется студенту).

В силу ряда заслуг или иных обстоятельств некоторые студенты могут быть переведены на личный (individual) учебный план.

В российских вузах (в отличие от общеобразовательных школ, где вскоре после Октября ежегодные переводные экзамены были отменены) во многом сохранился дореволюционный (и общемировой) подход к проверке качества студенческой учёбы, а именно проведение переводных экзаменов каждый год, причём не менее двух раз. В ряде случаев сессии дополняются коллоквиумами, госэкзаменами, повсеместно используются также промежуточные контрольные, курсовые, проверка домашних заданий.

В соответствии с этим в большинстве вузов учебный год состоит из двух семестров — весеннего и осеннего и сессий (набора переводных испытаний по окончании семестра) — зимней и летней; практик, летних и зимних каникул. В некоторых российских медицинских вузах использовались триместры и в учебном году было, соответственно, три сессии.

Сиситема образования в Великобритании

. In England, for a bachelor's degree takes three years in Scotland - four. Many universities provide an opportunity to get work experience while studying. In this case, the total duration of the study increases for the year. Some of the specialty related to medicine, dentistry and architecture, will require more extensive training on the Bachelor - up to 7 years. After successful completion of the program can enroll in master's and finish it in 1-2 years.

The cost of higher education in the UK is the highest in Europe. However, studies in British universities is so prestigious that it does not stop foreigners. Prices for the year of study range from 9000 to 13,000 pounds per year (depending on the university and the faculty). And the cost of higher education in England for medical specialties reaches 21,000 pounds per year.

In recent years the UK government is increasingly interested in attracting qualified professionals to work in other countries. Thus, in the middle of the 2010s the authorities have allowed Scotland to all foreign students after graduation to remain with them until two years and work in any specialty. In England the same magistrates graduates the opportunity to stay for a year so they can realize in practice the knowledge obtained in universities in Britain and the United Kingdom. In addition, the number of British immigration programs, and there is one that involves the granting of citizenship to students who have decided to stay and work in the UK after graduation.

В Англии для получения степени бакалавра требуется три года, в Шотландии – четыре. Многие ВУЗы предоставляют возможность пройти производственную практику во время обучения. В этом случае общая продолжительность учебы возрастает на год. Некоторые специальности, связанные с медициной, стоматологией и архитектурой, потребуют более продолжительного обучения на бакалавра — до 7 лет. После успешного окончания программы можно поступить в магистратуру и закончить её за 1-2 года.

Стоимость высшего образования в Великобритании является самой высокой в Европе. Однако обучение в британских университетах считается настолько престижным, что иностранцев это не останавливает. Цены за год учебы колеблются от 9 000 до 13 000 фунтов стерлингов в год (в зависимости от университета и факультета). А стоимость высшего образования в Англии по медицинским специальностям достигает 21 000 фунтов в год.

В последнее время правительство Великобритании проявляет всё большую заинтересованность в привлечении к работе квалифицированных специалистов из других стран. Так, в середине 2010-х годов власти Шотландии разрешили всем студентам-иностранцам по окончании учебы оставаться у них до 2 лет и работать по любой специальности. В Англии же выпускникам магистратур предоставляется возможность остаться на год, чтобы они могли на практике реализовать свои знания, полученные в университетах Англии и Великобритании. Кроме того, в числе британских иммиграционных программ существует и такая, которая подразумевает предоставление гражданства студентам, принявшим решение остаться работать в Великобритании после окончания вуза.

ФЭТиП

Faculty of Electronics and Instrumentation, trains specialists in the field of instrumentation, informatics and computer science, robotics, electronics, radio engineering and communications, biomedical technologies based on modern equipment, computers and information technology. The faculty are 36 professors, Corresponding Member of RAS.

The faculty created and successfully operate educational, research and manufacturing centers and laboratories:

on information security;

information telecommunication systems;

digital television;

automation and control industry;

measurements in electronics;

robotics;

Traditionally, the Department has close ties with the major enterprises of Saratov, where future graduates in work practices have the necessary skills and knowledge to ensure their competitive advantages and guaranteed employment. Among these branches - YARN, SEPO, Saratov electrical instrument-making plant named after Ordzhonikidze, Tantalum, Case, Diamond, Touch, Viatoris-Microelectronics.

Факультет электронной техники и приборостроения готовит специалистов в сфере приборостроения, информатики и вычислительной техники, робототехники, электроники, радиотехники и связи, биомедицинских технологий на базе современного оборудования, средств вычислительной техники, информационных технологий. На факультете работают 36 профессоров, член-корреспондент РАН.

