Exercises

• Read the following international words and word-combinations.

To consist of; physical devices; system; instructions; basic techniques; to manipulate; cycle; function; graphic; circuit; processor; specialized; a phone; an access; application.

• Give the English for the following Russian words.

Аппаратное оборудование, программное обеспечение, физические устройства, компьютерная система, инструкции, выполнять задание, устройства ввода, экран компьютера, читать графические образы, выполнять вычисления, преобразовывать данные в значимую информацию, устройства ввода/вывода, хранить данные, базовые инструкции.

• Answer the questions about the text.

• What is hardware?

• What is software?

• What does computer take data through?

• What processes are known as the computer cycle?

• What is the keyboard?

• What is computer memory used for?

• What do you do if you want to keep the data in a permanent form?

• What is a programme?

• What does the operating system contain?

• What does the computer need to perform useful tasks?

• Look through the text once again and say if the following statements are true or false.

• All computers consist of hardware.

• All computers use the same basic techniques for carrying out the tasks we give them.

• The computer takes in data through the operating system.

• There are four processes which taken together are known as the computing cycle.

• The most common device used for input on microcomputers is the processor.

• Microprocessors perform all calculations and manipulations necessary to transform data into meaningful information.

• Getting processed data out of the computer is the job of input devices.

• All computers use disks to store data magnetically.

• There are six most common types of application software.

• Match the two columns.

• Hard ware

• Software

• Input devices

• Output devices

• A mouse

• Memory

• Storage

• A program

• An application

• Graphic software

• the instructions that tell the computer what tasks to perform

• device that takes in data for processing

• the computer itself and all other related physical devices

• manipulates a pointer on the computer screen for giving commands and entering data

• a device for storing data

• a device for getting processed data out of the computer

• a device for keeping data in a permanent form

• a group of instructions that tell the processing devices what to do

• a job that a computer can perform

• Complete the following sentences with a proper word.

• For the computer to perform useful tasks, it needs application software on addition to the (операционной системе).

• Software can be a single program or (набор программ) that work together.

• Once data is in a microcomputer, it is (обрабатывается микропроцессором).

• All computers use the same (базовые приемы для выполнения заданий) we give them.

• Microprocessors perform all (вычисления и операции) necessary to transform data into meaningful information.

• Write a summary of the text.