Laboratory work 8
NITROGEN.
1. Materials and equipment: crystalline ammonium nitrite, ammonium chloride, solutions of litmus, potassium permanganate, aluminium sulphate, copper (ІІ) sulphate, chrome (ІІІ) chloride, iron (ІІІ) chloride, nickel (ІІ) sulphate, copper (П) sulphate, copper (ІІ) chloride, lead (П) acetate, sulphuric acid, sodium hydroxide, ammonia, hydrazine, hydroxylamine, bromine water, concentrated ammonium chloride solution, sodium hydroxide, 100 ml beaker, test tubes, glass rods.
2. Chemical properties of hydrogen compounds of nitrogen
Experiment 2.1
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Description of the experiment |
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Put 2 g of the crushed ammonium nitrite into a test tube, add 10 ml of concentrated ammonium chloride solution, close with a stopper with an exhausting tube and heat carefully. When the air will be displaced from the test tube, collect gas, which evolves in the test tube by the method of air displacement. How is it necessary to place a test tube? Put a decaying splitter into a test tube with gas. What can you observe? Does it support burning? |
Observations
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Experiment 2.2
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Description of the experiment |
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Put 1 g of crystalline ammonium chloride into a dry test tube and add 2 ml of concentrated sodium hydroxide solution. Heat the mixture for 2-3 minutes. When the air will be displaced from a test tube collect gas, which evolves, in a dry test tube by the method of air displacement. How is it necessary to place the test tube? Then immerse an aperture of the test tube with ammonia into water. Does ammonia dissolve well in water? Why? Add to the obtained solution 1-2 drops of neutral litmus solution. What can you observe? |
Observations
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Experiment 2.3
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Description of the experiment |
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Put 1-2 ml of ammonia solution into each of six test tubes and add 3-4 drops of solutions: of aluminium sulphate into the first tube, of iron (Ш) chloride into the second one, of chrome (ІІІ) chloride into the third one, sulphate of nickel (ІІ) into the fourth, sulphate of copper (П) in the fifth, lead acetate (П) in the sixth. How does the solutions colour change? Is the precipitate formed? Give the equations of the relevant reactions and explain, with what the process in each case - reaction of a complexing or exchange flows past? |
Observations
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Equation of reaction
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Experiment 2.4
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Description of the experiment |
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Place 1-2 ml of bromine water into a test tube and add 4-5 drops of ammonia solution. What can you observe? What properties does ammonia show in this reaction? Give the equation of the reaction. |
Observations
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Equation of reaction
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Experiment 2.5
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Description of the experiment |
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Put a few crystals of ammonium chloride into a dry test tube. Keeping the test tube with small inclination, heat it. What can you observe? Does ammonia evolve? |
Observations
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Experiment 2.6
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Description of the experiment |
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Put 1-2 ml of bromine water into a test tube and add 4-5 drops of hydrazine solution. What can you observe? What properties does hydrazine show in this reaction? Give the equation of the reaction. |
Observations
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Equation of reaction
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Experiment 2.7
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Description of the experiment |
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Put 3-4 drops of 0.5N potassium permanganate solution, 5-6 drops of diluted sulphuric acid into a test tube and add 4-5 drops of hydrazine solution. What can you observe? What properties does hydrazine show in this reaction? Give the equation of the reaction. Carry out this experiment, taking diluted ammon0ia solution instead of hydrazine. Does the reaction proceed? Why? |
Observations
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Equation of reaction
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Experiment 2.8
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Description of the experiment |
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Pour 1-2 ml of copper (ІІ) chloride solution into a test tube and add 3-4 drops of hydrazine. Heat up the mixture slightly. What can you observe? What properties does hydrazine show in this reaction? Give the equation of the reaction. |
Observations
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Equation of reaction
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Experiment 2.9
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Description of the experiment |
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Put 3-4 drops of 0.5N potassium permanganate solution, 5-6 drops of diluted sulphuric acid into a test tube and add 4-5 drops of hydroxylamine solution. What can you observe? What properties does hydroxylamine show in this reaction? Give the equation of the reaction. |
Observations
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Equation of reaction
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