На факультете созданы и успешно функционируют учебно-научно-производственные центры и лаборатории:

по проблемам информационной безопасности;

информационные телекоммуникационные системы;

цифрового телевидения;

автоматизации и управления в промышленности;

измерения в радиоэлектронике;

робототехники;

10 Изобретений

1. Microsoft's Kinect changed the usual way to play games

Xbox Kinect has quickly become one of the hottest new products last year. And deservedly so. For the first time no longer need to use the game controller to play games. Kinect now supports not only the team, tied to the movement, but also voice commands.

Why is this innovation: Kinect is just the beginning. Imagine such technology when using a TV or game consoles.

2. Flexible displays are already a reality, and soon they will be applied universally

Flexible touch screens may appear to be something that got away from the pages of science fiction, but they are real. For example, Samsung has already announced that, from 2012 in its products will use flexible screens.

Why is this innovation: you can dismiss the flexible screens, saying that they will never work, but the same people talking about and touch screens. Imagine that you can turn your smartphone into a tube or tablet, and put in your pocket or bag.

3. Technologies such as voice recognition Siri are becoming more advanced

Siri is not a real artificial intelligence, but close.

Why is this innovation: Siri, as well as other similar applications, is only the beginning. They can learn and improve. Perhaps in the future, all your household and personal appliances you can control the voice.

4. Cloud computing will remove the need for backup

Over the last year of the term "cloud" is well established in our vocabulary. But what is it? Simply put, it's a way to store all your files, photos, music, etc. on a remote server, having all this access from the Internet.

Why is this innovation: the extent of how the Internet connection is becoming faster, and devices to the Internet easier and cheaper to store your content in a "cloud" is the best way to backup their data. Also, this store allows you to save valuable space on your computer, tablet or smartphone.

5. Data centers, heating homes

With increasing cloud storage of computer content, the companies serving such services have to build for their storage more data centers. All they consume huge amounts of energy. Someone thought of using their waste heat to heat the house.

Why is this innovation: the data center is not very environmentally friendly, but if we can effectively use their waste heat, the benefits could be enormous.

6. Face Detection Technology is the future of marketing

This year, Facebook scare ad that will use face recognition to automatically tag photos that you upload. Even smartphones have started using face recognition. The new version of Android, Ice Cream Sandwich uses this technology to unlock the phone, when you look at it (unfortunately, its still easy to fool, putting the photo).

But this is only the tip of the iceberg. Face recognition is implemented everywhere. Even in the bars. Our Company called SceneTap recently installed cameras in bars, which analyze visitors. Are they young or older? Most men or women? People who are going into this bar, may open the SceneTap, find out what was on the public, and on the basis of information received to decide whether to go there.

Why is this innovation: let us for a moment put aside concerns about privacy. Face recognition has the potential to raise the target marketing to a new level. Imagine that passing a billboard, you will get ads, designed for your gender and age. This technology already exists and will be more distributed.

7. Google-car without a driver will make roads safer

On Google and mocked and praised for their efforts to create autonomous vehicles. Do not contributed to the positions of the company and the accident of a car prototype. But the gloomy genius of Google still continues to work on a project in their super secret lab to bring the car to the mind. There are even rumors that they plan to produce these cars.

Why is this innovation: being brought to perfection, these cars provide a lot of advantages. They will wipe out this problem as a drunk driver while driving, fatigue driving, or just a mistake.

8. Nest - the most advanced thermostat

Who knew that so people will start to go crazy with the new thermostat? But that's exactly what happened. Nest is a clever device that regulates the temperature of your home based on your habits. He understands when you're not. He knows when you are asleep. And its design is excellent.

Why is this innovation: Imagine that all your devices would be so smart - then they would save you a ton of money on their electricity bills.

9. Google plans to use Android, to make an online home a reality

Google recently announced plans for Android @ Home - a system that allows the user to control home appliances, lighting and other utility of your home by phone.

Google has refrained from details on the system, but the idea sounds interesting.

Why is this innovation: on / off light? Put the alarm on? Switch off the appliance, which forgot to turn off? If Google would do this, it is very much easier life.

10. LTE phones and tablets show a future where high-speed Internet everywhere

The technology LTE, or Long Term Evolution (long term evolution, approx. Mixednews) is a wireless technology that provides approximately the same data rate as a home wireless internet. As soon as the large operators continue to expand coverage LTE-technology and its penetration into your living room is only a matter of time.

Why is this innovation: One day, looking back, we do make fun of themselves, remembering how it was almost impossible to find a high-speed Internet other than seeding in a special cafe. Thanks to the LTE-chips in the phones and the tablet, we were finally able to fully experience what it is - to sit on the "thick" the Internet, even from out of town.