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Merin, Bob Metcalfe, Doug Morris, Walt Mossberg, Rupert Murdoch, Mike Murray, Nicholas Negroponte, Dean Ornish, Paul Otellini, Norman Pearlstine, Laurene Powell, Josh Quittner, Tina Redse, George Riley, Brian Roberts, Arthur Rock, Jeff Rosen, Alain Rossmann, Jon Rubinstein, Phil Schiller, Eric Schmidt, Barry Schuler, Mike Scott, John Sculley, Andy Serwer, Mona Simpson, Mike Slade, Alvy Ray Smith, Gina Smith, Kathryn Smith, Rick Stengel, Larry Tesler, Avie Tevanian, Guy “Bud” Tribble, Don Valentine, Paul Vidich, James Vincent, Alice Waters, Ron Wayne, Wendell Weeks, Ed Woolard, Stephen Wozniak, Del Yocam, Jerry York.

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Berlin, Leslie. The Man behind the Microchip. Oxford, 2005.

Butcher, Lee. The Accidental Millionaire. Paragon House, 1988.

Carlton, Jim. Apple. Random House, 1997.

Cringely, Robert X. Accidental Empires. Addison Wesley, 1992.

Deutschman, Alan. The Second Coming of Steve Jobs. Broadway Books, 2000.

Elliot, Jay, with William Simon. The Steve Jobs Way.

Vanguard, 2011.

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Freiberger,

Paul, and Michael

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Michael. Dealers

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Jobs, Steve. Smithsonian oral history interview with Daniel Morrow, April 20, 1995.

———. Stanford commencement address, June 12, 2005.

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2008. (See also his website, cultofmac.com.) Kawasaki, Guy. The Macintosh Way. Scott,

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Knopper, Steve. Appetite for Self-Destruction. Free Press, 2009.

Kot, Greg. Ripped. Scribner, 2009.

Kunkel, Paul. AppleDesign. Graphis Inc., 1997. Levy, Steven. Hackers. Doubleday, 1984.

———.Insanely Great. Viking Penguin, 1994.

———.The Perfect Thing. Simon & Schuster, 2006. Linzmayer, Owen. Apple Confidential 2.0. No Starch

Press, 2004.

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John. What the

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Overlook Press, 2009. Originally published, without prologue and epilogue, as The Little Kingdom (Morrow, 1984).

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Paik, Karen. To Infinity and Beyond! Chronicle Books, 2007.

Price, David. The Pixar Touch. Knopf, 2008. Rose, Frank. West of Eden. Viking, 1989. Sculley, John. Odyssey. Harper & Row, 1987.

Sheff, David. “Playboy Interview: Steve Jobs.” Playboy, February 1985.

Simpson, Mona. Anywhere but Here. Knopf, 1986.

———. A Regular Guy. Knopf, 1996.

Smith, Douglas, and Robert Alexander. Fumbling the Future. Morrow, 1988.

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Atheneum, 1993.

“Triumph of the Nerds,” PBS Television, hosted by Robert X. Cringely, June 1996.

Wozniak, Steve, with Gina Smith. iWoz. Norton, 2006. Young, Jeffrey. Steve Jobs. Scott, Foresman, 1988.

———, and William Simon. iCon. John Wiley, 2005.

NOTES

CHAPTER 1: CHILDHOOD

The Adoption: Interviews with Steve Jobs, Laurene Powell, Mona Simpson, Del Yocam, Greg Calhoun, Chrisann Brennan, Andy Hertzfeld. Moritz, 44–45; Young, 16–17; Jobs, Smithsonian oral history; Jobs, Stanford commencement address; Andy Behrendt, “Apple Computer Mogul’s Roots Tied to Green Bay,” (Green Bay) Press Gazette, Dec. 4, 2005; Georgina Dickinson, “Dad Waits for Jobs to iPhone,” New York Post and The Sun (London), Aug. 27, 2011; Mohannad Al-Haj Ali, “Steve Jobs Has Roots in Syria,” Al Hayat, Jan. 16, 2011; Ulf Froitzheim, “Porträt Steve Jobs,” Unternehmen, Nov. 26, 2007.

