3 A teacher and student are talking about local customs. Fill in the gaps with the verbs in brackets in the correct form. Use would or used to where possible.

Teacher: What sort of things 1 did you use to do (you/do) as a child?

Yoko: Oh, when I was a child growing up in Japan there were many customs that we 2 _______ (follow). For example, I remember we 3 _______ (move) house when I was seven and we 4 ________ (visit) our new neighbours with gifts. At that time the tradition was that people 5 ________ (give) gifts of Japanese noodles, but it is different now and people tend to give things like soap or towels or nothing at all.

Teacher: 6 _________ (have) one tradition that you particularly remember?

Yoko: Yes, one tradition that I 7 __________ (really/like) was in the spring when the cherry blossoms were out. As a family we 8 _________ (go) into the countryside and we 9 __________ (spend) the day eating, drinking and singing. One year my father 10 _________ (take) a lovely photo of me and my sisters and I still keep that picture on my wall today.

Teacher: And 11 __________ (you/have to) do anything you didn't like?

Yoko: Yes. I remember how we 12 _________ (have to) clean the house thoroughly. This ceremony is called Osoji and my sisters and I 13 ________ (not/look forward to) it very much!

Unit 3. Variable and constant. Discrete and continuous.

Like other academic disciplines, statistics uses words in a different way than they are used in everyday language. You will find a fuller list of the words you need to understand and use in the Glossary.

1. Practice the pronunciation of the words:

Variable, trait, value, confusingly, particular, discrete, continuous, quantitative, certain, height, weight, temperature, intervene, measurements.

2. Read and memorize the following words. Use them in the sentences.

vary be separated from

be likely to do smth for instance

depend on contain

3. Read and translate the following sentences:

1. Car prices vary greatly across Europe. Roses vary widely in size and shape. 2. She'll most likely come without him. Do remind me because I'm likely to forget. 3. You can always depend on Michael in a crisis. You can depend on Jane to be late (= she is always late). The country depends heavily on foreign aid. 4. I separated the class into three groups. I shall separate you two if you don't stop talking. 5. Many teenagers earn money, for instance by babysitting or cleaning cars. There have been several instances of violence in the school. 6. Does this drink contain alcohol? He could barely contain his anger.

4. Read and translate the texts:

Variable and constant

In everyday language, something is variable if it has a tendency to change. In statistical language, any attribute, trait or characteristic that can have more than one value is called a variable.

In everyday language, something that does not change is said to be constant. In statistical language, an attribute, trait or characteristic that only has one value is a constant. Confusingly, something may be a variable in one context and a constant in another. For example, if you are looking at the spending patterns of a number of households, the number of children (which will vary) in a particular household is a variable, because we are likely to want to know how household spending depends on the number of children. But, if you are looking at the spending patterns of households which have, say, three children, then the number of children is a constant. Strictly speaking, in statistical language, when your variables and constants are categorical, for example, eye colour or nationality, they are known as attributes.