Текст 8

Where Do We Get Resources?

Before you can make anything you will need resources. Resources can be anything that is used in the production of a product. What are some of the resources you can use, and where do you find them? Your resource list might include:

- People: Technology has been created by people. People have used their ideas and knowledge to invent and build products that meet their needs. Some companies hire people for their ideas and skills just as other companies buy raw materials for their products. You might need to contact people skilled in a particular field who can help you with your ideas and designs. With the proper training and education, you can be a resource person for others, too.

- Machines: Since the invention of the wheel and other simple machines, people have used their intelligence to create the many complex machines we rely on today. We rely on machines as a resource to help us do work, and through technology those machines often run automatically; we don't even have to think about them.

- Information: You know already that the amount of information in the world is growing rapidly. Because there is so much information there are companies that gather, organize, and sell the information. People use this information to design, produce, and sell products.

- Raw Materials: You probably know that natural resources include water, land, minerals, fossil fuels (remains of dead vege­tation and animals such as oil, coal, natural gas), and timber. But did you know that some of these resources are nonrenewable? Nonrenewable means that once the resource has been used up, it is gone forever! For example, the world's supply of oil will not last forever.

- Energy: Energy is used to make things and to transport products. It is also used to heat, cool, and light the buildings that we live and work in. Like raw materials, some sources of energy are limited. Renewable energy sources include solar energy, geothermal energy, and nuclear energy.

- Money: Even if you had all the other resources available to you, it still takes money to start a business. Money to start a new business is often borrowed from banks. Loans must be paid back as well as any interest on the loan. The lender charges you additional money for letting you use its money. This charge is called interest. Even after a company is making a profit (money left over after all bills are paid), it continues to pay for the other resources it uses.

- Time: Many people consider time a resource because it takes time to make a product. In many instances, however, time is a factor that determines which other resources you might use and how you might use them. If you have to produce a product in a short time, you might choose only materials that are readily available and people who are already trained for that job.

Завдання 7 Визначте, які з поданих нижче речень відповідають змісту тексту:

1. Resources are important.

2. Money to start a new business is often borrowed from banks.

3. Natural resources include energy, machines, money, people, time and information.

4. Proper training and education are important to invent new products.

5. People created technology and raw materials.

6. You don't need to contact other people for professional assistance, you must use only your own ideas.

7. If we want to produce high-quality machines, we should choose intelligent people, skilled in the field.

8. People have used their knowledge to create a lot of clever machines.

9. There is a lot of information in the world, and it is growing rapidly.

10. Money and time do not influence the final product.

Завдання 8 Перекладіть рідною мовою підкреслені в Тексті 8 речення.

Завдання 9 Дайте відповіді на подані нижче запитання:

1. What do we call resources?

2. How many items does the resource list include? Name them.

3. What qualities are important to consider a specialist “a resource person”?

4. Why do people need information?

5. What is the most important thing you should know about natural resources?

6. What kind of energy sources do you know?

7. Where can you get money to start a business?

8. In what way does time factor influence your business project?

Завдання 10 Дайте визначення таких понять:

1. resources

2. renewable resources

3. nonrenewable resources

4. geothermal energy

5. fossil fuels

6. a resource person

7. interest on loans

Завдання 11 Виберіть з тексту всі слова, якими ми можемо охарактеризувати якості матеріалів.

Завдання 12 Прочитайте поданий нижче Текст 8A з метою найти відповіді на такі запитання:

1. Чому ми називаємо Землю „закритою системою”?

2. Яке значення мають терміни „disposable”, „biodegradable” та „recycling”?

3. Яким чином використання ресурсів може впливати на навколишнє середовище?