Silicon Valley: Interviews with Steve Jobs, Laurene Powell. Jobs, Smithsonian oral history; Moritz, 46; Berlin, 155–177; Malone, 21–22.

School: Interview with Steve Jobs. Jobs, Smithsonian oral history; Sculley, 166; Malone, 11, 28, 72; Young, 25, 34–35; Young and Simon, 18; Moritz, 48, 73–74. Jobs’s

address was originally 11161 Crist Drive, before the subdivsion was incorporated into the town from the county. Some sources mention that Jobs worked at both Haltek and another store with a similar name, Halted. When asked, Jobs says he can remember working only at Haltek.

CHAPTER 2: ODD COUPLE

Woz: Interviews with Steve Wozniak, Steve Jobs. Wozniak, 12–16, 22, 50–61, 86–91; Levy, Hackers, 245; Moritz, 62–64; Young, 28; Jobs, Macworld address, Jan. 17, 2007.

The Blue Box: Interviews with Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak. Ron Rosenbaum, “Secrets of the Little Blue Box,” Esquire, Oct. 1971. Wozniak answer, woz.org/letters/general/03.html; Wozniak, 98–115. For slightly varying accounts, see Markoff, 272; Moritz, 78–86; Young, 42–45; Malone, 30–35.

CHAPTER 3: THE DROPOUT

Chrisann Brennan: Interviews with Chrisann Brennan, Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak, Tim Brown. Moritz, 75–77; Young, 41; Malone, 39.

Reed College: Interviews with Steve Jobs, Daniel Kottke, Elizabeth Holmes. Freiberger and Swaine, 208; Moritz, 94–100; Young, 55; “The Updated Book of Jobs,” Time, Jan. 3, 1983.

Robert Friedland: Interviews with Steve Jobs, Daniel Kottke, Elizabeth Holmes. In September 2010 I met with Friedland in New York City to discuss his background and

relationship with Jobs, but he did not want to be quoted on the record. McNish, 11–17; Jennifer Wells, “Canada’s Next Billionaire,” Maclean’s, June 3, 1996; Richard Read, “Financier’s Saga of Risk,” Mines and Communities magazine, Oct. 16, 2005; Jennifer Hunter, “But What Would His Guru Say?” (Toronto) Globe and Mail, Mar. 18, 1988; Moritz, 96, 109; Young, 56.

. . . Drop Out: Interviews with Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak; Jobs, Stanford commencement address; Moritz, 97.

CHAPTER 4: ATARI AND INDIA

Atari: Interviews with Steve Jobs, Al Alcorn, Nolan Bushnell, Ron Wayne. Moritz, 103–104.

India: Interviews with Daniel Kottke, Steve Jobs, Al Alcorn, Larry Brilliant.

The Search: Interviews with Steve Jobs, Daniel Kottke, Elizabeth Holmes, Greg Calhoun. Young, 72; Young and Simon, 31–32; Moritz, 107.

Breakout: Interviews with Nolan Bushnell, Al Alcorn, Steve Wozniak, Ron Wayne, Andy Hertzfeld. Wozniak, 144–149; Young, 88; Linzmayer, 4.

CHAPTER 5: THE APPLE I

Machines of Loving Grace: Interviews with Steve Jobs, Bono, Stewart Brand. Markoff, xii; Stewart Brand, “We Owe It All to the Hippies,” Time, Mar. 1, 1995; Jobs, Stanford commencement address; Fred Turner, From

Counterculture to Cyberculture (Chicago, 2006).

The Homebrew Computer Club: Interviews with Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak. Wozniak, 152–172; Freiberger and Swaine, 99; Linzmayer, 5; Moritz, 144; Steve Wozniak, “Homebrew and How Apple Came to Be,” www.atariarchives.org; Bill Gates, “Open Letter to Hobbyists,” Feb. 3, 1976.

Apple Is Born: Interviews with Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak, Mike Markkula, Ron Wayne. Steve Jobs, address to the Aspen Design Conference, June 15, 1983, tape in Aspen Institute archives; Apple Computer Partnership Agreement, County of Santa Clara, Apr. 1, 1976, and Amendment to Agreement, Apr. 12, 1976; Bruce Newman, “Apple’s Lost Founder,” San Jose Mercury News, June 2, 2010; Wozniak, 86, 176–177; Moritz, 149–151; Freiberger and Swaine, 212–213; Ashlee Vance, “A Haven for Spare Parts Lives on in Silicon Valley,” NewYork Times, Feb. 4, 2009; Paul Terrell interview, Aug. 1, 2008, mac-history.net.

