Metonymical group. Syntactic and semantic difference between metonymy and metaphor.
• transfer based on a real connection between the object of nomination and the object whose name it's given.
This is called metonymy in its two forms: synecdoche and periphrasis.
E- g. I'm all ears; Hands wanted.
Periphrasis and its varieties euphemism and anti-euphemism.
E. g. Ladies and the worser halves; I never call a spade a spade, I ca it a bloody shovel.
synecdoche
n.
a figure of speech based on transfer by contiguity in which a part
is used for a whole, an individual for a class, a material for a
thing or the reverse of any of these; a variety of metonymy
periphrasis
n.
renaming of an object by a phrase that emphasises some particular
feature of the object
euphemism – a word or word-combination, which is used to replace an unpleasantly sounding word or word-combination.
Religious e. – devil= the dickens, the deuce, old Nick
Moral e. – to die= to be goneto expire, to be no more, to depart
Medical e. – cripple= invalid
Political e. – profit= savings, revolution= tension, poor people= less fortunate elements