Vocabulary

subsidiary – филиал

to be related – быть связанным

key people – руководящие должности

salary – заработная плата

commission – комиссионное вознаграждение

to require – нуждаться, требовать

to drive the business forward – продвигать, развивать бизнес

to thrive – процветать, преуспевать

fast-paced environment – быстро меняющаяся обстановка

customer – заказчик, покупатель, клиент

variety – разнообразие

retail – розница

essential – существенный, важный

desire to succeed – желание добиться успеха, преуспеть

outgoing personality – общительный характер

to apply – обращаться (за работой)

remuneration – вознаграждение, зарплата

customer service department – отдел по обслуживанию клиентов

self motivated – инициативный

female – женщина

male – мужчина

maturity – зрелость

positive attitude – положительное отношение

ethnic minority – этническое меньшинство

background – происхождение

benefit – выгода, польза, прибыль

advantage – преимущество

pro rata – в соответствии, пропорционально

to update – обновлять

eligible – подходящий, желательный

to accompany – сопровождать,

referee – судья, человек, который может вас порекомендовать

Read the first job ad and find the information which was mentioned in the text.

1. DX Communications has subsidiaries in Ireland and Holland.

2. DX Communications requires new salesmen.

3. Knowledge of the mobile phone industry is essential for applicants.

4. Retail management experience is very important for recruits.

5. CV should include remuneration package of the previous year.

Read the second job ad and say if these sentences are true or false.

1. Greenfield Industries is situated in Aberdeenshire.

2. Cleveland Europe Limited is seeking a linguist.

3. Applicants should be fluent both in German and in French.

4. Applicants should have some experience in commerce.

5. The new linguist will work in Sales Department.

Read the third job ad and complete the following sentences.

1. The Scottish Prison Service is looking for people ________.

1. who like to work independently

2. who enjoy a team environment

3. who like a risky job

2. Applicants must be ________.

1. older than twenty

2. good at foreign languages

3. sensible

3. The Scottish Prison Service is seeking ________.

1. only men

2. both men and women

3. only women

Read the fourth job ad and find the information which is incorrect.

1. Barratt Construction LTD needs a marketing director.

2. It is a full time job.

3. Applicants should have some sales experience.

4. There won’t be any commission.

5. Barratt Construction LTD deals with houses and apartments.

Read the fifth job ad and find the answers to the following questions.

1. What kind of experience is needed?

1. experience of working with children

2. experience of working with elderly people

3. experience of working at school

2. How long will a school nurse work?

1. during the academic year

2. only during the school term

3. during three months

3. How many pupils are there in Robert Gordons’ College?

1. 1500

2. 1300

3. 1400

Now read the ads once more and say which one would you choose if you

1. graduated from the Medical College

2. studied at the Linguistic Department

3. a post-graduate student of the Teachers’ Training University

4. graduated from the Academy of Trade

5. studied at the University of Management

Now give reasons for your choice. Don’t forget to think over

a salary offered, criteria required, potential of the company, the fact if it is a part-time or full-time job.

Answer the questions.

1. Which company is looking for a good salesman?

2. Which firm needs supervisors?

3. Which company is interested in people with good eyesight and physically fit?

4. Where should people be able to work with children apply?

5. Why is Robert Gordons’ College looking for new teachers?

6. Which company needs workers with a car and a telephone?

7. Which organization needs people for a short period of time?

Look through the job ads and say

*what kind of a company DX Communications is

*what skills the applicants for the Scottish Prison Service should possess

*what the main criteria for a linguist in Cleveland Europe Limited are

* what the salary basis offered in Barratt Construction LTD is

*what kind of documents the applicants for Robert Gordons’ College should have

You know that your sister is looking for a job. She is good at languages, a perfect communicator and has some sales experience. Phone her and tell her about the job ads which you think will suit her.

Job ads: reading between lines

Checking out job advertisements is popular with executives worldwide. But though the activity is universal, is the same true of the advertisement? Are executive positions in different countries advertised in the same way? A comparison of the jobs pages of The Times of London, Le Monde of Paris and Germany’s Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung suggests not.

First, what UK job seekers consider an essential piece of information – what the post pays – is absent from French and German adverts. It is often left to applicants to raise this themselves. In contrast, most British advertisements mention not only salary, but also other material incentives including a car and fridge benefits. French or German advertisements rarely refer to these.

