Контрольное задание № 3

Для того чтобы правильно выполнить задание № 3, необходимо усвоить следующие разделы курса английского языка по рекомендованному учебнику:

1. Функции и значения слов it, that, since, one, for, as Выделение отдельных членов предложения' при помощи оборота it is (was)... that Указательное местоимение that (those) с последующим определением как заместитель существительного Неопределенное местоимение one. One в сочетании с разными формами определения как заместитель существительного.

2. Пассивные формы (Passive Voice) в трех временах всех групп Indefinite, Continuous, Perfect

3. Функции глаголов to be, to have, to do.

4. Простые неличные формы глагола: the Infinitive в функции подлежащего, определения, дополнения и обстоятельства цели, the Gerund. Отличие Gerund от Participle 1 и отглагольного существительного

5. Перевод на русский язык дополнительных придаточных предложений при согласовании времен з главном и придаточном предложениях Бессоюзное подчинение.

I. Перепишите предложения, определите в каждом из них видовременную форму и залог глагола-сказуемого. Переведите предложения на русский язык:

1. The construction of the dam was completely mechanized

2. I saw the power station which had been described in this article

3. Mendeleyev predicted that tne vacant places in his table would be filled by yet unknown elements.

4. While a current is flowing through a wire, the latter is being heated

II. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их, учитывая значения слов it, that, one, as, for, since.

1. January is the first month of the year and December is the last one.

2. He must have a good rest since he has slept only a few hours.

3. Natural rubber is of higher quality than that produced artificially

4. As I have lost my watch I can't tell you the time.

5. I felt for many days like one in a dream

6. It was expected that our engineer would return before the New Year

7. It is understood that the new power plant will be soon constructed

III. Перепишите предложения и переведите их, имея в виду различные значения глаголов to be, to have, to do

1. We see that you are busy.

2. He went where he had intended to go.

3. The designs have to be examined and approved of by experts.

4. Do you live in the same street?

5. They say that our professor is in the laboratory

6. He told us that he was writing an article about-Russian music.

7. I lost the book which you had given me.

8. They do their home tasks after their work is over.

IV. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их, принимая во внимание правила согласования времен и бессоюзное подчинение:

1. The young man told me that he would graduate from the Institute in two years

2. We hoped that the students had finished their experiment.

3. He thought everybody knew about his invention.

V. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их, обращая внимание на функции инфинитива.

This method is designed to eliminate cosily tower cranes. To read ancient mathematical tables was very difficult.

The English Character

The national character of the English has been very differently described, but most commentators agree over one quality, which they describe as fatuous self-satisfaction, serene sense of superiority, or insular pride English patriotism is based on a deep sense of security. Englishmen as individuals may have been insecure, threatened with the loss of a job, unsure of themselves, or unhappy in many ways; but as a nation they have been for centuries secure, serene in their national success. They have not lived in a state of hatred of their neighbours as Frenchmen or Germans have often lived Thus national sense of security, hardly threatened by the Armada, or by Napoleon, or by the First World War, has been greatly weakened by the Second World War and by the invention of the atomic bomb

Many books have been written - even more perhaps, by Frenchmen, Germans, and other foreigners than by Englishmen - on English traits. English ways of life and the English character Their authors are by no means always in agreement, but they tend to point out what seem to them puzzles, contrasts, in the way the English behave A few of these contrasts may serve to sum up how the world looks at the English.

First, there is the contrast between the unity the English display in a crisis, their strong sense for public order, indeed for conformity, and their extraordinary toleration of individual eccentricities Germans are usually astounded by what they regard as the Englishman's lack of respect for authority and discipline Frenchmen are often puzzled by the vehemence of English political debates, by the Hyde Park public orator, and similar aspects of English life which in their own country would seem signs of grave political disturbance. This sort of contrast has led to the common belief held by foreigners, and indeed by Englishmen themselves, that they are a most illogical people, always preferring practical compromises to theoretical exactness.

Second, there is the contrast between English democracy, the English sense of the dignity and importance of the individual, and the very great social and economic inequalities that have hitherto characterized English life. There has recently been some tendency to allow greater social equality. But Victorian and Edwardian England - which foreigners still think of as the typical England - did display extremes of riches and poverty, and draw an almost caste line between ladies and gentlemen and those not ladies and gentlemen.

Third, there is the contrast between the reputation of the English as hard-beaded practical men — the "nation of shopkeepers" — and as men of poetry — the countrymen of Shakespeare and Shelley. The English tradition in philosophy has always been realistic and hostile to mysticism; yet the English look down on the French as narrow rationalists. The apparent coldness of Englishmen and their reserve ha*s been almost universally noted by foreigners; but foreigners also confess that they find English reserve not unpleasant, and that once one gets to know an Englishman he turns out to be a very companionable fellow

From 'Oxford Junior Encyclopedia'

AROUND BRITAIN