Science

Science is important to most people living in the modern world for a number of reasons. In particular, science is important to world peace and understanding, to the understanding of technology, and to our understanding of the world.

Science is important to world peace in many ways. On one hand, scientists have helped to develop many of the modern tools of war. On the other hand, they have also helped to keep the peace through research which has improved life for people. Scientists have helped us to understand the problem of supplying the world with enough energy; they have begun to develop a number of solutions to the energy problem - for example, using energy from the sun and from the atom. Scientists have also analyzed the world's resources. We can begin learning to share the resources with the knowledge provided to us by science. Science studies the Universe and how to use its possibilities for the benefit of men.

Science is also important to everyone who is affected by modern technology. Many of the things that make our lives easier and better are the results of advances in technology and, if the present patterns continue, technology will affect us even more in the future than it does now. In some cases, such as technology for taking salt out of ocean water, technology may be essential for our lives on the Earth.

The study of science also provides people with an understanding of natural world. Scientists are learning to predict earthquakes, are continuing to study many other natural events such as storms. Scientists are also studying various aspects of human biology and the origin and developments of the human race. The study of the natural world may help to improve life for many people, all over the world.

A basic knowledge of science is essential for everyone. It helps people to find their way in the changing world.

IV Comprehensive skills

1. Mind the following words and word-combinations

gain – здобувати, отримувати;

experience – досвід;

efficient – ефективний;

large-scale – широкомасштабний;

2. Listen to the text Engineering. Read the following statements, say whether they are true (t) or false (f).

   1. Engineering is the profession that efficiently uses materials and forces of nature.

   2. Before the middle of the 19th century, large-scale construction work was done by military engineers.

   3. Civil engineers did the preparation of topographical maps, the location, design, and construction of roads and bridges.

   4. Military engineer is an engineer who works for nonmilitary purposes.

   5. Mechanical engineering appeared at the beginning of the 20^th century.

Unit 2

I Read and remember the words and their translation.

1. processing hardware — прилади обробки даних;

2. input hardware — прилади вводу даних;

3. to convert — конвертувати, переробляти;

4. keyboard — клавіатура;

5. mouse —прилад для переміщення обєктів на екрані, «мишка»;

6. to connect — з’єднувати;

7. to roll — катати;

8. to reach — досягати;

9. sensitive — чуттєвий;

10. scanner — сканер;

11. to retrieve — вилучати;

12. to direct — управляти;

13. to execute — виконувати;

14. to interpret — перекладати;

15. to affect — впливати;

16. amount — кількість;

17. sophisticated — складний;

18. RAM — ОЗП (оперативно запам’ятовуючий прилад);

19. volatile — нестійкий , тимчасовий, енергозалежний;

20. temporarily — тимчасово;

21. ROM — ПЗП (постійно запамятовуючий прилад);

22. output hardware — вихідні прилади відображення інформації;

23. printer — прінтер;

24. modem — модем;

25. lap — коліна;

26. storage hardware — прилади зберігання даних;

27. hard disk — жорсткий диск , «вінчестер»;

28. CD-ROM — накопичувач на компакт-дисках;

29. capacity — місткість;

30. to provide — забезпечувати;

1. Read and translate the text Hardware.