6. Прочитайте тексты, которые прилагаются и подготовьте их устный перевод и пересказ. Вариант 5

1. Перепишите предложения, вставив пропущенные слова. Предложения переведите.

human, life, achievement, regarded, encompassing

1. Aristotle rounded off his discussion of ethical living with a more detailed description of the ................... of true happiness.2. Stoicism offered a comprehensive collection of human knowledge ................... formal logic, physical study of the natural world, and a thoroughly naturalistic explanation of human nature and conduct.3. Many Western philosophers have been interested in the immortality of the ................... soul and in the relationship between human beings.4. As Plato saw it, hope of survival comes naturally to the philosopher, whose whole ............... is one of preparation for death.5. The earliest of the Christian church fathers either ............... philosophy as a source of heretical theology or offered general anti-intellectual tirades against the power of human reason .

2. Перепишите предложения, употребив глагол в скобках в правильной видовременной форме. Укажите время и залог, которое вы употребили. Предложения переведите.

1. Socrates's method of insistent questioning at least (to help, to be helped)us to eliminate one bad answer to a serious question. 2. Most fifth-century Greeks, like many twentieth-century Americans, ( to suppose, to be supposed) that natural differences between males and females of the human species entail a significant differentiation of their proper social roles.3. In his answer to the original challenge of showing that justice is superior to injustice Plato offered three arguments, each of which (to design, to be designed) to demonstrate the intrinsic merits of being a just person. 4. Aristotle also (to drow, to be drown) a sharper distinction between morality and politics than Plato had done. 5. Genuine happiness lies in action that (to lead, to be led) to virtue, since this alone provides true value and not just amusement

3. Перепишите предложения, подчеркнув в них модальные глаголы или их эквиваленты. Предложения переведите.

1. To honor his commitments and preserve the reputation of his friends, Socrates ought to escape from jail. 2. When Meno suggests that virtue is simply the desire for good things, Socrates argues that this cannot be the case. 3. Socrates holds that knowing what is right automatically results in the desire to do it, even though this feature of our moral experience could be doubted. 4. For philosophical knowledge, it is not enough to accept beliefs that happen to be true; we must also have reasons that adequately support them. 5. If we can only be said properly to know what is absolutely certain or beyond doubt, then very little indeed will be known.

4. Перепишите предложения и переведите их, обращая внимание на значение выделенных слов.

1. Philo Judaeus, for example, tried to develop a comprehensive view embracing both Plato and Judaism, this was no easy task, since the traditional religion of scripture was concrete and historically-rooted, while Plato's philosophy was extremely abstract and general. 2. Not everyone will agree that justice should be defended as worthwhile for its own sake, rather than for the extrinsic advantages that may result from its practice. 3. Since the rulers are responsible for making decisions according to which the entire city will be governed, they must have the virtue of wisdom, the capacity to comprehend reality and to make impartial judgments about it. 4. A society should design its educational system as a means to distinguish among future citizens whose functions will differ and to provide training appropriate to the abilities of each. 5. The Athenian tradition of participatory government disappeared as individual citizens were excluded from significantly shaping the social structure of their lives.