Garage Band: Interviews with Steve Wozniak, Elizabeth Holmes, Daniel Kottke, Steve Jobs. Wozniak, 179–189; Moritz, 152–163; Young, 95–111; R. S. Jones, “Comparing Apples and Oranges,” Interface, July 1976.

CHAPTER 6: THE APPLE II

An Integrated Package: Interviews with Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak, Al Alcorn, Ron Wayne. Wozniak, 165, 190–195; Young, 126; Moritz, 169–170, 194–197; Malone, v, 103.

Mike Markkula: Interviews with Regis McKenna, Don Valentine, Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak, Mike Markkula, Arthur Rock. Nolan Bushnell, keynote address at the ScrewAttack Gaming Convention, Dallas, July 5, 2009; Steve Jobs, talk at the International Design Conference at Aspen, June 15, 1983; Mike Markkula, “The Apple Marketing Philosophy” (courtesy of Mike Markkula), Dec. 1979; Wozniak, 196–199. See also Moritz, 182–183; Malone, 110–111.

Regis McKenna: Interviews with Regis McKenna, John Doerr, Steve Jobs. Ivan Raszl, “Interview with Rob Janoff,” Creativebits.org, Aug. 3, 2009.

The First Launch Event: Interviews with Steve Wozniak, Steve Jobs. Wozniak, 201–206; Moritz, 199–201; Young, 139.

Mike Scott: Interviews with Mike Scott, Mike Markkula, Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak, Arthur Rock. Young, 135; Freiberger and Swaine, 219, 222; Moritz, 213; Elliot, 4.

CHAPTER 7: CHRISANN AND LISA

Interviews with Chrisann Brennan, Steve Jobs, Elizabeth Holmes, Greg Calhoun, Daniel Kottke, Arthur Rock. Moritz, 285; “The Updated Book of Jobs,” Time, Jan. 3, 1983; “Striking It Rich,” Time, Feb. 15, 1982.

CHAPTER 8: XEROX AND LISA

A NewBaby: Interviews with Andrea Cunningham, Andy Hertzfeld, Steve Jobs, Bill Atkinson. Wozniak, 226; Levy, Insanely Great, 124; Young, 168–170; Bill Atkinson, oral

history, Computer History Museum, Mountain View, CA; Jef Raskin, “Holes in the Histories,” Interactions, July 1994; Jef Raskin, “Hubris of a Heavyweight,” IEEE Spectrum, July 1994; Jef Raskin, oral history, April 13, 2000, Stanford Library Department of Special Collections; Linzmayer, 74, 85–89.

Xerox PARC: Interviews with Steve Jobs, John Seeley Brown, Adele Goldberg, Larry Tesler, Bill Atkinson. Freiberger and Swaine, 239; Levy, Insanely Great, 66–80; Hiltzik, 330–341; Linzmayer, 74–75; Young, 170–172; Rose, 45–47; Triumph of the Nerds, PBS, part 3.

“Great Artists Steal”: Interviews with Steve Jobs, Larry Tesler, Bill Atkinson. Levy, Insanely Great, 77, 87–90; Triumph of the Nerds, PBS, part 3; Bruce Horn, “Where It All Began” (1966), www.mackido.com; Hiltzik, 343, 367– 370; Malcolm Gladwell, “Creation Myth,” New Yorker, May 16, 2011; Young, 178–182.

CHAPTER 9: GOING PUBLIC

Options: Interviews with Daniel Kottke, Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak, Andy Hertzfeld, Mike Markkula, Bill Hambrecht. “Sale of Apple Stock Barred,” Boston Globe, Dec. 11, 1980.

Baby You’re a Rich Man: Interviews with Larry Brilliant, Steve Jobs. Steve Ditlea, “An Apple on Every Desk,” Inc., Oct. 1, 1981; “Striking It Rich,” Time, Feb. 15, 1982; “The Seeds of Success,” Time, Feb. 15, 1982; Moritz, 292–295; Sheff.