- •General procedures for injury or sudden illness on the land
- •If lifeguard recognizes that somebody needs immediate help:
- •If the victim is not moving or breathing:
- •Unconscious choking victim
- •Rescue breathing:
- •If there is pulse, but still no movement or breathing-continue rescue breathing
- •If there is no movement, breathing or pulse- begin cpr
- •If there is movement, breathing and a pulse-place the victim in recovery position cpr (cardiopulmonary resuscitation)
- •Infants are 0-12 months, children are from 1-12 years, and adults are more than 12 years old Cardiac Chain of Survival
- •Aed (automated external defibrillator)
- •If there is movement, breathing and a pulse - place the victim in recovery position recovery position
- •Conscious chokin - adult and child
- •Conscious chokin – Infant
- •Breathing and cardiac emergencies
- •Sudden illness
- •If the closed wound is not serious:
- •Eye injury
- •Nosebeed
- •Injures to muscles, bones and joints
- •Immobilize common muscle, bone and joint injuries:
- •Heat-related emergencies
- •Cold-related emergencies
- •Head, neck and back injuries
- •Victim recognition
- •Entries
Victim recognition
Swimmer: arms and legs work in a coordinated and effective way. The body position is nearly horizontal and there is some breath control. The person is able to make recognizable progress through the water
Distressed swimmer: can be recognized by the way they try to support themselves in the water. They might float or sculling or treading water. Body position might be horizontal, vertical or diagonal. Might call and wave for help. If a distressed swimmer is not rescued may become an active drowning victim
Active drowning victim: struggles to keep the face above water in an effort to breathe. If unable to do this, begins to suffocate. Arms extended to the side, pressing down for support. Body position is a vertical with no supporting kick. Do not make any forward progress in the water. Cannot call and wave for help. The active drowning victim usually stays at the surface for only 20-60 seconds. The victim may continue to struggle underwater but eventually loses consciousness and stops moving.
Passive drowning victim: body position-horizontal or vertical might float face down, face-up or submerged to the bottom
Entries
Slide –in entry: in shallow water, crowded pools or when a victim with a head, neck or back injury is close to the side of the pool.
Stride jump: if the water is at least 5 feet deep and you are no more than 3 feet above the water
Compact jump: if the water is at least 5 feet deep, and if you are more than 3 feet above the water. Also can be done from pool deck.