The attention given to rewards in the UK indicates the importance of the job and its responsibility. In France and Germany, that information is given by the level of experience and qualifications demanded. Salary can be assumed to correspond with this.

If France and German adverts are vague about material rewards, they are precise about qualifications. They usually demand “a degree in …”, not simply “a degree”. In Germany, for example, a technical director for a machine tool company will be expected to have a Dipl.-Ing degree in Mechanical Engineering.

French advertisements go further. They may specify not just the type of grande ecole degree, but sometimes a particular set of institutions, these being the most famous grandes ecoles.

All this contrasts with the vague call for “graduates” (or “graduate preferred”) which is found in the UK. British companies often give the impression that they have a particular type of applicant in mind, but are not sure about the supply and will consider others. Their wording suggests hope and uncertainty, as in this advertisement from The Times: “Whilst educational standards are obviously important, a large measure of personal enthusiasm is likely to secure the success of your application.”

In the UK qualifications beyond degree level make employers nervous, but in France and Germany it is difficult to be “overqualified.” Many people in German executive boards have doctorates and French regard five or six years of intensive post-baccalaureat study at a grand ecole as ideal training. British managers are not selected primarily for their intelligence, as managers are in France, or for their expert knowledge, as in Germany. Instead, the British give importance to social, political and leadership skills.

This difference also shows in the personal qualities mentioned. British advertisements stress energy, ability to communicate and motivate. German advertisements like achievement, but it tends to be less personality-driven. German companies want candidates with sound knowledge, experience and competence in their field. They rarely recruit novices as do British employers. French advertisements refer more to intellectual qualities like analytical aptitude and independence.

Even the tone of the job advertisements is different in the three countries. By French and German standards, British advertisements are very exciting. They attract young executives with challenges such as: “Are you reaching your potential?”, whereas French and German advertisements are boringly direct, aiming to give information about the job rather than to sell it.

All this points to three different conceptions of management. The French regard it as intellectually complex, the Germans as technically complex, and the British as interpersonally complex. But they agree on one thing: it’s complex.

Now complete the chart with the information each country provides in its advertisements.

	UK	France	Germany
Salary	1. essential piece of information	2. not mentioned	3. not mentioned
Material incentives	4.	5.	6.
Degrees/qualifications	7.	8.	9.
School attended	10.	11.	12.
Personal qualities	13.	14.	15.
Tone of job advertisement	16.	17.	18.
Conceptions of management	19.	20.	21.

UNIT 2

WRITING A RESUME AND COMPLETING AN APPLICATION FORM

Writing a resume

A resume describes your background and qualifications in more detail than does a letter of application. It may be enclosed with such a letter or given to an employer before or during an interview. A good resume is neat, well organized, and easy to read. Most are about one or two pages long.

Begin your resume with your name, address, and telephone number and indicate the kind of job you are seeking. Then list your work experiences, beginning with the most recent. Give the names and addresses of past employers, dates of employment, and a brief description of your duties and functions. Indicate any skills you have that relate to the job you are seeking. Also mention any related volunteer work or other activities.

Next, list the names and locations of all schools and training programs you have attended since high school. Include your attendance dates and major subjects plus any degrees, diplomas, certificates, and honors you received. Finally, list any hobbies, travel experience, or other information that applies to the job you are seeking. Be sure to date your resume to show how recent the information is.

Many employers ask for the names and addresses of personal references – that is, persons the employer may contact to learn more about you. Some job applicants list three or four personal references in their resumes. Other applicants indicate that such references are available on request.

* * *

Before you write the first line, you will need to decide whether you want to write a chronological or functional resume.

The chronological resume highlights your employment history by dates, starting with the most recent. A chronological resume is good for those who have a strong work history. Employers often prefer a chronological resume, because it is specific and lists your work experiences.

A functional resume lists your experiences under key skills. A functional resume is good for persons who have limited work experience, because it emphasizes skills rather than job experience. It highlights strengths and hides weaknesses. A functional resume is also good for someone who has too much work history. Foe example, a waiter who has worked in 45 different restaurants over five years may need to use a functional resume, which would highlight his experiences without making it look like he drifted from job to job with no purpose. Although most employers prefer the chronological resume, the above reasons explain why functional resumes may need to be used instead.